Research Article
Year 2023,
Issue: 52, 193 - 200, 15.12.2023
Abstract
Hadfield çelikleri madencilik endüstrisinde özellikle yüksek tokluk ve aşınma direnci gerektiren astar plakalarında, konik kırıcıların cevher ile temas eden ve cevheri öğüten kırıcı mantolarında, kırıcı çenelerinde ve iş makinalarının yürüyüş takımlarında yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Bu çeliklerde artan kalite gereksinimleri nedeniyle, daha yüksek tokluk ve aşınma özellikleri elde etmek için dökümhanelerin Ar-Ge departmanları tarafından alaşım geliştirme ve ısıl işlem optimizasyon çalışmaları önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kalın kesitli Hadfield çeliklerinde karbon ve molibden ilavesinin mikro yapı ve mekanik özelliklere etkisi incelenmiştir. Döküm numunelerinin karakterizasyonu için mikro yapı incelemelerine ek olarak sertlik, çekme ve darbe çentik testleri uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar en yüksek çekme ve süneklik değerlerinin düşük karbon içeriğine sahip (1.09%C) molibdensiz analiz ile elde edilebileceğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca, daha yüksek akma mukavemetine sahip karbürsüz bir yapı eldesi için molibden ilavesi olması durumunda ise ısıl işlem sıcaklığının veya süresinin arttırılması gerektiğini ortaya koymuştur.
References
- Havel, D. (2017). Austenitic Manganese Steel Complate Overview. Columbia Steel Casting Co. Inc., 1-19.
- Okechukwu, C., Dahunsi, O. D., Oke, P. O., Oladele, I. O., Dauda, M. (2017). Prominence of Hadfield steel in mining and minerals industries: A review. International Journal of Engineering Technologies-IJET, Vol.3, No:2, 83. https://doi.org/10.19072/ijet.299068
- Çıkıt, E. (2015). Kırıcı ve Öğütücülerde Kullanılan Demir Esaslı Malzemelerin Yapı, Mekanik Özellikler ve Aşınma Davranışlarının İncelenmesi. (Yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 21-22.
- Ayadi, S. ve Hadji, A. (2021). Effect of Chemical Composition and Heat Treatments on the Microstructure and Wear Behavior of Manganese Steel. . Inter Metalcast, 15, 510-519. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-020-00479-2
- Alyaz, S., (2003). Effects of heat treatment and chemical composition on microstructure and mechanical properties of Hadfield Steels. (Yüksek lisans tezi). Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, 14-15.
- Gürol, U. (2022). Welding of High Manganese Austenitic Cast Steels Using Stainless Steel Covered Electrode. Inter Metalcast, 2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-022-00834-5
- Tüfenk, E. (2012). Farklı Kimyasal Kompozisyona Sahip Östenitik Manganlı Çeliklerin Isıl İşlemler Sonrası Mekanik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi. (Yüksek lisans tezi). On dokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 20-21.
- Mohammadnezhad, M., Javaheri, V., Naseri, M. (2013). Effect of the molybdenum on the microstructural and mechanical properties of Hadfield austenitic manganese steel. The Second International and the Seventh Joint Conference of Iranian Metallurgical Engineering and Iranian Foundaryman Scintific Societies, 12816, 1-7.
