Geotekstil, Geogrid ve Çelik Şerit Donatılı Şevlerde Modelleme Çalışması

Burak Evirgen; Mustafa Tuncan; Ahmet Tuncan

doi:10.21605/cukurovaummfd.383447

Research Article

Modelling Study on the Geotextile, Geogrid and Steel Strip Reinforced Slopes

Year 2017, Volume: 32 Issue: 4, 227 - 240, 15.12.2017

Burak Evirgen Mustafa Tuncan Ahmet Tuncan

https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaummfd.383447

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Changing the natural conditions of soil creates unexpected stress
increments in slope stability projects, which are required high amount of soil excavation
near the highways and railways or braced cut systems. Some safety problems can
occur during this application under different loading cases. In addition, slope
stability design requires economical solutions. Slope-supporting structures
should be designed with most effective solution according to these signified
requirements. A slope stability problem considering deep excavations in front
of the reinforced soils are studied within this study in all its parts, after
an extensive review of the literature. Geotextile (GT), geogrid (GG) and steel
strip (SS) reinforcements are used to increase the stability conditions of
slope during both experimental procedure and modelling process with Plaxis
software. Each reinforcement type provided the bearing capacity enhancement and
showed that unique displacement behavior. Therefore, most effective
reinforcement member can be chosen in design procedure and construction phase
in the site according to the bearing capacity and displacement requirements
according to presented values.

