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Tarihi bir çevrede kent turizminin erişilebilirliğini geliştirmek için mekan dizimine (space syntax) dayalı bir analiz yöntemi

Year 2023, Volume: 38 Issue: 4, 2359 - 2374, 12.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1077512

Abstract

Kent merkezleri, geleneksel anlamda yerel ve uluslararası ziyaretçiler için cazibe noktalarıdır. Kentsel alanlar çeşitlilik ve konum açısından odak noktası olabilecek bir dizi turizm ve seyahat akışı sağlamaktadır. Kent içi mekânların anlamlı bütünsellik oluşturmasını sağlayacak en önemli nokta, mekanların ilişkisel yapılarıdır. Kentlerin zamanla yenilenmeleri ve tarihi miras alanlarının insanlar tarafından turizm amaçlı kullanma talepleri, kentin yapısal ve sosyal yapısını geliştirerek kent kimliğini doğru algılanmasını sağlayacaktır.

Çalışmada Erzurum kent merkezindeki tarihi mekânların, fonksiyonellik açısından yapı özellikleri ile mekanların biçimlenme özellikleri arasındaki ilişkilerin karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesine olanak sağlayan ve mekanların performansının fiziksel ve alansal biçimden etkileniş hikayesini anlatan Mekan dizimi analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Space Syntax’ın harita ve istatistiksel çizelgeleriyle erişilebilirlik, turistik rota ve insan akışındaki entegrasyon bağlantısına dayanarak, sokak ağı ve işlevsellik performansı değerlendirme amaçlanmıştır. Kentin tarihi mekanlarının olduğu rota üzerindeki cadde-sokak ağı tabanlı kritik noktalar belirlenmiş ve tarihi mekanların mevcut kullanımının, fonksiyonellik, ulaşım ve entegrasyon çekiciliği arasındaki kombinasyonun etkileri tespit edilmiştir. Tarihi dokunun yoğun olduğu kent bölümlerinde yapılı çevre ve şehir arasındaki ilişki ağı çevre, erişim-ulaşım ve sosyal ilişkiler yorumlanmıştır. Sonuçta yabancı turistler yüksek küresel entegrasyon gösteren sokaklarda gezinmeyi tercih ederken, yerel halkın yüksek yerel entegrasyon sergileyen sokakları tercih ettiği belirlenmiştir. Küresel entegrasyonun yüksek olduğu aksların, turistler için çok daha önemli bir rota oluşturduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.

