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The Analysis of Interjections in Two English Coursebooks

Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 1, 19 - 34, 22.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.52597/buje.1364919

Abstract

There has been a growing interest in the teaching of interjections in English, as interjections play an important role serving a bridge between verbal and non-verbal communication. However, interjections remain as an under-researched area in English language teaching (ELT). This study explores and compares the use and frequency of interjections in two English coursebooks. Yes You Can (written by non-native speakers of English and funded by the Turkish Ministry of Education) and Touchstone 2 (written by native speakers of English and published by Cambridge University Press) were chosen to collect data. A total of 97 dialogues were analysed. Although the findings indicated similarities between the two coursebooks regarding the functions and meanings of the interjections within the coursebooks, an obvious gap was observed between them regarding the diversity and amount of interjections integrated. The study offers suggestions to material developers, ELT teachers, language learners and authorities.

References

  • Aijmer, K. (2004). Interjections in a contrastive perspective. In E. Weigand (Ed.), Emotion in dialogic interaction: Advances in the complex (pp. 99–120). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Ameka, F. (1992). Interjections: The universal yet neglected part of speech. Journal of Pragmatics, 18, 101–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(92)90048-G
  • Ameka, F. (2006). Interjections. In K. Brown (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of language and linguistics (pp.743–746). Elsevier.
  • Ashdowne, R. (2008). Interjections and the prts of speech in the ancient grammarians. Henry Sweet Society for the History of Linguistic Ideas Bulletin, 50(1), 3–15.
  • Baydar Ertopcu, F., Inci, H., & Ozbicakci Samur, S. (2015). Yes You Can: Student`s Book A2.2 (4th ed.). Devlet Kitaplari.
  • Brown, G., & Yule, G. (1983). Teaching the spoken language: An approach based on the analysis of conversational English. Cambridge University Press.
  • Celce-Murcia, M. (2008). Rethinking the role of communicative competence in language teaching. In E. A. Soler & M. P. S. Jorda (Eds.), Intercultural language use and language learning (pp. 41–57). Springer.
  • Celce-Murcia, M., & Olshtain, E. (2000). Discourse and context in language teaching. Cambridge University Press.
  • Clark, A. (1998). Magic words: how language augments human computation. In P. Carruthers & J. Boucher (Eds.) Language and thought: interdisciplinary themes (pp. 21–39). Routledge.
  • Cutting, J. (2008). Pragmatics and discourse: A resource book for students (2nd ed.). Routledge.
  • Cruz, M. P. (2009). Towards an alternative relevance –theoretic approach to interjections. International Review of Pragmatics, 1, 182–206. https://doi.org/10.1163/187731009X455884
  • Cruz, M. P. (2010). Teaching interjections in the ESL/EFL class: A pragmatic approach. Estudios de Metodologla de la Lengua Inglesa, 5, 23–33.
  • Denizot, C. (2013). Interjections. In G. K. Giannakis (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of ancient Greek language and linguistics. Brill.
  • Drisko, J. W., & Maschi, T. (2016). Content analysis: Pocket guides to social work research methods. Oxford University Press.
  • Elkilic, G., & Genc, B. (2010). Turkish EFL Students Failure of the Use of Interjections Properly: The Example of Kafkas University. 2nd International Symposium on Sustainable Development.
  • Goddard, C. (2014). Interjections and emotion (with special reference to “surprise” and “disgust”). Emotion Review, 6(1), 53–63.
  • Goffman, E. (1981). Forms of talk. Basil Blackwell.
  • Gray, D. E. (2014). Doing research in the real world (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications Ltd.
  • Hismanoglu, M. (2010). Interjections in English: Neglected but important aspect of foreign language learning and teaching. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education, 6(1), 17–35.
  • Mao, A. M. (2017). Conceptuality and context-sensitivity of emotive interjections. Open Journal of Modern Linguistics, 7(1), 41–51. DOI: 10.4236/ojml.2017.71004
  • Meinard, M. E. M. (2015). Distinguishing onomatopoeias from interjections. Journal of Pragmatics, 76, 150–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2014.11.011