Keywords

Slope stability, Reinforced slope, Geotextile, Geogrid, -Steel strip

References

1. Das, B.M., 1984. Principles of foundation engineering. Brooks/Cole Engineering Division, Monterey, California, 498.
2. Vidal, H., 1966. La terre armée. Annales de L’Institute Technique du Batiment et des Travaux Publics., 223-224, 888-938.
3. Bathurst, R. J., Simac, M. R., 1994. Geosynthetic Reinforced Segmental Retaining Wall Structures in North America, Keynote Lecture Reprint. Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products, Singapore, 1-41.
4. Miyata, Y., Bathurst, R.J., 2012. Measured and Predicted Loads in Steel Strip Reinforced c– Soil Walls in Japan. Soil Found., 52(1), 1-17.
5. ASTM D4439–15a, 2015. Standard Terminology for Geosynthetics. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
6. Juran, I., Christopher, B., 1989. Laboratory Model Study on Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Retaining Walls. J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 115, (2), 905-926.
7. DeMerchant, M.R., Valsangkar, A.J., Schriver, A.B., 2002. Plate Load Tests on Geogrid-reinforced Expanded Shale Lightweight Aggregate. Geotext. Geomembr., 20, 173-190.
8. Yıldız, L., 2005. Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundation on Geogrid-reinforced Slope. Master Dissertation, Cukurova University Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Adana.
9. Bathurst, R.J., Nernheim, A., Allen, T.M., 2009. Predicted Loads in Steel Reinforced Soil Walls using the AASHTO Simplified Method. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., ASCE, 135(2), 177-184.
10. Palmeira, E.M., 2009. Soil–geosynthetic Interaction: Modelling and Analysis. Geotext. Geomembr., 27, 368-390.
11. Lin, Y.L., Li, X.X., Zhang, M.X., 2014. Effect of Reinforcement form on the Pullout Resistance of Reinforced Sand. Ground Improvement and Geosynthetics, ASCE, GSP238, 380-388.
12. Indraratna, B., Nimbalkar, S., Rujikiatkamjorn, C., 2014. From Theory to Practice in Track Geomechanics-Australian Perspective for Synthetic Inclusions. Transp. Geotech., 1, 171-187.
13. Latha, G.M., Santhanakumar, P., 2015. Seismic Response of Reduced-scale Modular Block and Rigid Faced Reinforced Walls Through Shaking Table Tests. Geotext. Geomembr., 43, 307-316.
14. Gonzalez-Torre, I., Calzada-Perez, M.A., Vega-Zamanillo, A., Castro-Fresno, D., 2015. Experimental Study of the Behaviour of Different Geosynthetics as Anti-reflective Cracking Systems using a Combined-load Fatigue Test. Geotext. Geomembr., 43, 345-350.
15. Suzuki, M., Shimura, N., Fukumura, T., Yoneda, O., Tasaka, Y., 2015. Seismic Performance of Reinforced Soil Wall with Untreated and Cement-treated Soils as Backfill using a 1-g Shaking Table. Soil Found., 55(3), 626-636.
16. Costa, C.M.L., Zornberg, J.G., Bueno, B.S., Costa, Y.D.J., 2016. Centrifuge Evaluation of the Time-dependent Behavior of Geotextile-reinforced Soil Walls. Geotext. Geomembr., 44, 188-200.
17. Balakrishnan, S., Viswanadham, B.V.S., 2016. Performance Evaluation of Geogrid Reinforced Soil Walls with Marginal Backfills Through Centrifuge Model Tests. Geotext. Geomembr., 44, 95-108.
18. Xiao, C., Han, J., Zhang, Z., 2016. Experimental Study on Performance of Geosynthetic-reinforced Soil Model Walls on Rigid Foundations Subjected to Static Footing Loading. Geotext. Geomembr. 44, 81-94.
19. Lal, D., Sankar, N., Chandrakaran, S., 2017. Effect of Reinforcement Form on the Behaviour of Coir Geotextile Reinforced Sand Beds. Soil Found., 57(2), 227-236.
20. Al-Rkaby, A.H.J., Chegenizadeh, A., Nikraz, H.R., 2017. Anisotropic Strength of Large Scale Geogrid-reinforced Sand: Experimental Study. Soil Found., 57(4), 557-574.
21. Richardson, G.N., 1995. Lessons Learned from the Failure of a Geotextile Reinforced Retaining Wall Facing. http://www.smithgardnerinc.com/docs/.
22. Kim, Y-S., Won, M-S., 2006. Deformation Behaviors of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Walls on Shallow Weak Ground. Soil Stress-Strain Behavior: Measurement, Modeling and Analysis Geotechnical Symposium in Roma, Italy, 819-830.
23. Stuedlein, A.W., Bailey, M., Lindquist, D. Sankey, J., Neely, W.J., 2010. Design and Performance of a 46-m-high MSE Wall. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., ASCE, 136(6), 786-796.
24. Yonezawa, T., Yamazaki, T., Tateyama, M., Tatsuoka, F., 2014. Design and Construction of Geosynthetic-reinforced Soil Structures for Hokkaido High-speed Train Line. Transp. Geotech., 1, 3-20.
25. Liu, S., Lu, Y., Weng, L., Bai, F., 2015. Field Study of Treatment for Expansive Soil/rock Channel Slope with Soilbags. Geotext. Geomembr., 43, 283-292.
26. Jones, J.C.F.P., 1988. Earth Reinforcement and Soil Structures, Revised Reprint. Butterworth Advance Series in Geotechnical Engineering, Anchor Brendon Ltd, Tiptree, Essex.