References

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  • 2-Zhong L, Chen D (2019) Progress and prospects of tourism climate research in China. Atmosphere 10: 701. https://www.mdpi.com/ 2073-4433/10/11/701.
  • 3-Kalkınma Bakanlığı (2018) Eleventh Development Plan. Tour ism Specialization Commission Report, Ankara, 140 pages. http:// www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/TurizmOzelIhtis asKomisyonuRaporu.pdf.
  • 4-Li Y., Y Ye, L Xiao, W. Xu, A. Law, D. Wang , 2016. Classifying community space at a historic site through cognitive mapping and GPS tracking: The caseof Gulangyu, China URBAN DESIGN International Vol. 22, 2, 127–149
  • 5-Franck, K. and Stevens, Q. (eds.) (2013), Loose Space: Possibilityand Diversity in Urban Life, London: Routledge
  • 6-Pearce, D.G. (2001) An integrative framework for urbantourism research. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(4): 926–946
  • 7-Blumenfield, T. and Silverman, H. (2013), Cultural HeritagePolitics in China, New York: Springer
  • 8-Li, m., B.Wu, L.Cai, 2008. Tourism development of World Heritage Sites in China: A geographic perspective, Tourism Management, Volume 29, Issue 2, April 2008, Pages 308-319
  • 9-Russo, A. 2002 The ‘vicious circle’ of tourism development in heritage cities, Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (1) (2002), pp. 165-182
  • 10-Hayllar, B., & Griffin, T. (2005). The precinct experience: A phenomenological, approach. Tourism Management, 26(4), 517-528.
  • 11-Mckercher, b., P. Ho, H.Du Cros, 2005. Relationship between tourism and cultural heritage management: Evidence from Hong Kong, Tourism Management 26(4):539-548
  • 12-Velasco, M., 2009. Gestión turística del patrimonio cultural: enfoques para un desarrollo sostenible del turismo cultural, Cuadernos de Turismo, 23, (2009), 237-253
  • 13-Soja, E.W. (1980) The socio-spatial dialectic. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 70(2): 207–225
  • 14-Gospodini, A. (2001) Urban design, urban space morphology,urban tourism: an emerging new paradigm concerning their relationship. European Planning Studies, 9(7): 925–934
  • 15-Ostwald M.J., Dawes M. (2011), Axial line analysis revisited: reconsidering its value for architecture Int. J. Constr. Environ., 1 pp. 219-242
  • 16-Liao P.,Gu N.,Rongrong Y.,Brisbin C. (2021), Exploring the spatial pattern of historic Chinese towns and cities: A syntactical approac, Frontiers of Architectural Research Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 598-613
  • 17-Koohsari, M. J., Owen, N., Cerin, E., Giles-Corti, B., & Sugiyama, T. (2016). Walkability and walking for transport: characterizing the built environment using space syntax. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 13(1), 1-9.
  • 18-Salvo, G., Lashewicz, B. M., Doyle-Baker, P. K., & McCormack, G. R. (2018). Neighbourhood built environment influences on physical activity among adults: A systematized review of qualitative evidence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(5), 897.
  • 19-Hajna, S., Ross, N. A., Brazeau, A. S., Bélisle, P., Joseph, L., & Dasgupta, K. (2015). Associations between neighbourhood walkability and daily steps in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC public health, 15(1), 1-8.
  • 20-Alalouch, C., Al-Hajri, S., Naser, A., & Al Hinai, A. (2019). The impact of space syntax spatial attributes on urban land use in Muscat: Implications for urban sustainability. Sustainable Cities and Society, 46, 101417.
  • 21-Hall, C.M. & Ram, Y. 2017, Measuring the relationship between tourism and walkability?:Walk Score and English tourist attractions., Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(1)
  • 22-Gössling, S. (2010). Carbon management in tourism: Mitigating the impacts on climate change. Abingdon:Routledge
  • 23-Nes. A. ve Yamu C. (2018 )Space Syntax: A Method To Measure Urban Space Related To Socıal, Economıc And Cognıtıve Factors, ‘The Virtual And The Real in Planning and Urban Design: Perspectives, practices and applications’, Routledge: Oxon, UK / New York, USA, pp. 136–150