  • Miller, J. E., Miller, J., & Weinert, R. (1998). Spontaneous spoken language: Syntax and discourse. Oxford University Press.
  • Mishan, F. (2005). Designing authenticity into language learning materials. Intellect Books.
  • Mishan, F., & Timmis, I. (2015). Materials development for TESOL. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Mushin, I., Blythe, J., Dahmen, J., De Dear, C., Gardner, R., Possemato, F., & Stirling, L. (2023). Towards an interactional grammar of interjections: Expressing compassion in four Australian languages. Australian Journal of Linguistics, 43(2), 158–189.
  • Nakatani, Y. (2005). The effects of awareness‐raising training on oral communication ctrategy use. The Modern Language Journal, 89(1), 76–91. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3588552
  • Neuendorf, K. A. (2017). The content analysis guidebook. SAGE Publications.
  • Norrick, N. R. (2007). Discussion article: Pragmatic markers, interjections and discourse. Catalan Journal of Linguistics, 6, 159–168. https://raco.cat/index.php/CatalanJournal/article/view/74215
  • Norrick, N. R. (2009). Interjections as pragmatic markers. Journal of Pragmatics. 41, 866–891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2008.08.005
  • Oxford Dictionaries (2012). The world`s most trusted dictionaries. Oxford University Press.
  • Paksoy, E., & Harmaoglu, O. (2017). Corpus based authenticity analysis of language teaching course Books. International Journal of Languages` Education and Teaching, 5(4), 287–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.18298/ijlet.2324
  • Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research and evaluation methods (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
  • Persembe, E., Bulug, N., & Eroglu Canmetin, Z. Z. (2015). Yes you can: Student`s book A2.3 (4th ed.). Devlet Kitaplari.
  • Petrova, K. (2020). Interjections and L2 learning and teaching. Linguística: Revista de Estudos Linguísticos da Universidade do Porto, 1, 323–336.
  • Ponsonnet, M. (2023). Interjections. In C. Bowern (Ed.), The Oxford guide to Australian languages, (pp. 564–572). Oxford University Press.
  • Reber, E. (2011). Interjections in the EFL classroom: teaching sounds and sequences. ELT Journal, 65(4), 365–375. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccq070
  • Sahragard, R., Mavaddat, R., Bayani, S. R., & Safavian, M. (2014). Investigating the implementation of interjections in three current EFL coursebooks. Procedia- Social and Behavioural Sciences, 98, 1621–1630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.586
  • Slaouti, D., McDonough, J., Shaw, C., & Masuhara, H. (2013). Technology in ELT. In J. McDonough, C. Shaw, H. Masuraha (Eds.), Materials and methods in ELT: A teacher's guide (3rd ed.), (pp. 79–105). John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  • Stivers, T. (2019) How we manage social relationships through answers to questions: The case of interjections. Discourse Processes, 56(3), 191–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/0163853X.2018.1441214
  • Talandis Jr, G., & Stout, M. (2015). Getting EFL students to speak: An action research approach. ELT Journal, 69(1), 11–25. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccu037
  • Thomas, G. (2013). How to do your research project (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Thompson, A. (2022). Interjections in spoken ELF interactions. In I. Walkinshaw (Eds.), Pragmatics in English as a Lingua Franca: Findings and Developments, (pp.147–163). Walter de Gruyter, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501512520
  • Wharton, T. (2003). Interjections, language, and the “showing/saying” continuum. Pragmatics & Cognition, 11(1), 39–91. https://doi.org/10.1075/pc.11.1.04wha
  • Wharton, T. (2009). Pragmatics and non-verbal communication. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511635649
  • Wierzbicka, A. (1992). The semantics of interjection. Journal of Pragmatics, 18(2-3), 159–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(92)90050-L
  • Wilkins, D. P. (1992). Interjections as deictics. Journal of Pragmatics, 18, 119–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(92)90049-H

İki İngilizce Ders Kitabında Yer Verilen Ünlem İfadelerinin Analizi

Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 1, 19 - 34, 22.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.52597/buje.1364919