27. Yılmaz, H.R., Aklık, P., 2002. Geotekstil veya Geogrid Kullanılarak Oluşturulan Dayanma Yapılarında Sağlanabilen Ekonomi Hakkında Bir İnceleme. 9th National Conference of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Eskisehir, 312-321.
28. Allen, T.M., Bathurst, R.J., Holtz, R.D., Lee, W.F., Walters, D., 2004. New Method for Prediction of Loads in Steel Reinforced Soil Walls. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., ASCE, 130(11), 1109-1120.
29. Hatami, K., Bathurst, R.J., 2006. Numerical Model for Reinforced Soil Segmental Walls Under Surcharge Loading. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., ASCE, 132(6), 673-684.
30. Lin, Y.L., Li, X.X., Zhang, M.X., 2010. Limit Analysis of Reinforced Soil Slopes Based on Composite Reinforcement Mechanism. Ground Improvement and Geosynthetics, ASCE, GSP207, 59-64.
31. Gu, J., 2011. Computational Modeling of Geogrid Reinforced Soil Foundation and Geogrid Reinforced Base in Flexible Pavement. Ph.D. Dissertation, Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University.
32. Damians, I.P., Bathurst, R.J., Josa, A., Lloret, A., Albuquerque, P.J.R., 2013. Vertical-facing Loads in Steel-reinforced Soil Walls. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., ASCE, 139(9), 1419-1432.
33. Yu, X., Pradhan, A., 2014. Study of Geogrid Reinforcement using Two Dimensional Discrete Element Method. Ground Improvement and Geosynthetics, ASCE, GSP238, 299-311.
34. Hou, J., Zhang, M.X., Zhang, T.T., 2014. Comparison of Strip-reinforced with H-V Reinforced Foundation using FEM. Ground Improvement and Geosynthetics, ASCE, GSP238, 404-413.
35. Yu, Y., Bathurst, R.J., Miyata, Y., 2015. Numerical Analysis of a Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall Reinforced with Steel Strips. Soil Found., 55(3), 536-547.
36. Carbone, L., Gourc, J.B., Carrubba, P., Pavanello, P., Moraci, N., 2015. Dry Friction Behaviour of a Geosynthetic Interface using Inclined Plane and Shaking Table Tests. Geotext. Geomembr., 43, 293-306.
37. Allen, T.M., Bathurst, R.J., 2015. Improved Simplified Method for Prediction of Loads in Reinforced Soil Walls. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., ASCE, 141(11), 04015049-1-14.
38. Liu, H., 2015. Reinforcement Load and Compression of Reinforced Soil Mass under Surcharge Loading. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., ASCE, 141(6), 04015017-1-10.
39. Damians, I.P., Bathurst, R.J., Josa, A., Lloret, A., 2015. Numerical Analysis of an Instrumented Steel-reinforced Soil Wall. Int. J. Geomech., ASCE, 15(1), 04014037-1-15.
40. Gao, Y., Yang, S., Zhang, F., Leshchinsky, B., 2016. Three-dimensional Reinforced Slopes: Evaluation of Required Reinforcement Strength and Embedment Length using Limit Analysis. Geotext. Geomembr., 44, 133-142.
41. ASTM D6637/D6637M–15, 2015. Standard Test Method for Determining Tensile Properties of Geogrids by the Single or Multi-rib Tensile Method. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
42. ASTM D4533/D4533M–15, 2015. Standard test Method or Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geotextiles. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
43. ASTM E8/E8M–15a, 2015. Standard test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
44. FHWA-RD-89-04, 1990. Reinforced Soil Structures Volume I. Design and Construction Guidelines. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration, Virginia, United States.
45. FHWA-HRT-14-094, 2015. Synthesis of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) Design Topics. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration, Virginia, United States.
46. Sun, C., Graves, C., 2013. Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) Walls Design Guidance. University of Kentucky Transportation Center.
47. Miyata, Y., Bathurst, R.J., 2012. Reliability Analysis of Soil-geogrid Pullout Models in Japan. Soil Found., 52(4), 620-633.
48. Wu, Y., Prakash, S., 1999. Effect of Submergence on Seismic Displacement of Rigid Walls. Second International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical and Soil Dynamics, Lisbon, 277-289.
49. JRA, 1996. Seismic Design Specifications and Construction of Highway Bridges. Japan Road Association.
50. NGG, 2005. Nordic Guidelines for Reinforced Soils and Fills. Nordic Geosynthetic Group, www.sgf.net.
51. PWRC, 2000. Design and Construction Manual of Geosynthetics Reinforced Soil, Revised Version. Public Works Research Center, Tsukuba, Japan.
52. NCMA, 2009. Design Manual for Segmental Retaining Walls, 3rd ed. National Concrete Masonry Association, Herndon, VA, USA.
53. Özdemir, B., Evirgen, B., Tuncan, A., Onur, M.İ., Tuncan, M. 2015. Zemin Donatıları ile Güçlendirilmiş Şevlerin Değerlendirilmesi. 6. Geotechnical Symposium, Adana, 105.
54. Onur, M.İ, Tuncan, M., Evirgen, B., Ozdemir, B., Tuncan, A., 2016. Behavior of Soil Reinforcements in Slopes. Procedia Engineering., 143,