  • 24-Cormack Mc., G. R., Koohsari, M. J., Turley, L., Nakaya, T., Shibata, A., Ishii, K., Oka, K. (2019). Evidence for urban design and public health policy and practice: space syntax metrics and neighborhood walking. Health & Place, 102277.
  • 25-Tannous H.O, Major M.D , Furlan R. (2021), Accessibility of green spaces in a metropolitan network using space syntax to objectively evaluate the spatial locations of parks and promenades in Doha, State of Qatar ,Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,Volume 58, March, 126892,Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
  • 26-Griffiths S.,Jones C.E.,Vaughan L.,Haklay M., 2010. The persistence of suburban centres in Greater London: Combining Conzenian and space syntax approaches, Urban MorphologyVolume 14, Issue 2, Pages 85 – 99
  • 27-Hillier, B. (1999). The hidden geometry of deformed grids: or, why space syntax, works, when it looks as though it shouldn't. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 26(1), 169-191.
  • 28-Hillier, 2002, A theory of the city as object: or, how spatial laws mediate the social construction of urban space, Urban Design International, 7 (3) (2002), pp. 153-179
  • 29-Klarqvist, B. 1993. A space syntax glossary, Nordisk Arkitekturforskning, 2 (1993), pp. 11-12
  • 30-Karimi, K. (2000). Urban conservation and spatial transformation: preserving the fragments or maintaining the ‘spatial spirit’. Urban Design International, 5(3-4).
  • 31-Karimi, K. (2012). A configurational approach to analytical urban design:‘Space syntax’methodology. Urban Design International, 17(4), 297-318.
  • 32-Li Y., Xiao L.,Ye Y., Xu W., Law A. (2016) Understanding tourist space at a historic site through space syntax analysis: The case of Gulangyu, China,Tourism Management ,Volume 52, February 2016, Pages 30-43.
  • 33- Kubat, A.; Rab, S.; Guney, Y.I.; Ozer, O.; Kaya, S. Application of Space Syntax in Developings: A Regeneration Framework for Sharjah’s Heritage Area. In Proceedings of the 8th International Space Syntax Symposium, Santiago, Chile, 3–6 January 2012. 34-Kaya, A., & Çalmaşur, G. (2018). Erzurum İli Sosyo-Ekonomik Profili 2018. Zafer Medya, 223.
  • 35-Günal, N. (2013). Türkiye’de kar yağışı, karın yerde kalma süresi ve daimi kar sınırı. Acta Turcıca, Yıl, 5, 1-13
  • 36-Hillier, B., & Hanson, J. (1984). The social logic of space. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge, University Press.
  • 37-Hillier, B., Penn, A., Hanson, J., Grajewski, T., & Xu, J. (1993). Natural movement: or, configuration and attraction in urban pedestrian movement. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 20(1), 29-66.
  • 38-Hillier, B. (1996). Cities as movement economies. Urban Design International, 1(1), 41-60.
  • 39-Turner, A., Penn, A., & Hillier, B. (2005). An algorithmic definition of the axial map. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 32(3), 425-444.
  • 40-Turner, A. (2007). From axial to road-centre lines: a new representation for space syntax and a new model of route choice for transport network analysis. Envi ronment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 34(3), 539-555.
  • 41-Hirtle, S. C. (1998). The cognitive atlas: Using GIS as a metaphor for memory. In M. Egenhofer and R. Golledge (Eds.), Spatial and temporal reasoning in geographic information systems, pp. 263-271. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • 42-Shoval, N. (2008). Tracking technologies and urban analysis. Cities, 25(1), 21-28.
  • 43-Chesterton. (1997). Pedestrian Market Research Services Ltd. Managing Urban Spaces in Town Centres. London: The Stationery Office.
  • 44-Mattson, K. (1999). Reclaiming and remaking public space: Towards an architecture for American democracy. National Civic Renewal, 88(2), 133–144.
  • 45-Lynch, K. (1960). The image of the city. Cambridge: MIT Press
  • 46-Safari. H. (2016). Regular Geometry Towards Effective Visitors Wayfinding: A Case Study of KLCC Vicinity. Ph.D thesis. UTM
  • 47-Talen, E. (2002). Pedestrian access as a measure of urban quality. Planning Practice & Research, 17(3), 257–278.
Year 2023, Volume: 38 Issue: 4, 2359 - 2374, 12.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1077512