- Yan, Z., Zhang, P., Wang, X. (2021). Effect of Mo Alloying on Properties of High Manganese Steel Castings and Cost Analysis. 4th World Conference on Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Manufacturing (WCMEIM). http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcmeim54377.2021.00137
- Dziubek M, Rutkowska-Gorczyca M, Dudziński W, Grygier D. (2022). Investigation into Changes of Microstructure and Abrasive Wear Resistance Occurring in High Manganese Steel X120Mn12 during Isothermal Annealing and Re-Austenitisation Process. Materials (Basel), 15(7), 2622, 2. doi:10.3390/ma15072622
- Lencina, R., Caletti, C., Brunelli, K., Micone, R. (2015). Assessing wear performance of two high-carbon Hadfield steels through field tests in the mining industry. Procedia Materials Science, 358-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mspro.2015.05.005
- Gürol, U., Kurnaz, S. C. (2020). Effect of carbon and manganese content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high manganese austenitic steel. Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B Metallurgy, 56(2), 171-182. https://doi.org/10.2298/JMMB191111009G
- Standard Specification for Steel casting, Austenitic Manganese, ASTM Designation: A128/A128M-19. https://doi.org/10.1520/A0128_A0128M-19
- Gürol, U. (2020). Döküm proses parametrelerinin yüksek manganlı östenitik çeliklerin özelliklerine etkisinin incelenmesi. (Doktora tezi). Sakarya Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 19-20.
- Grzegorz, T. ve Zapata, R. (2018). Changes in Impact Strength and Abrasive Wear Resistance of Cast High Manganese Steel Due to the Formation of Primary Titanium Carbides. Archives of Foundry Engineering, 18(1): 119-122.
- Tecza, G. ve Sobula, S. (2014). Effect of Heat Treatment on Change Microstructure of Cast High-manganese Hadfield Steel with Elevated Chromium Content. Archives of Foundry Engineering, 14(3):67-70.
- Jafarian, H. R., Sabzi, M., Mousavi Anijdan, S. H., Eivani, A. R., Park, N. (2021). The influence of austenitization temperature on microstructural developments, mechanical properties, fracture mode and wear mechanism of Hadfield high manganese steel. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 10, 819-831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.12.003
- Gürol, U., Karadeniz, E., Çoban, O., Kurnaz, C. S. (2021). Casting properties of ASTM A128 Gr. E1 steel modified with Mn-alloying and titanium ladle treatment. China Foundry, 18, 199-206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41230-021-1002-1
- Kuyucak, S., Zavadil, R., Gertsman, V. (2001). On the Heat-Treatment Processing of Austenitic Manganese Steels, Including Quenching and Control of Distortion: An International Symposium in Honor of Professors Bozidar Liscic and Hans M. Tensi. Proceedings of the 21st Conference, 1-16.
Year 2023,
Issue: 52, 193 - 200, 15.12.2023
Abstract
Hadfield steels are widely used in the mining industry, especially in mill liners, crusher mantles of cone crushers that contact and grind ore, crusher jaws, and undercarriage of construction machinery, where the high toughness and wear resistance properties are required. Due to the increasing quality requirements in these steels, alloy development and heat treatment optimization are gaining importance by the R&D departments of the foundries to obtain higher toughness and wear properties. This study investigated the effects of carbon and molybdenum additions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of thick-section Hadfield steels. The hardness, tensile and Charpy impact tests were applied in addition to microstructure examination to characterize the casting samples. The results showed that the highest tensile and ductility values can be obtained with molybdenum-free analysis with low carbon content (1.09%C), In addition, it was revealed that the heat treatment temperature or time should be increased in case of molybdenum addition to obtaining a carbide-free structure with higher yield strength.
References
- Havel, D. (2017). Austenitic Manganese Steel Complate Overview. Columbia Steel Casting Co. Inc., 1-19.
- Okechukwu, C., Dahunsi, O. D., Oke, P. O., Oladele, I. O., Dauda, M. (2017). Prominence of Hadfield steel in mining and minerals industries: A review. International Journal of Engineering Technologies-IJET, Vol.3, No:2, 83. https://doi.org/10.19072/ijet.299068
- Çıkıt, E. (2015). Kırıcı ve Öğütücülerde Kullanılan Demir Esaslı Malzemelerin Yapı, Mekanik Özellikler ve Aşınma Davranışlarının İncelenmesi. (Yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 21-22.