Geotekstil, Geogrid ve Çelik Şerit Donatılı Şevlerde Modelleme Çalışması

Year 2017, Volume: 32 Issue: 4, 227 - 240, 15.12.2017

Burak Evirgen Mustafa Tuncan Ahmet Tuncan

https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaummfd.383447

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Zeminin doğal koşullarının değişmesi, yüksek
miktarda hafriyat gerektiren otoyol ve demiryolu kenarları veya destekli
kazılardaki şev stabilitesi projelerinde beklenmedik gerilme artışlarına neden
olmaktadır. Bu işlem sırasında farklı yükleme durumlarında bazı güvenlik
sorunları oluşabilmektedir. Ek olarak, şev stabilitesi tasarımı ekonomik çözüm
gerektirmektedir. Şev destek yapıları için bu önemli gereksinimler göz önünde
bulundurularak en efektif tasarım yapılmalıdır. Bu çalışmada; kapsamlı bir
literatür taramasının ardından, donatılı zemin yapısının ön kısmında yer alan
derin kazılar dikkate alınarak şev stabilitesi problemi tüm yönleriyle
incelenmiştir. Geotekstil (GT), geogrid (GG) ve çelik şerit (SS) donatılar, hem
deney sürecinde hem de Plaxis yazılımı ile modelleme aşamasında şevin stabilite
koşullarının arttırılması işleminde kullanılmıştır. Her donatı tipi zemin taşıma
kapasitesi artışı sağlamış ve kendine has yer değiştirme davranışı
göstermiştir. Dolayısıyla, sunulan değerlere göre taşıma kapasitesi ve yer
değiştirme gereklilikleri doğrultusunda, tasarım işlemi ve sahadaki inşa
sürecinde en efektif donatı elemanı seçilebilecektir.

