Abstract
Bu çalışma Türkiye siyasetinin yeni partilerini ve bu partilerin seçim sonuçlarını ele almaktadır. Yeni parti tipleri arasında yapılacak ayrım, bu partilerin seçim sonuçlarının incelenmesi noktasında oldukça önemlidir. Aynı şekilde, seçim sistemi, parti sistemi gibi faktörler de yeni partilerin seçim sonuçları üzerinde belirleyici olmaktadır. Türkiye siyaseti hem yeni parti tipolojileri hem de seçim sonuçlarını etkileyen faktörler açısından zengin bir içeriğe sahiptir. Bu bağlamda Türkiye siyasetinde yeni partilerin seçim sonuçlarını etkileyen en önemli faktörün seçim sistemi olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Bununla birlikte seçim piyasası başarısızlığı, büyük seçim çevresi gibi faktörlerin de etkisi söz konusudur. Ayrıca Türkiye’nin genel seçimleri incelendiğinde halef ve bölünme partilerinin diğer yeni parti tiplerine göre daha başarılı olduğu görülmektedir.
Keywords
Bölünme Partileri Halef Partileri Birleşme Partileri Gerçek Yeni Parti Türkiye'de Yeni Partiler
References
- ARTER, David (2012), "Analysing ‘Successor Parties': The Case of the True Finns", West European Politics, 35 (4), ss.803-825.
- BARNEA, Shlomit ve RAHAT Gideon (2011), " 'Out with the old, in with the ‘‘new’’’: What constitutes a new party?", Party Politics, 17 (3), ss. 275-301.
- BİRCH, Sarah (2003), Electoral Systems and Political Transformation in Post-Communist Europe, New York, Palgrave Macmillan.
- BOLİN, Niklas (2014), " New party parliamentary entry in Western Europe, 1960-2010", European Journal of Government and Economics, 3 (1), ss.5-23.
- CHİRU, Mihail vd. (2020), "Political opportunity structures and the parliamentary entry of splinter, merger, and genuinely new parties", Politics, ss.1-18.
- ÇAKIR, Ruşen (1994), Ne Şeriat Ne Demokrasi Refah Partisini Anlamak, İstanbul, Metis Yayınları.
- ÇAKMAK, Diren (2008), "Türk Siyasal Yaşamında Bir Muhalefet Partisi Örneği: Hürriyet Partisi (1955-1958)", Gazi Akademik Bakış, 2 (3), ss. 153-186.
- ÇELİK, Aziz (2014), "1950’lerin Unutulan (Demokrat) İşçi Partisi ve Onun Üç Sisyphus’u", Çalışma ve Toplum, 2014 (2), ss. 31-62.
- ÇİÇEK, Atıl C. Vd. (2017), "Gelenekle Sol Arasında Sıkışmış Bir Siyasal Hareket: (Türkiye) Birlik Partisi", SİYASAL: Journal of Political Sciences, 26(2), ss. 27–52.
- DEMİRKOL, Özhan (2014), Why Do Political Parties Split? Understanding Party Splits And Formation Of Splinter Parties In Turkey, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi Ekonomi ve Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Ankara.
- EMANUELE, Vincenzo ve CHİAROMONTE, Alessandro (2016), "A growing impact of new parties: Myth or reality? Party system innovation in Western Europe after 1945", Party Politics, 24 (5), ss.475-487.
- HARMEL, Robert (1985), "On the Study of New Parties", International Political Science Review, 6 (4), ss.403-418.
- HARMEL, Robert ve ROBERTSON John D. (1985), "Formation and Success of New Parties: A Cross-National Analysis", International Political Science Review, 6 (4), ss.501-523.
- HUG, Simon (2001), Altering Party Systems Strategic Behavior and the Emergence of New Political Parties in Western Democracies, Ann Arbor, The University Of Michigan Press.
- ISHIYAMA, John T. (1998), "Strange bedfellows: explaining political cooperation between communist successor parties and nationalists in Eastern Europe", Nations and Nationalism, 4 (1), ss.61-85.
- İBENSKAS, Raimondas (2016), "Marriages of Convenience: Explaining Party Mergers in Europe", The Journal Of Politics, 78 (2).