Abstract

References

  • 1-Scott D, Lemieux C (2009) Weather and climate information for tour ism. Commissioned White Paper for the World Climate Confer ence 3. World Meteorological Organization: Geneva and United Nations World Tourism Organization: Madrid
  • 2-Zhong L, Chen D (2019) Progress and prospects of tourism climate research in China. Atmosphere 10: 701. https://www.mdpi.com/ 2073-4433/10/11/701.
  • 3-Kalkınma Bakanlığı (2018) Eleventh Development Plan. Tour ism Specialization Commission Report, Ankara, 140 pages. http:// www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/TurizmOzelIhtis asKomisyonuRaporu.pdf.
  • 4-Li Y., Y Ye, L Xiao, W. Xu, A. Law, D. Wang , 2016. Classifying community space at a historic site through cognitive mapping and GPS tracking: The caseof Gulangyu, China URBAN DESIGN International Vol. 22, 2, 127–149
  • 5-Franck, K. and Stevens, Q. (eds.) (2013), Loose Space: Possibilityand Diversity in Urban Life, London: Routledge
  • 6-Pearce, D.G. (2001) An integrative framework for urbantourism research. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(4): 926–946
  • 7-Blumenfield, T. and Silverman, H. (2013), Cultural HeritagePolitics in China, New York: Springer
  • 8-Li, m., B.Wu, L.Cai, 2008. Tourism development of World Heritage Sites in China: A geographic perspective, Tourism Management, Volume 29, Issue 2, April 2008, Pages 308-319
  • 9-Russo, A. 2002 The ‘vicious circle’ of tourism development in heritage cities, Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (1) (2002), pp. 165-182
  • 10-Hayllar, B., & Griffin, T. (2005). The precinct experience: A phenomenological, approach. Tourism Management, 26(4), 517-528.
  • 11-Mckercher, b., P. Ho, H.Du Cros, 2005. Relationship between tourism and cultural heritage management: Evidence from Hong Kong, Tourism Management 26(4):539-548
  • 12-Velasco, M., 2009. Gestión turística del patrimonio cultural: enfoques para un desarrollo sostenible del turismo cultural, Cuadernos de Turismo, 23, (2009), 237-253
  • 13-Soja, E.W. (1980) The socio-spatial dialectic. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 70(2): 207–225
  • 14-Gospodini, A. (2001) Urban design, urban space morphology,urban tourism: an emerging new paradigm concerning their relationship. European Planning Studies, 9(7): 925–934
  • 15-Ostwald M.J., Dawes M. (2011), Axial line analysis revisited: reconsidering its value for architecture Int. J. Constr. Environ., 1 pp. 219-242
  • 16-Liao P.,Gu N.,Rongrong Y.,Brisbin C. (2021), Exploring the spatial pattern of historic Chinese towns and cities: A syntactical approac, Frontiers of Architectural Research Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 598-613
  • 17-Koohsari, M. J., Owen, N., Cerin, E., Giles-Corti, B., & Sugiyama, T. (2016). Walkability and walking for transport: characterizing the built environment using space syntax. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 13(1), 1-9.
  • 18-Salvo, G., Lashewicz, B. M., Doyle-Baker, P. K., & McCormack, G. R. (2018). Neighbourhood built environment influences on physical activity among adults: A systematized review of qualitative evidence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(5), 897.
  • 19-Hajna, S., Ross, N. A., Brazeau, A. S., Bélisle, P., Joseph, L., & Dasgupta, K. (2015). Associations between neighbourhood walkability and daily steps in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC public health, 15(1), 1-8.
  • 20-Alalouch, C., Al-Hajri, S., Naser, A., & Al Hinai, A. (2019). The impact of space syntax spatial attributes on urban land use in Muscat: Implications for urban sustainability. Sustainable Cities and Society, 46, 101417.
  • 21-Hall, C.M. & Ram, Y. 2017, Measuring the relationship between tourism and walkability?:Walk Score and English tourist attractions., Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(1)
  • 22-Gössling, S. (2010). Carbon management in tourism: Mitigating the impacts on climate change. Abingdon:Routledge
  • 23-Nes. A. ve Yamu C. (2018 )Space Syntax: A Method To Measure Urban Space Related To Socıal, Economıc And Cognıtıve Factors, ‘The Virtual And The Real in Planning and Urban Design: Perspectives, practices and applications’, Routledge: Oxon, UK / New York, USA, pp. 136–150
  • 24-Cormack Mc., G. R., Koohsari, M. J., Turley, L., Nakaya, T., Shibata, A., Ishii, K., Oka, K. (2019). Evidence for urban design and public health policy and practice: space syntax metrics and neighborhood walking. Health & Place, 102277.