Keywords

Şev stabilitesi, Donatılı şev, Geotekstil, Geogrid, Çelik şerit

References

1. Das, B.M., 1984. Principles of foundation engineering. Brooks/Cole Engineering Division, Monterey, California, 498.
2. Vidal, H., 1966. La terre armée. Annales de L’Institute Technique du Batiment et des Travaux Publics., 223-224, 888-938.
3. Bathurst, R. J., Simac, M. R., 1994. Geosynthetic Reinforced Segmental Retaining Wall Structures in North America, Keynote Lecture Reprint. Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products, Singapore, 1-41.
4. Miyata, Y., Bathurst, R.J., 2012. Measured and Predicted Loads in Steel Strip Reinforced c– Soil Walls in Japan. Soil Found., 52(1), 1-17.
5. ASTM D4439–15a, 2015. Standard Terminology for Geosynthetics. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
6. Juran, I., Christopher, B., 1989. Laboratory Model Study on Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Retaining Walls. J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 115, (2), 905-926.
7. DeMerchant, M.R., Valsangkar, A.J., Schriver, A.B., 2002. Plate Load Tests on Geogrid-reinforced Expanded Shale Lightweight Aggregate. Geotext. Geomembr., 20, 173-190.
8. Yıldız, L., 2005. Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundation on Geogrid-reinforced Slope. Master Dissertation, Cukurova University Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Adana.
9. Bathurst, R.J., Nernheim, A., Allen, T.M., 2009. Predicted Loads in Steel Reinforced Soil Walls using the AASHTO Simplified Method. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., ASCE, 135(2), 177-184.
10. Palmeira, E.M., 2009. Soil–geosynthetic Interaction: Modelling and Analysis. Geotext. Geomembr., 27, 368-390.
11. Lin, Y.L., Li, X.X., Zhang, M.X., 2014. Effect of Reinforcement form on the Pullout Resistance of Reinforced Sand. Ground Improvement and Geosynthetics, ASCE, GSP238, 380-388.
12. Indraratna, B., Nimbalkar, S., Rujikiatkamjorn, C., 2014. From Theory to Practice in Track Geomechanics-Australian Perspective for Synthetic Inclusions. Transp. Geotech., 1, 171-187.
13. Latha, G.M., Santhanakumar, P., 2015. Seismic Response of Reduced-scale Modular Block and Rigid Faced Reinforced Walls Through Shaking Table Tests. Geotext. Geomembr., 43, 307-316.
14. Gonzalez-Torre, I., Calzada-Perez, M.A., Vega-Zamanillo, A., Castro-Fresno, D., 2015. Experimental Study of the Behaviour of Different Geosynthetics as Anti-reflective Cracking Systems using a Combined-load Fatigue Test. Geotext. Geomembr., 43, 345-350.
15. Suzuki, M., Shimura, N., Fukumura, T., Yoneda, O., Tasaka, Y., 2015. Seismic Performance of Reinforced Soil Wall with Untreated and Cement-treated Soils as Backfill using a 1-g Shaking Table. Soil Found., 55(3), 626-636.
16. Costa, C.M.L., Zornberg, J.G., Bueno, B.S., Costa, Y.D.J., 2016. Centrifuge Evaluation of the Time-dependent Behavior of Geotextile-reinforced Soil Walls. Geotext. Geomembr., 44, 188-200.
17. Balakrishnan, S., Viswanadham, B.V.S., 2016. Performance Evaluation of Geogrid Reinforced Soil Walls with Marginal Backfills Through Centrifuge Model Tests. Geotext. Geomembr., 44, 95-108.
18. Xiao, C., Han, J., Zhang, Z., 2016. Experimental Study on Performance of Geosynthetic-reinforced Soil Model Walls on Rigid Foundations Subjected to Static Footing Loading. Geotext. Geomembr. 44, 81-94.
19. Lal, D., Sankar, N., Chandrakaran, S., 2017. Effect of Reinforcement Form on the Behaviour of Coir Geotextile Reinforced Sand Beds. Soil Found., 57(2), 227-236.
20. Al-Rkaby, A.H.J., Chegenizadeh, A., Nikraz, H.R., 2017. Anisotropic Strength of Large Scale Geogrid-reinforced Sand: Experimental Study. Soil Found., 57(4), 557-574.
21. Richardson, G.N., 1995. Lessons Learned from the Failure of a Geotextile Reinforced Retaining Wall Facing. http://www.smithgardnerinc.com/docs/.
22. Kim, Y-S., Won, M-S., 2006. Deformation Behaviors of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Walls on Shallow Weak Ground. Soil Stress-Strain Behavior: Measurement, Modeling and Analysis Geotechnical Symposium in Roma, Italy, 819-830.
23. Stuedlein, A.W., Bailey, M., Lindquist, D. Sankey, J., Neely, W.J., 2010. Design and Performance of a 46-m-high MSE Wall. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., ASCE, 136(6), 786-796.
24. Yonezawa, T., Yamazaki, T., Tateyama, M., Tatsuoka, F., 2014. Design and Construction of Geosynthetic-reinforced Soil Structures for Hokkaido High-speed Train Line. Transp. Geotech., 1, 3-20.
25. Liu, S., Lu, Y., Weng, L., Bai, F., 2015. Field Study of Treatment for Expansive Soil/rock Channel Slope with Soilbags. Geotext. Geomembr., 43, 283-292.
26. Jones, J.C.F.P., 1988. Earth Reinforcement and Soil Structures, Revised Reprint. Butterworth Advance Series in Geotechnical Engineering, Anchor Brendon Ltd, Tiptree, Essex.
