Research Article
Year 2018,
Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 718 - 736, 21.12.2018
Abstract
Bir
toplumda uygulanan yenilikler belli bir süre sonra başka toplumlarda da
uygulamaya konulmaktadır. Politikaların bölgeler, ülkeler ve şehirler arasında
yayılmasını açıklayan farklı yayılma modelleri bulunmaktadır. Bunların
içinde bölgesel yayılma modeli, politika yapıcıların mevcut problemlere dönük
çözümler veya yenilikler için aynı coğrafi bölgeyi paylaştığı komşu ülkelerden
etkilenmesini ifade etmektedir. Özellikle iletişim ve ulaşım teknolojilerinin
zayıf ve ilkel olduğu dönemlerde bölgesel yakınlık ve komşuluk toplumlararası
etkileşimin en temel dinamiği ve kanalıdır. Bu çalışmada Çin’de yapılan ve daha
sonra çevre ülkeler Vietnam, Kore ve Japonya’ya da yayılan bürokrasi sınavlarının
bölgesel yayılma modeli örneği olduğu ileri sürülmektedir. Çin’in 605 yılında
ilk kez uyguladığı bürokrasi sınavları, yedinci yüzyıldan itibaren Japonya’da,
958 yılında Kore’de, 1075 yılında ise Vietnam’da uygulanmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada da Japonya, Kore ve Vietnam’da
uygulanan Çin bürokrasi sınavları politika yayılması bağlamında
değerlendirilerek, Türkiye’de bu sınavların bilinirliğinin artırılması
amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın kapsamı ve
teması itibariyle hem Doğu Asya hem de kamu politikası alanına katkı sağlaması
açısından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
References
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- Beasley, W. G. (2000). The Japanese Experience: A Short History of Japan. Univ. of California Press.
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- Dolowitz, D. and Marsh D. (1996), Who Learns What From Whom: A Review of the Policy Transfer Literature, Political Studies, Vol.44, Issue.2,
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- Etzioni-Halevy, E. (1983). Bureaucracy and Democracy: A Political Dilema, Boston Routledge & Kegan Paul
- Gan, H. (2008). Chinese Education Tradition: the Imperial Examination System in Feudal China. Journal of Management and Social Sciences, 4(2), 115-133.
- Güç, A. (2001). Konfüçyüsçülük'te Kutsal Metinler. Uludağ Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, Yıl: 2001 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1
- Gültekin, S. (2011). Kamu Politika Sürecinde Politika Yayılımı ve Yenilik Modeli. (Editör: A. Kaptı, Kamu Politika Süreci: Teorik Perspektifler (115-135). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık
- Haifeng, L. I. U. (2007). Influence of China’s Imperial Examinations on Japan, Korea and Vietnam. Frontiers of History in China, 2(4), 493-512.
- Han, Woo-Keun (1970). the History of Korea. Seoul: Euel-Yoo Publishing
- Kaçer, M. (2017). Çin Bürokrasi Sınavları: Patrimonyal Bürokraside Rasyonel Bir Gelenek. Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(2), 145-166
- Ko, K. H. (2017). A Brief History of Imperial Examination and Its Influences. Culture and Society, 54: 272–278.
- Lam, T. B. (2012). A Story of Vietnam. Outskirts Press.
- Lee, Ki-Baik, (2007). A New History of Korea. Translated By Edward W. Wagner, With Edward J. Shultz. Cambridge, Mass. Harvard University Press
- Lee, K. L. (2015). History of the Medical Licensing Examination (Uieop) in Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392). Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions, 12: 19
- Lee, N. H. (2015). Medical Licensing Examination (Uigwa) and the World of the Physician Officers (Uigwan) in Korea’s Joseon Dynasty. Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions, 12: 16
- Maschino, M. and Clair, G. K. St. (2009), Innovation and Diffusion of Performance Budgeting in the States, Annual Meeting of the Western Political Science Association, http://cppa.utah.edu/_documents/westernstatesbudgets/wpsa-09/issue-paper-innovation-diffusion-performance-budgeting.pdf
- Miyazaki, I. (1976). China's Examination Hell: the Civil Service Examinations of Imperial China. Yale University Press
- Meyer, M. W. (2014). Japonya Tarihi. (çev. Lizet Deadato), İstanbul: İnkılap Yayınevi
- Mooney, C. Z. (2001). Modeling Regional Effects on State Policy Diffusion, Political Research Quarterly, 54(1), 103-124.
