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Effect of job insecurity on intention to leave and moral disengagement

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 148 - 157, 08.12.2022

Abstract

The banking sector has a respectively high personnel turnover rate due to recent global financial crises and technological advances. There has been a significant increase in the number of closed bank branches and banking personnel who recently left their jobs in Turkey during the last five years. Therefore, the underlying uncertain environment has an important impact on job insecurity, intention to leave and moral disengagement perceptions of banking sector employees as well. The main purpose of this study is to explore the effect of job insecurity on intention to leave and moral disengagement. The sample of the present study involves 133 employees currently working at both public and private banks in Kars province, Turkey. The results of this study reveal that job insecurity has a positive statistically significant effect on both intention to leave and moral disengagement. On the other hand, the empirical findings of this study indicate that emotional job insecurity, one of the sub-dimensions of job insecurity, has a positive statistically significant impact on intention to leave, whereas no significant impact was found between emotional job insecurity and moral disengagement. As expected, the analysis results also demonstrate that private bank employees have a higher job insecurity level than public bank counterparts.   

References

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  • Addai, P., Mottey, R., Afrifah, M., & Osei Boakye, A. (2022). Job Insecurity and turnover intentions among banking sector employees: the moderating role of organizational support and ethical leadership. SEISENSE Journal of Management, 5(1), 17–30. https://doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v5i1.736
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  • Bandura, A., Barbaranelli, C., Caprara, G. V., & Pastorellı, C. (1996). Mechanisms of moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 364-374.
  • Bandura, A. (1999). Moral Disengagement in the perpetration of inhumanities. Personal And Social Psychology Review, 3, 193-209.
  • Barsky, A. (2008). Understanding the ethical cost of organizational goal-setting: a review and theory development. Journal of Business Ethics, 81(1), 63-81.
  • Brown, Michael E., Trevino, Linda K., & Harrison, D. A. (2015). Ethical leadership: a social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97(2), 117-134.
  • Chiu, C.-M., Tan, C.M., Hsu, J.S.-C., & Cheng, H.L. (2022). Employee deviance: the impacts of techno-insecurity and moral disengagement. Information Technology & People, https://doi.org/10.1108/itp-03-2021-0198
  • Christian, J. S., & Ellis, A. P. J. (2014). The crucial role of turnover intentions in transforming moral disengagement into deviant behavior at work. Journal of Business Ethics, 119, 193-208.
  • Claybourn, M. (2011). Relationships between moral disengagement, work characteristics and workplace harassment. Journal Business Ethics, 100, 283-301, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0680-1
  • Çınar, O., Karcıoğlu, F., & Aslan, İ. (2014). The relationships among organizational cynicism, job insecurity and turnover intention: a survey study in Erzurum/Turkey, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 429-437, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.045
  • Darren, G., & Mallery, P. (2016). IBM SPSS statistics 23 step by step: a simple guide and reference, Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315545899
  • De Witte, H. (2005). Job insecurity: Review of the international literature on definitions, prevalence, antecedents and consequences. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 31(4), 1-6.
  • Dede, E. (2017). İş güvencesizliği algısının ve örgütsel güven düzeyinin örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı üzerindeki etkileri: devlet ortaokulu ve özel ortaokul öğretmenleri üzerine bir araştırma (Doktora Tezi). İstanbul: İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Dengler, K., & Gundert, S. (2021). Digital transformation and subjective job insecurity in Germany. European Sociological Review, 37(5), 799-817. https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcaa066.
  • Detert, J. R., Trevino, L. Klebe, K., & Sweitzer, V. L. (2008). Moral disengagement in ethical decision making: a study of antecedents and outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93, 374-391.
  • Elshaer, I. A., Ghanem, M., & Azazz, A. M. S. (2022). An unethical organizational behavior for the sake of the family: perceived risk of job insecurity, family motivation and financial pressures. International Journal Environmental Research Public Health, 19, 6541. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116541
  • Erbaş, E., & Şahin Perçin, N. (2017). Ahlaki çözülme (moral disengagement) ölçeği Türkçe geçerlemesi ve kişi-çevre uyumu ilişkisi. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 17(1), 177-190.
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  • Fida, R., Paciello, M., Tramontano, C., Fontaine, R. G., Barbanelli, C., & Farnese, M. L. (2015). An integrative approach to understanding counterproductive work behavior: the roles of stressors, negative emotions, and moral disengagement. Journal of Business Ethics, 130, 131-144.
  • Hariyonyoto, F. R., Musnadi, S., & Majid, M. S. A. (2019). Effect of organizational commitment, job satisfaction and work insecurity on turnover intention and its impact on the organizational performance of bank Aceh Syariah. The Internatıonal Journal of Business Management and Technology, 3(4), 23-32.
  • Heryanda, K. K. (2019). The effect of job insecurity on turnover intention through work satisfaction in employees of pt. telkom access singaraja. International Journal of Social Science and Business, 3(3), 198-205. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijssb.v3i3.20997
  • Hom, P. W., Caranikos-Walker, F., Prussia, G. E., & Griffeth, R. W. (1992). A meta-analytical structural equations analysis of a model of employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(6), 890-909.
  • Huang GH, Wellman N, Ashford SJ, Lee C., & Wang L. (2017) Deviance and exit: The organizational costs of job insecurity and moral disengagement. J. Applied Psychology, 102(1), 26-42. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000158.
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  • Jiang, L., & Lavayse, L. (2008). Cognitive and affective job insecurity: a meta-analysis and a primary study. Journal of Management, 44(6), 2307-2342.
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  • Kaya, H., & Abdioğlu, H. (2010). Çalışanların örgütten ayrılma eğilimleri üzerine bir araştırma, Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 43(4),127-163.
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  • Kristof-Brown, A. L. Zimmerman, R. D., & Johnson, E. C. (2005). Consequences of individuals fit at work: a meta-analysis of person-job, person-organization, person-group, and person-supervisor fit. Personnel Psychology, 58, 281-342.
  • Lambert, E. G., Hogan, N. L., & Barton, S. M. (2001). The impact of job satisfaction on turnover intent: a test of a structural measurement model using a national sample of workers. The Social Science Journal, 38(2), 233-250.
  • Lawrence, E. R., & Kacmar, K. M. (2016). Exploring the impact of job insecurity on employees' unethical behavior. Business Ethics Quarterly, 27(01), 39-70. https://doi.org/10.1017/beq.2016.58
  • Lee, T. W., Mitchell, T. R., Sablynski, C. J., Burton, J. P., & Holtom, B. C. (2004). The effects of job embeddedness on organizational citizenship, job performance, volitional absences, and voluntary turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 47(5), 711-722.
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İş güvencesizliğinin işten ayrılma niyeti ve ahlaki çözülme üzerindeki etkisi