27. Yılmaz, H.R., Aklık, P., 2002. Geotekstil veya Geogrid Kullanılarak Oluşturulan Dayanma Yapılarında Sağlanabilen Ekonomi Hakkında Bir İnceleme. 9th National Conference of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Eskisehir, 312-321.
28. Allen, T.M., Bathurst, R.J., Holtz, R.D., Lee, W.F., Walters, D., 2004. New Method for Prediction of Loads in Steel Reinforced Soil Walls. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., ASCE, 130(11), 1109-1120.
29. Hatami, K., Bathurst, R.J., 2006. Numerical Model for Reinforced Soil Segmental Walls Under Surcharge Loading. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., ASCE, 132(6), 673-684.
30. Lin, Y.L., Li, X.X., Zhang, M.X., 2010. Limit Analysis of Reinforced Soil Slopes Based on Composite Reinforcement Mechanism. Ground Improvement and Geosynthetics, ASCE, GSP207, 59-64.
31. Gu, J., 2011. Computational Modeling of Geogrid Reinforced Soil Foundation and Geogrid Reinforced Base in Flexible Pavement. Ph.D. Dissertation, Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University.
32. Damians, I.P., Bathurst, R.J., Josa, A., Lloret, A., Albuquerque, P.J.R., 2013. Vertical-facing Loads in Steel-reinforced Soil Walls. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., ASCE, 139(9), 1419-1432.
33. Yu, X., Pradhan, A., 2014. Study of Geogrid Reinforcement using Two Dimensional Discrete Element Method. Ground Improvement and Geosynthetics, ASCE, GSP238, 299-311.
34. Hou, J., Zhang, M.X., Zhang, T.T., 2014. Comparison of Strip-reinforced with H-V Reinforced Foundation using FEM. Ground Improvement and Geosynthetics, ASCE, GSP238, 404-413.
35. Yu, Y., Bathurst, R.J., Miyata, Y., 2015. Numerical Analysis of a Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall Reinforced with Steel Strips. Soil Found., 55(3), 536-547.
36. Carbone, L., Gourc, J.B., Carrubba, P., Pavanello, P., Moraci, N., 2015. Dry Friction Behaviour of a Geosynthetic Interface using Inclined Plane and Shaking Table Tests. Geotext. Geomembr., 43, 293-306.
37. Allen, T.M., Bathurst, R.J., 2015. Improved Simplified Method for Prediction of Loads in Reinforced Soil Walls. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., ASCE, 141(11), 04015049-1-14.
38. Liu, H., 2015. Reinforcement Load and Compression of Reinforced Soil Mass under Surcharge Loading. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., ASCE, 141(6), 04015017-1-10.
39. Damians, I.P., Bathurst, R.J., Josa, A., Lloret, A., 2015. Numerical Analysis of an Instrumented Steel-reinforced Soil Wall. Int. J. Geomech., ASCE, 15(1), 04014037-1-15.
40. Gao, Y., Yang, S., Zhang, F., Leshchinsky, B., 2016. Three-dimensional Reinforced Slopes: Evaluation of Required Reinforcement Strength and Embedment Length using Limit Analysis. Geotext. Geomembr., 44, 133-142.
41. ASTM D6637/D6637M–15, 2015. Standard Test Method for Determining Tensile Properties of Geogrids by the Single or Multi-rib Tensile Method. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
42. ASTM D4533/D4533M–15, 2015. Standard test Method or Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geotextiles. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
43. ASTM E8/E8M–15a, 2015. Standard test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
44. FHWA-RD-89-04, 1990. Reinforced Soil Structures Volume I. Design and Construction Guidelines. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration, Virginia, United States.
45. FHWA-HRT-14-094, 2015. Synthesis of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) Design Topics. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration, Virginia, United States.
46. Sun, C., Graves, C., 2013. Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) Walls Design Guidance. University of Kentucky Transportation Center.
47. Miyata, Y., Bathurst, R.J., 2012. Reliability Analysis of Soil-geogrid Pullout Models in Japan. Soil Found., 52(4), 620-633.
48. Wu, Y., Prakash, S., 1999. Effect of Submergence on Seismic Displacement of Rigid Walls. Second International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical and Soil Dynamics, Lisbon, 277-289.
49. JRA, 1996. Seismic Design Specifications and Construction of Highway Bridges. Japan Road Association.
50. NGG, 2005. Nordic Guidelines for Reinforced Soils and Fills. Nordic Geosynthetic Group, www.sgf.net.
51. PWRC, 2000. Design and Construction Manual of Geosynthetics Reinforced Soil, Revised Version. Public Works Research Center, Tsukuba, Japan.
52. NCMA, 2009. Design Manual for Segmental Retaining Walls, 3rd ed. National Concrete Masonry Association, Herndon, VA, USA.
53. Özdemir, B., Evirgen, B., Tuncan, A., Onur, M.İ., Tuncan, M. 2015. Zemin Donatıları ile Güçlendirilmiş Şevlerin Değerlendirilmesi. 6. Geotechnical Symposium, Adana, 105.
54. Onur, M.İ, Tuncan, M., Evirgen, B., Ozdemir, B., Tuncan, A., 2016. Behavior of Soil Reinforcements in Slopes. Procedia Engineering., 143,