Abstract

İngilizcede ünlem ifadelerinin öğretilmesi konusuna artan bir ilgi vardır, çünkü ünlem ifadeleri sözlü ve sözsüz iletişim arasında bir köprü görevi görerek önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Fakat, İngilizce dili öğretiminde (ELT) ünlem ifadeleri yeterince araştırılmamış bir alan olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu çalışma, iki İngilizce ders kitabındaki (orta seviyeye tekabül eden) ünlem ifadelerinin kullanımını ve sıklığını araştırıp ve karşılaştırmıştır. Veri toplamak için Yes You Can (anadili İngilizce olmayan kişiler tarafından yazılmış ve Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından finanse edilmiştir) ve Touchstone 2 (anadili İngilizce olan kişiler tarafından yazılmış ve Cambridge University Press tarafından yayınlanmıştır) seçilmiştir. Toplamda 97 diyalog analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, ders kitaplarında öğretilen/kullanılan ünlem ifadelerinin işlevleri ve anlamları açısından iki ders kitabı arasında bazı benzerlikler olduğunu gösterse de, entegre edilen ünlem ifadelerinin çeşitliliği ve miktarı açısından bu ders kitapları arasında bariz bir fark gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışma materyal geliştirenlere, ELT öğretmenlerine, dil öğrenenlere ve yetkililere öneriler sunmaktadır.