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 148 - 157, 08.12.2022

Abstract

Bankacılık sektörü küresel anlamda yaşanan finansal krizler ve teknolojik yeniliklerden dolayı personel devir hızının yüksek olduğu bir sektördür. Ülkemizde son beş yılda kapanan şube ve işten ayrılan personel sayısında önemli bir yükseliş vardır. Bu durumun banka çalışanlarının iş güvencesizliği, işten ayrılma niyeti ve ahlaki çözülme algıları üzerinde önemli bir etkisi vardır. Araştırmanın amacı, iş güvencesizliğinin işten ayrılma niyeti ve ahlaki çözülme üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini Kars ilinde bulunan özel ve kamu bankalarında çalışan 133 iş gören oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada iş güvencesizliğinin işten ayrılma niyeti ile ahlaki çözülmeyi pozitif ve anlamlı olarak etkilediği bulgulanmıştır. İş güvencesizliğinin alt boyutlarından olan bilişsel iş güvencesizliği ile duygusal iş güvencesizliği işten ayrılma niyetini anlamlı ve pozitif etkilediği, ahlaki çözülmeyi ise anlamlı olarak etkilemediği bulgulanmıştır. Son olarak özel banka çalışanlarının kamu banka çalışanlarına göre iş güvencesizliği algısı daha yüksektir.