There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section	Articles
Authors	Burak Evirgen Mustafa Tuncan This is me Ahmet Tuncan This is me
Publication Date	December 15, 2017
Published in Issue	Year 2017 Volume: 32 Issue: 4

Cite

APA	Evirgen, B., Tuncan, M., & Tuncan, A. (2017). Geotekstil, Geogrid ve Çelik Şerit Donatılı Şevlerde Modelleme Çalışması. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 32(4), 227-240. https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaummfd.383447
AMA	Evirgen B, Tuncan M, Tuncan A. Geotekstil, Geogrid ve Çelik Şerit Donatılı Şevlerde Modelleme Çalışması. cukurovaummfd. December 2017;32(4):227-240. doi:10.21605/cukurovaummfd.383447
Chicago	Evirgen, Burak, Mustafa Tuncan, and Ahmet Tuncan. “Geotekstil, Geogrid Ve Çelik Şerit Donatılı Şevlerde Modelleme Çalışması”. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 32, no. 4 (December 2017): 227-40. https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaummfd.383447.
EndNote	Evirgen B, Tuncan M, Tuncan A (December 1, 2017) Geotekstil, Geogrid ve Çelik Şerit Donatılı Şevlerde Modelleme Çalışması. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 32 4 227–240.
IEEE	B. Evirgen, M. Tuncan, and A. Tuncan, “Geotekstil, Geogrid ve Çelik Şerit Donatılı Şevlerde Modelleme Çalışması”, cukurovaummfd, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 227–240, 2017, doi: 10.21605/cukurovaummfd.383447.
ISNAD	Evirgen, Burak et al. “Geotekstil, Geogrid Ve Çelik Şerit Donatılı Şevlerde Modelleme Çalışması”. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 32/4 (December 2017), 227-240. https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaummfd.383447.
JAMA	Evirgen B, Tuncan M, Tuncan A. Geotekstil, Geogrid ve Çelik Şerit Donatılı Şevlerde Modelleme Çalışması. cukurovaummfd. 2017;32:227–240.
MLA	Evirgen, Burak et al. “Geotekstil, Geogrid Ve Çelik Şerit Donatılı Şevlerde Modelleme Çalışması”. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 32, no. 4, 2017, pp. 227-40, doi:10.21605/cukurovaummfd.383447.
Vancouver	Evirgen B, Tuncan M, Tuncan A. Geotekstil, Geogrid ve Çelik Şerit Donatılı Şevlerde Modelleme Çalışması. cukurovaummfd. 2017;32(4):227-40.

Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi

Modelling Study on the Geotextile, Geogrid and Steel Strip Reinforced Slopes

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Geotekstil, Geogrid ve Çelik Şerit Donatılı Şevlerde Modelleme Çalışması

Abstract

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Cited By

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