- İBENSKAS, Raimondas (2020), "Electoral competition after party splits", Political Science Research and Methods, 2020 (8), ss.45-59.
- LAGO, Ignacio ve MARTÍNEZ, Ferran (2011), "Why new parties?" Party Politics, 17(1), ss.3–20.
- LUCARDİE, Paul (2000), "Prophets, purifiers and prolocutors: Towards a theory on the emergence of new parties", Party Politics, 6 (2), ss.175-185.
- MAİNWARİNG, Scott vd. (2017), "Extra- and within-system electoral volatility", Party Politics, 23 (6), ss.623-635.
- ORDESHOOK, Peter C. ve SHEVETSOVA Olga V. (1994), "Ethnic heterogeneity, district magnitude, and the number of parties", American Journal of Political Science, 38 (1), ss.100-123.
- POWELL, Eleanor N. ve TUCKER, Joshua A. (2013), "Revisiting Electoral Volatility in Post-Communist Countries: New Data, New Results and New Approaches", British Journal of Political Science, 44 (1), ss. 123-147.
- SIKK, Allan (2005), "How unstable? Volatility and the genuinely new parties in Eastern Europe", European Journal of Political Research, 44 (1), ss. 391-412.
- TAAGEPERA, Rein (1998), "Effective Magnitude and Effective Threshold", Electoral Studies, 17 (4), ss.393-404.
- TAVİTS, Margit (2006), "Party System Change", Party Politics, 12 (1), ss. 99-119.
- TÜRK, Hikmet S. (2006), "Seçim, Seçim Sistemleri ve Anayasal Tercih", Anayasa Yargısı, 22 (1), ss. 75-113.
- WILLEY, Joseph (1998), "Institutional Arrangements and the Success of New Parties in Old Democracies", Political Studies, 46 (3), ss.651-668.
- YÜKSEK SEÇİM KURULU, Milletvekili Genel Seçim Arşivi, Erişim Adresi: https://www.ysk.gov.tr/tr/milletvekili-genel-secim-arsivi/2644. ZARİSKİ, Raphael (1960), "Party Factions and Comparative Politics: Some Preliminary Observations", Midwest Journal of Political Science, 4 (1), ss.27-51.
- ZONS, Gregor (2015), "The influence of programmatic diversity on the formation of new political parties", Party Politics, 21(6), ss.919–929.
Abstract
This study treats the new parties of Turkish politics and electoral success of these parties. The distinction to be made between new party types is very important in examining the election results of these parties. Likewise, factors such as the electoral system and party system are also influence on the election results of new parties. Turkish politics has rich content in terms of new party typologies and factors that affects election results. In this context, it is possible to say that the electoral system is the most important factor affecting on election results of new parties. However, factors such as electoral market failure and larger district magnitude also have an impact. Also, when Turkey's general elections are examined it is seen that the splinter and successor parties are more successful than other new party types.
Keywords
Splinter Parties Successor Parties Merger Parties Genuinely New Parties New Parties of Turkey
References
- ARTER, David (2012), "Analysing ‘Successor Parties': The Case of the True Finns", West European Politics, 35 (4), ss.803-825.
- BARNEA, Shlomit ve RAHAT Gideon (2011), " 'Out with the old, in with the ‘‘new’’’: What constitutes a new party?", Party Politics, 17 (3), ss. 275-301.
- BİRCH, Sarah (2003), Electoral Systems and Political Transformation in Post-Communist Europe, New York, Palgrave Macmillan.
- BOLİN, Niklas (2014), " New party parliamentary entry in Western Europe, 1960-2010", European Journal of Government and Economics, 3 (1), ss.5-23.
- CHİRU, Mihail vd. (2020), "Political opportunity structures and the parliamentary entry of splinter, merger, and genuinely new parties", Politics, ss.1-18.
- ÇAKIR, Ruşen (1994), Ne Şeriat Ne Demokrasi Refah Partisini Anlamak, İstanbul, Metis Yayınları.
- ÇAKMAK, Diren (2008), "Türk Siyasal Yaşamında Bir Muhalefet Partisi Örneği: Hürriyet Partisi (1955-1958)", Gazi Akademik Bakış, 2 (3), ss. 153-186.