References

  • Addae, H. M., Praveen, P. K., & Davis, E. E. (2006). Organizational commitment and intentions to quit: An examination of the moderating effects of psychological contract breach in Trinidad and Tobago. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 14(3),225-238.
  • Addai, P., Mottey, R., Afrifah, M., & Osei Boakye, A. (2022). Job Insecurity and turnover intentions among banking sector employees: the moderating role of organizational support and ethical leadership. SEISENSE Journal of Management, 5(1), 17–30. https://doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v5i1.736
  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory, Prentice Hall.
  • Bandura, A., Barbaranelli, C., Caprara, G. V., & Pastorellı, C. (1996). Mechanisms of moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 364-374.
  • Bandura, A. (1999). Moral Disengagement in the perpetration of inhumanities. Personal And Social Psychology Review, 3, 193-209.
  • Barsky, A. (2008). Understanding the ethical cost of organizational goal-setting: a review and theory development. Journal of Business Ethics, 81(1), 63-81.
  • Brown, Michael E., Trevino, Linda K., & Harrison, D. A. (2015). Ethical leadership: a social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97(2), 117-134.
  • Chiu, C.-M., Tan, C.M., Hsu, J.S.-C., & Cheng, H.L. (2022). Employee deviance: the impacts of techno-insecurity and moral disengagement. Information Technology & People, https://doi.org/10.1108/itp-03-2021-0198
  • Christian, J. S., & Ellis, A. P. J. (2014). The crucial role of turnover intentions in transforming moral disengagement into deviant behavior at work. Journal of Business Ethics, 119, 193-208.
  • Claybourn, M. (2011). Relationships between moral disengagement, work characteristics and workplace harassment. Journal Business Ethics, 100, 283-301, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0680-1
  • Çınar, O., Karcıoğlu, F., & Aslan, İ. (2014). The relationships among organizational cynicism, job insecurity and turnover intention: a survey study in Erzurum/Turkey, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 429-437, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.045
  • Darren, G., & Mallery, P. (2016). IBM SPSS statistics 23 step by step: a simple guide and reference, Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315545899
  • De Witte, H. (2005). Job insecurity: Review of the international literature on definitions, prevalence, antecedents and consequences. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 31(4), 1-6.
  • Dede, E. (2017). İş güvencesizliği algısının ve örgütsel güven düzeyinin örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı üzerindeki etkileri: devlet ortaokulu ve özel ortaokul öğretmenleri üzerine bir araştırma (Doktora Tezi). İstanbul: İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Dengler, K., & Gundert, S. (2021). Digital transformation and subjective job insecurity in Germany. European Sociological Review, 37(5), 799-817. https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcaa066.
  • Detert, J. R., Trevino, L. Klebe, K., & Sweitzer, V. L. (2008). Moral disengagement in ethical decision making: a study of antecedents and outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93, 374-391.
  • Elshaer, I. A., Ghanem, M., & Azazz, A. M. S. (2022). An unethical organizational behavior for the sake of the family: perceived risk of job insecurity, family motivation and financial pressures. International Journal Environmental Research Public Health, 19, 6541. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116541
  • Erbaş, E., & Şahin Perçin, N. (2017). Ahlaki çözülme (moral disengagement) ölçeği Türkçe geçerlemesi ve kişi-çevre uyumu ilişkisi. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 17(1), 177-190.
  • Ferrie, J., Shipley, M., Marmot, M., & Martikainen, P. (2001). Job insecurity in white-collar workers: toward an explanation of associations with health. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 26-42.
  • Fida, R., Paciello, M., Tramontano, C., Fontaine, R. G., Barbanelli, C., & Farnese, M. L. (2015). An integrative approach to understanding counterproductive work behavior: the roles of stressors, negative emotions, and moral disengagement. Journal of Business Ethics, 130, 131-144.
  • Hariyonyoto, F. R., Musnadi, S., & Majid, M. S. A. (2019). Effect of organizational commitment, job satisfaction and work insecurity on turnover intention and its impact on the organizational performance of bank Aceh Syariah. The Internatıonal Journal of Business Management and Technology, 3(4), 23-32.
  • Heryanda, K. K. (2019). The effect of job insecurity on turnover intention through work satisfaction in employees of pt. telkom access singaraja. International Journal of Social Science and Business, 3(3), 198-205. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijssb.v3i3.20997