- Nahm, A. C. (1993). Korea: Tradition & Transformation: A History of the Korean People. Korea: Hollym
- Pak, Tong-So (1986). Bureaucracy in Traditional Korean Society, Introduction to Korean Studies içinde. Seoul: the National Academy of Sciences
- Parkinson, C. N. (1984). Siyasal Düşüncenin Evrimi, (çev. Mehmet Harmancı), İstanbul: Remzi, 2. Baskı.
- Pham LH, Fry. G. (2004) Universities in Vietnam: Legacies, Challenges and Prospects. in: Altbach P, Umakoshi T (Eds.) Asian Universities: Historical Perspectives and Contemporary Challenges. Baltimore, Maryland: the Johns Hopkins Press, Pp. 301-332
- Peterson, M. (2009). A Brief History of Korea. Infobase Publishing
- Seth, M.J. (2006). A Concise History of Modern Korea: From the Neolithic Period Through the Nineteenth Century. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefeld Publishers, Inc.
- Shipan, C. R. and Volden C. (2012), Policy Diffusion: Seven Lessons for Scholars and Practitioners, Public Administration Review, Volume 72, Issue 6
- Têng, S. Y. (1943). Chinese Influence on the Western Examination System: I. Introduction. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 7(4), 267-312.
- http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2008/10/113_32184.html
- The Traditional Examination System, http://www.chinaknowledge.de
- Walker, J. L. (1969). the Diffusion of Innovations Among the American States, the American Political Science Review, Vol. 63, No.3, Pp. 880-899
- Wasserstrom, J. (2011). 21. Yüzyılda Çin, (çev. Hür Güldü), İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
- Weyland, K. (2005). Theories of Policy Diffusion. Lessons From Latin American Pension Reform, World Politics, 57(2):269–295.
- Wolfram, E. (1986). Uzak Doğu Tarihi. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi
- Woodside, A. (1988). Vietnam and the Chinese Model: A Comparative Study of Nguyễn and Chʾing Civil Government in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century, Harvard University Press.
Year 2018,
Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 718 - 736, 21.12.2018
Abstract
References
- Austin, S. (2013). China's Examination Hell: Video Lecture, Https://www.Youtube.Com/Watch?V=Dh5486n9lfs.
- Balazs, E. (1964). Chinese Civilization and Bureaucracy: Variations on A Theme. Yale University Press .
- Beasley, W. G. (2000). The Japanese Experience: A Short History of Japan. Univ. of California Press.
- Berry, F. S. and Berry, W. D. (2007), Innovation and Diffusion Models in Policy Research, Theories of the Policy Process, (Ed. Paul A. Sabatier), Colorado: Westview Pres
- Chan, R. K. (2018). Korea-China Relations in History and Contemporary Implications. Palgrave Macmillan
- Chen, T., Kung, J. K. & Ma, C. (2015).Institutions, Culture, and Human Capital in the Long Run Legacies of China’s Imperial Exam System, A Paper Prepared for the Warwick Summer Workshop in Economic Growth, Department of Economics, University of Warwick.
- Crawford, A. C. (2012). Customs and Culture of Vietnam. Tuttle Publishing.
- De Weerdt, H. (2007). Competition over Content: Negotiating Standards for the Civil Service Examinations in Imperial China (1127-1279) Harvard University Press.
- Dolowitz, D. and Marsh D. (1996), Who Learns What From Whom: A Review of the Policy Transfer Literature, Political Studies, Vol.44, Issue.2,
- Elman, B. A. (2009). Civil Service Examinations: Kējǔ. Berkshire Encyclopedia of China. Berkshire: Berkshire Publishing Group Llc.
- Etzioni-Halevy, E. (1983). Bureaucracy and Democracy: A Political Dilema, Boston Routledge & Kegan Paul
- Gan, H. (2008). Chinese Education Tradition: the Imperial Examination System in Feudal China. Journal of Management and Social Sciences, 4(2), 115-133.