References

  • Aijmer, K. (2004). Interjections in a contrastive perspective. In E. Weigand (Ed.), Emotion in dialogic interaction: Advances in the complex (pp. 99–120). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Ameka, F. (1992). Interjections: The universal yet neglected part of speech. Journal of Pragmatics, 18, 101–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(92)90048-G
  • Ameka, F. (2006). Interjections. In K. Brown (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of language and linguistics (pp.743–746). Elsevier.
  • Ashdowne, R. (2008). Interjections and the prts of speech in the ancient grammarians. Henry Sweet Society for the History of Linguistic Ideas Bulletin, 50(1), 3–15.
  • Baydar Ertopcu, F., Inci, H., & Ozbicakci Samur, S. (2015). Yes You Can: Student`s Book A2.2 (4th ed.). Devlet Kitaplari.
  • Brown, G., & Yule, G. (1983). Teaching the spoken language: An approach based on the analysis of conversational English. Cambridge University Press.
  • Celce-Murcia, M. (2008). Rethinking the role of communicative competence in language teaching. In E. A. Soler & M. P. S. Jorda (Eds.), Intercultural language use and language learning (pp. 41–57). Springer.
  • Celce-Murcia, M., & Olshtain, E. (2000). Discourse and context in language teaching. Cambridge University Press.
  • Clark, A. (1998). Magic words: how language augments human computation. In P. Carruthers & J. Boucher (Eds.) Language and thought: interdisciplinary themes (pp. 21–39). Routledge.
  • Cutting, J. (2008). Pragmatics and discourse: A resource book for students (2nd ed.). Routledge.
  • Cruz, M. P. (2009). Towards an alternative relevance –theoretic approach to interjections. International Review of Pragmatics, 1, 182–206. https://doi.org/10.1163/187731009X455884
  • Cruz, M. P. (2010). Teaching interjections in the ESL/EFL class: A pragmatic approach. Estudios de Metodologla de la Lengua Inglesa, 5, 23–33.
  • Denizot, C. (2013). Interjections. In G. K. Giannakis (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of ancient Greek language and linguistics. Brill.
  • Drisko, J. W., & Maschi, T. (2016). Content analysis: Pocket guides to social work research methods. Oxford University Press.
  • Elkilic, G., & Genc, B. (2010). Turkish EFL Students Failure of the Use of Interjections Properly: The Example of Kafkas University. 2nd International Symposium on Sustainable Development.
  • Goddard, C. (2014). Interjections and emotion (with special reference to “surprise” and “disgust”). Emotion Review, 6(1), 53–63.
  • Goffman, E. (1981). Forms of talk. Basil Blackwell.
  • Gray, D. E. (2014). Doing research in the real world (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications Ltd.
  • Hismanoglu, M. (2010). Interjections in English: Neglected but important aspect of foreign language learning and teaching. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education, 6(1), 17–35.
  • Mao, A. M. (2017). Conceptuality and context-sensitivity of emotive interjections. Open Journal of Modern Linguistics, 7(1), 41–51. DOI: 10.4236/ojml.2017.71004
  • Meinard, M. E. M. (2015). Distinguishing onomatopoeias from interjections. Journal of Pragmatics, 76, 150–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2014.11.011
  • Miller, J. E., Miller, J., & Weinert, R. (1998). Spontaneous spoken language: Syntax and discourse. Oxford University Press.
  • Mishan, F. (2005). Designing authenticity into language learning materials. Intellect Books.
  • Mishan, F., & Timmis, I. (2015). Materials development for TESOL. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Mushin, I., Blythe, J., Dahmen, J., De Dear, C., Gardner, R., Possemato, F., & Stirling, L. (2023). Towards an interactional grammar of interjections: Expressing compassion in four Australian languages. Australian Journal of Linguistics, 43(2), 158–189.
  • Nakatani, Y. (2005). The effects of awareness‐raising training on oral communication ctrategy use. The Modern Language Journal, 89(1), 76–91. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3588552
  • Neuendorf, K. A. (2017). The content analysis guidebook. SAGE Publications.
  • Norrick, N. R. (2007). Discussion article: Pragmatic markers, interjections and discourse. Catalan Journal of Linguistics, 6, 159–168. https://raco.cat/index.php/CatalanJournal/article/view/74215
  • Norrick, N. R. (2009). Interjections as pragmatic markers. Journal of Pragmatics. 41, 866–891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2008.08.005
  • Oxford Dictionaries (2012). The world`s most trusted dictionaries. Oxford University Press.
  • Paksoy, E., & Harmaoglu, O. (2017). Corpus based authenticity analysis of language teaching course Books. International Journal of Languages` Education and Teaching, 5(4), 287–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.18298/ijlet.2324
  • Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research and evaluation methods (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
  • Persembe, E., Bulug, N., & Eroglu Canmetin, Z. Z. (2015). Yes you can: Student`s book A2.3 (4th ed.). Devlet Kitaplari.
  • Petrova, K. (2020). Interjections and L2 learning and teaching. Linguística: Revista de Estudos Linguísticos da Universidade do Porto, 1, 323–336.
  • Ponsonnet, M. (2023). Interjections. In C. Bowern (Ed.), The Oxford guide to Australian languages, (pp. 564–572). Oxford University Press.
  • Reber, E. (2011). Interjections in the EFL classroom: teaching sounds and sequences. ELT Journal, 65(4), 365–375. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccq070
  • Sahragard, R., Mavaddat, R., Bayani, S. R., & Safavian, M. (2014). Investigating the implementation of interjections in three current EFL coursebooks. Procedia- Social and Behavioural Sciences, 98, 1621–1630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.586
  • Slaouti, D., McDonough, J., Shaw, C., & Masuhara, H. (2013). Technology in ELT. In J. McDonough, C. Shaw, H. Masuraha (Eds.), Materials and methods in ELT: A teacher's guide (3rd ed.), (pp. 79–105). John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  • Stivers, T. (2019) How we manage social relationships through answers to questions: The case of interjections. Discourse Processes, 56(3), 191–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/0163853X.2018.1441214
  • Talandis Jr, G., & Stout, M. (2015). Getting EFL students to speak: An action research approach. ELT Journal, 69(1), 11–25. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccu037
  • Thomas, G. (2013). How to do your research project (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Thompson, A. (2022). Interjections in spoken ELF interactions. In I. Walkinshaw (Eds.), Pragmatics in English as a Lingua Franca: Findings and Developments, (pp.147–163). Walter de Gruyter, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501512520
  • Wharton, T. (2003). Interjections, language, and the “showing/saying” continuum. Pragmatics & Cognition, 11(1), 39–91. https://doi.org/10.1075/pc.11.1.04wha
  • Wharton, T. (2009). Pragmatics and non-verbal communication. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511635649
  • Wierzbicka, A. (1992). The semantics of interjection. Journal of Pragmatics, 18(2-3), 159–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(92)90050-L
  • Wilkins, D. P. (1992). Interjections as deictics. Journal of Pragmatics, 18, 119–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(92)90049-H
There are 46 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Language Studies (Other)
Journal Section Original Articles
Authors

Zeynep Bütün Ikwuegbu 0000-0001-5472-1178

Publication Date April 22, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 41 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Bütün Ikwuegbu, Z. (2024). The Analysis of Interjections in Two English Coursebooks. Bogazici University Journal of Education, 41(1), 19-34. https://doi.org/10.52597/buje.1364919