- Ayadi, S. ve Hadji, A. (2021). Effect of Chemical Composition and Heat Treatments on the Microstructure and Wear Behavior of Manganese Steel. . Inter Metalcast, 15, 510-519. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-020-00479-2
- Alyaz, S., (2003). Effects of heat treatment and chemical composition on microstructure and mechanical properties of Hadfield Steels. (Yüksek lisans tezi). Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, 14-15.
- Gürol, U. (2022). Welding of High Manganese Austenitic Cast Steels Using Stainless Steel Covered Electrode. Inter Metalcast, 2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-022-00834-5
- Tüfenk, E. (2012). Farklı Kimyasal Kompozisyona Sahip Östenitik Manganlı Çeliklerin Isıl İşlemler Sonrası Mekanik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi. (Yüksek lisans tezi). On dokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 20-21.
- Mohammadnezhad, M., Javaheri, V., Naseri, M. (2013). Effect of the molybdenum on the microstructural and mechanical properties of Hadfield austenitic manganese steel. The Second International and the Seventh Joint Conference of Iranian Metallurgical Engineering and Iranian Foundaryman Scintific Societies, 12816, 1-7.
- Yan, Z., Zhang, P., Wang, X. (2021). Effect of Mo Alloying on Properties of High Manganese Steel Castings and Cost Analysis. 4th World Conference on Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Manufacturing (WCMEIM). http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcmeim54377.2021.00137
- Dziubek M, Rutkowska-Gorczyca M, Dudziński W, Grygier D. (2022). Investigation into Changes of Microstructure and Abrasive Wear Resistance Occurring in High Manganese Steel X120Mn12 during Isothermal Annealing and Re-Austenitisation Process. Materials (Basel), 15(7), 2622, 2. doi:10.3390/ma15072622
- Lencina, R., Caletti, C., Brunelli, K., Micone, R. (2015). Assessing wear performance of two high-carbon Hadfield steels through field tests in the mining industry. Procedia Materials Science, 358-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mspro.2015.05.005
- Gürol, U., Kurnaz, S. C. (2020). Effect of carbon and manganese content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high manganese austenitic steel. Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B Metallurgy, 56(2), 171-182. https://doi.org/10.2298/JMMB191111009G
- Standard Specification for Steel casting, Austenitic Manganese, ASTM Designation: A128/A128M-19. https://doi.org/10.1520/A0128_A0128M-19
- Gürol, U. (2020). Döküm proses parametrelerinin yüksek manganlı östenitik çeliklerin özelliklerine etkisinin incelenmesi. (Doktora tezi). Sakarya Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 19-20.
- Grzegorz, T. ve Zapata, R. (2018). Changes in Impact Strength and Abrasive Wear Resistance of Cast High Manganese Steel Due to the Formation of Primary Titanium Carbides. Archives of Foundry Engineering, 18(1): 119-122.
- Tecza, G. ve Sobula, S. (2014). Effect of Heat Treatment on Change Microstructure of Cast High-manganese Hadfield Steel with Elevated Chromium Content. Archives of Foundry Engineering, 14(3):67-70.
- Jafarian, H. R., Sabzi, M., Mousavi Anijdan, S. H., Eivani, A. R., Park, N. (2021). The influence of austenitization temperature on microstructural developments, mechanical properties, fracture mode and wear mechanism of Hadfield high manganese steel. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 10, 819-831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.12.003
- Gürol, U., Karadeniz, E., Çoban, O., Kurnaz, C. S. (2021). Casting properties of ASTM A128 Gr. E1 steel modified with Mn-alloying and titanium ladle treatment. China Foundry, 18, 199-206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41230-021-1002-1
- Kuyucak, S., Zavadil, R., Gertsman, V. (2001). On the Heat-Treatment Processing of Austenitic Manganese Steels, Including Quenching and Control of Distortion: An International Symposium in Honor of Professors Bozidar Liscic and Hans M. Tensi. Proceedings of the 21st Conference, 1-16.
There are 19 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | December 28, 2023 |
| Publication Date | December 15, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Issue: 52 |