  • Hom, P. W., Caranikos-Walker, F., Prussia, G. E., & Griffeth, R. W. (1992). A meta-analytical structural equations analysis of a model of employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(6), 890-909.
  • Huang GH, Wellman N, Ashford SJ, Lee C., & Wang L. (2017) Deviance and exit: The organizational costs of job insecurity and moral disengagement. J. Applied Psychology, 102(1), 26-42. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000158.
  • Huang, G.- H., Niu X., Lee, C., & Ashford, S. (2012). Differentiating cognitive and affective job insecurity: antecedents and outcomes. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 1-18.
  • Jiang, L., & Lavayse, L. (2008). Cognitive and affective job insecurity: a meta-analysis and a primary study. Journal of Management, 44(6), 2307-2342.
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2010). Spss uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri. Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Kaya, H., & Abdioğlu, H. (2010). Çalışanların örgütten ayrılma eğilimleri üzerine bir araştırma, Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 43(4),127-163.
  • Kaymaz, O. (2019). Teknostres ve iş güvencesizliği ilişkisine yönelik bir uygulama (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Trakya: Trakya Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü,
  • Kouchaki, M., & Wareham, J. (2015). Excluded and behaving unethically: social exclusion, physiological responses, and unethical behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100(2), 547-556.
  • Kristof-Brown, A. L. Zimmerman, R. D., & Johnson, E. C. (2005). Consequences of individuals fit at work: a meta-analysis of person-job, person-organization, person-group, and person-supervisor fit. Personnel Psychology, 58, 281-342.
  • Lambert, E. G., Hogan, N. L., & Barton, S. M. (2001). The impact of job satisfaction on turnover intent: a test of a structural measurement model using a national sample of workers. The Social Science Journal, 38(2), 233-250.
  • Lawrence, E. R., & Kacmar, K. M. (2016). Exploring the impact of job insecurity on employees' unethical behavior. Business Ethics Quarterly, 27(01), 39-70. https://doi.org/10.1017/beq.2016.58
  • Lee, T. W., Mitchell, T. R., Sablynski, C. J., Burton, J. P., & Holtom, B. C. (2004). The effects of job embeddedness on organizational citizenship, job performance, volitional absences, and voluntary turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 47(5), 711-722.
  • McAlister, A. L., Ama, E., Barroso, C., Peters, R. J., & Kelder, S. (1999) Promoting tolerance and moral engagement through peer counseling, Unpublished Manuscript, University of Texas Health Science Center.
  • Moore, C., Detert, J. R., Trevino, L. K., Baker, V. L., & Mayer, D. M. (2011). Why employees do bad things: moral disengagement and unethical organizational behavior. Personnel Psychology, 65, 1-48.
  • Naktiyok, S. (2015). Dönüştürücü liderlik ve örgütsel desteğin örgütsel bağlılık ve işten ayrılma niyetine etkisi: örgütsel güven algısının aracı rolü (Doktora Tezi). Erzurum: Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Niesen, W., Van Hootegem, A., Handaja, Y., Battistelli, A., & De Witte, H., (2018). Quantitative and qualitative job insecurity and idea generation: the mediating role of psychological contract breach. Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 3(1), 2-13. https://doi.org/10.16993/sjwop.36.
  • Obeng, A. F., Quansah, P. E., & Boakye, E., (2020). The relationship between job insecurity and turnover intention: the mediating role of employee morale and psychological strain, Management, 10(2), 35-45. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.mm.20201002.01.
  • Ordonez, L. D., & Welsh, D. T. (2015). Immoral goals, how goal setting may lead to unethical behavior. Current opinion in Psychology, 6, 93-96.
  • Ostini, R. (2010). Measuring conceptualization of morality: or how to invent a construct and measure it too. In G. Walford, E. Tucker, & M. Viswanathan (Eds). The SAGE Handbook of Measurement (pp. 337-352). SAGE
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There are 61 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Business Administration
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Zafer Aykanat 0000-0003-3160-933X

Murat Öztürk 0000-0002-5148-4565

Publication Date December 8, 2022
Submission Date September 26, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Aykanat, Z., & Öztürk, M. (2022). İş güvencesizliğinin işten ayrılma niyeti ve ahlaki çözülme üzerindeki etkisi. Ardahan Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(2), 148-157.