- Güç, A. (2001). Konfüçyüsçülük'te Kutsal Metinler. Uludağ Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, Yıl: 2001 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1
- Gültekin, S. (2011). Kamu Politika Sürecinde Politika Yayılımı ve Yenilik Modeli. (Editör: A. Kaptı, Kamu Politika Süreci: Teorik Perspektifler (115-135). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık
- Haifeng, L. I. U. (2007). Influence of China’s Imperial Examinations on Japan, Korea and Vietnam. Frontiers of History in China, 2(4), 493-512.
- Han, Woo-Keun (1970). the History of Korea. Seoul: Euel-Yoo Publishing
- Kaçer, M. (2017). Çin Bürokrasi Sınavları: Patrimonyal Bürokraside Rasyonel Bir Gelenek. Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(2), 145-166
- Ko, K. H. (2017). A Brief History of Imperial Examination and Its Influences. Culture and Society, 54: 272–278.
- Lam, T. B. (2012). A Story of Vietnam. Outskirts Press.
- Lee, Ki-Baik, (2007). A New History of Korea. Translated By Edward W. Wagner, With Edward J. Shultz. Cambridge, Mass. Harvard University Press
- Lee, K. L. (2015). History of the Medical Licensing Examination (Uieop) in Korea’s Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392). Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions, 12: 19
- Lee, N. H. (2015). Medical Licensing Examination (Uigwa) and the World of the Physician Officers (Uigwan) in Korea’s Joseon Dynasty. Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions, 12: 16
- Maschino, M. and Clair, G. K. St. (2009), Innovation and Diffusion of Performance Budgeting in the States, Annual Meeting of the Western Political Science Association, http://cppa.utah.edu/_documents/westernstatesbudgets/wpsa-09/issue-paper-innovation-diffusion-performance-budgeting.pdf
- Miyazaki, I. (1976). China's Examination Hell: the Civil Service Examinations of Imperial China. Yale University Press
- Meyer, M. W. (2014). Japonya Tarihi. (çev. Lizet Deadato), İstanbul: İnkılap Yayınevi
- Mooney, C. Z. (2001). Modeling Regional Effects on State Policy Diffusion, Political Research Quarterly, 54(1), 103-124.
- Nahm, A. C. (1993). Korea: Tradition & Transformation: A History of the Korean People. Korea: Hollym
- Pak, Tong-So (1986). Bureaucracy in Traditional Korean Society, Introduction to Korean Studies içinde. Seoul: the National Academy of Sciences
- Parkinson, C. N. (1984). Siyasal Düşüncenin Evrimi, (çev. Mehmet Harmancı), İstanbul: Remzi, 2. Baskı.
- Pham LH, Fry. G. (2004) Universities in Vietnam: Legacies, Challenges and Prospects. in: Altbach P, Umakoshi T (Eds.) Asian Universities: Historical Perspectives and Contemporary Challenges. Baltimore, Maryland: the Johns Hopkins Press, Pp. 301-332
- Peterson, M. (2009). A Brief History of Korea. Infobase Publishing
- Seth, M.J. (2006). A Concise History of Modern Korea: From the Neolithic Period Through the Nineteenth Century. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefeld Publishers, Inc.
- Shipan, C. R. and Volden C. (2012), Policy Diffusion: Seven Lessons for Scholars and Practitioners, Public Administration Review, Volume 72, Issue 6
- Têng, S. Y. (1943). Chinese Influence on the Western Examination System: I. Introduction. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 7(4), 267-312.
- http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2008/10/113_32184.html
- The Traditional Examination System, http://www.chinaknowledge.de
- Walker, J. L. (1969). the Diffusion of Innovations Among the American States, the American Political Science Review, Vol. 63, No.3, Pp. 880-899
- Wasserstrom, J. (2011). 21. Yüzyılda Çin, (çev. Hür Güldü), İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
- Weyland, K. (2005). Theories of Policy Diffusion. Lessons From Latin American Pension Reform, World Politics, 57(2):269–295.
- Wolfram, E. (1986). Uzak Doğu Tarihi. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi
- Woodside, A. (1988). Vietnam and the Chinese Model: A Comparative Study of Nguyễn and Chʾing Civil Government in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century, Harvard University Press.
There are 41 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 21, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 7 Issue: 2 |
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