- ÇELİK, Aziz (2014), "1950’lerin Unutulan (Demokrat) İşçi Partisi ve Onun Üç Sisyphus’u", Çalışma ve Toplum, 2014 (2), ss. 31-62.
- ÇİÇEK, Atıl C. Vd. (2017), "Gelenekle Sol Arasında Sıkışmış Bir Siyasal Hareket: (Türkiye) Birlik Partisi", SİYASAL: Journal of Political Sciences, 26(2), ss. 27–52.
- DEMİRKOL, Özhan (2014), Why Do Political Parties Split? Understanding Party Splits And Formation Of Splinter Parties In Turkey, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi Ekonomi ve Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Ankara.
- EMANUELE, Vincenzo ve CHİAROMONTE, Alessandro (2016), "A growing impact of new parties: Myth or reality? Party system innovation in Western Europe after 1945", Party Politics, 24 (5), ss.475-487.
- HARMEL, Robert (1985), "On the Study of New Parties", International Political Science Review, 6 (4), ss.403-418.
- HARMEL, Robert ve ROBERTSON John D. (1985), "Formation and Success of New Parties: A Cross-National Analysis", International Political Science Review, 6 (4), ss.501-523.
- HUG, Simon (2001), Altering Party Systems Strategic Behavior and the Emergence of New Political Parties in Western Democracies, Ann Arbor, The University Of Michigan Press.
- ISHIYAMA, John T. (1998), "Strange bedfellows: explaining political cooperation between communist successor parties and nationalists in Eastern Europe", Nations and Nationalism, 4 (1), ss.61-85.
- İBENSKAS, Raimondas (2016), "Marriages of Convenience: Explaining Party Mergers in Europe", The Journal Of Politics, 78 (2).
- İBENSKAS, Raimondas (2020), "Electoral competition after party splits", Political Science Research and Methods, 2020 (8), ss.45-59.
- LAGO, Ignacio ve MARTÍNEZ, Ferran (2011), "Why new parties?" Party Politics, 17(1), ss.3–20.
- LUCARDİE, Paul (2000), "Prophets, purifiers and prolocutors: Towards a theory on the emergence of new parties", Party Politics, 6 (2), ss.175-185.
- MAİNWARİNG, Scott vd. (2017), "Extra- and within-system electoral volatility", Party Politics, 23 (6), ss.623-635.
- ORDESHOOK, Peter C. ve SHEVETSOVA Olga V. (1994), "Ethnic heterogeneity, district magnitude, and the number of parties", American Journal of Political Science, 38 (1), ss.100-123.
- POWELL, Eleanor N. ve TUCKER, Joshua A. (2013), "Revisiting Electoral Volatility in Post-Communist Countries: New Data, New Results and New Approaches", British Journal of Political Science, 44 (1), ss. 123-147.
- SIKK, Allan (2005), "How unstable? Volatility and the genuinely new parties in Eastern Europe", European Journal of Political Research, 44 (1), ss. 391-412.
- TAAGEPERA, Rein (1998), "Effective Magnitude and Effective Threshold", Electoral Studies, 17 (4), ss.393-404.
- TAVİTS, Margit (2006), "Party System Change", Party Politics, 12 (1), ss. 99-119.
- TÜRK, Hikmet S. (2006), "Seçim, Seçim Sistemleri ve Anayasal Tercih", Anayasa Yargısı, 22 (1), ss. 75-113.
- WILLEY, Joseph (1998), "Institutional Arrangements and the Success of New Parties in Old Democracies", Political Studies, 46 (3), ss.651-668.
- YÜKSEK SEÇİM KURULU, Milletvekili Genel Seçim Arşivi, Erişim Adresi: https://www.ysk.gov.tr/tr/milletvekili-genel-secim-arsivi/2644. ZARİSKİ, Raphael (1960), "Party Factions and Comparative Politics: Some Preliminary Observations", Midwest Journal of Political Science, 4 (1), ss.27-51.
- ZONS, Gregor (2015), "The influence of programmatic diversity on the formation of new political parties", Party Politics, 21(6), ss.919–929.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Political Science |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 27, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021Issue: 21 |