  • 25-Tannous H.O, Major M.D , Furlan R. (2021), Accessibility of green spaces in a metropolitan network using space syntax to objectively evaluate the spatial locations of parks and promenades in Doha, State of Qatar ,Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,Volume 58, March, 126892,Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
  • 26-Griffiths S.,Jones C.E.,Vaughan L.,Haklay M., 2010. The persistence of suburban centres in Greater London: Combining Conzenian and space syntax approaches, Urban MorphologyVolume 14, Issue 2, Pages 85 – 99
  • 27-Hillier, B. (1999). The hidden geometry of deformed grids: or, why space syntax, works, when it looks as though it shouldn't. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 26(1), 169-191.
  • 28-Hillier, 2002, A theory of the city as object: or, how spatial laws mediate the social construction of urban space, Urban Design International, 7 (3) (2002), pp. 153-179
  • 29-Klarqvist, B. 1993. A space syntax glossary, Nordisk Arkitekturforskning, 2 (1993), pp. 11-12
  • 30-Karimi, K. (2000). Urban conservation and spatial transformation: preserving the fragments or maintaining the ‘spatial spirit’. Urban Design International, 5(3-4).
  • 31-Karimi, K. (2012). A configurational approach to analytical urban design:‘Space syntax’methodology. Urban Design International, 17(4), 297-318.
  • 32-Li Y., Xiao L.,Ye Y., Xu W., Law A. (2016) Understanding tourist space at a historic site through space syntax analysis: The case of Gulangyu, China,Tourism Management ,Volume 52, February 2016, Pages 30-43.
  • 33- Kubat, A.; Rab, S.; Guney, Y.I.; Ozer, O.; Kaya, S. Application of Space Syntax in Developings: A Regeneration Framework for Sharjah’s Heritage Area. In Proceedings of the 8th International Space Syntax Symposium, Santiago, Chile, 3–6 January 2012. 34-Kaya, A., & Çalmaşur, G. (2018). Erzurum İli Sosyo-Ekonomik Profili 2018. Zafer Medya, 223.
  • 35-Günal, N. (2013). Türkiye’de kar yağışı, karın yerde kalma süresi ve daimi kar sınırı. Acta Turcıca, Yıl, 5, 1-13
  • 36-Hillier, B., & Hanson, J. (1984). The social logic of space. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge, University Press.
  • 37-Hillier, B., Penn, A., Hanson, J., Grajewski, T., & Xu, J. (1993). Natural movement: or, configuration and attraction in urban pedestrian movement. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 20(1), 29-66.
  • 38-Hillier, B. (1996). Cities as movement economies. Urban Design International, 1(1), 41-60.
  • 39-Turner, A., Penn, A., & Hillier, B. (2005). An algorithmic definition of the axial map. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 32(3), 425-444.
  • 40-Turner, A. (2007). From axial to road-centre lines: a new representation for space syntax and a new model of route choice for transport network analysis. Envi ronment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 34(3), 539-555.
  • 41-Hirtle, S. C. (1998). The cognitive atlas: Using GIS as a metaphor for memory. In M. Egenhofer and R. Golledge (Eds.), Spatial and temporal reasoning in geographic information systems, pp. 263-271. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • 42-Shoval, N. (2008). Tracking technologies and urban analysis. Cities, 25(1), 21-28.
  • 43-Chesterton. (1997). Pedestrian Market Research Services Ltd. Managing Urban Spaces in Town Centres. London: The Stationery Office.
  • 44-Mattson, K. (1999). Reclaiming and remaking public space: Towards an architecture for American democracy. National Civic Renewal, 88(2), 133–144.
  • 45-Lynch, K. (1960). The image of the city. Cambridge: MIT Press
  • 46-Safari. H. (2016). Regular Geometry Towards Effective Visitors Wayfinding: A Case Study of KLCC Vicinity. Ph.D thesis. UTM
  • 47-Talen, E. (2002). Pedestrian access as a measure of urban quality. Planning Practice & Research, 17(3), 257–278.
There are 46 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Architecture
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Ali Can Kuzulugil 0000-0003-2288-6749

Ömer Ünsal 0000-0002-4500-2021

Nalan Yıldız 0000-0002-4871-1579

Başak Aytatlı 0000-0002-4039-293X

Publication Date April 12, 2023
Submission Date February 22, 2022
Acceptance Date November 6, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 38 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Kuzulugil, A. C., Ünsal, Ö., Yıldız, N., Aytatlı, B. (2023). Tarihi bir çevrede kent turizminin erişilebilirliğini geliştirmek için mekan dizimine (space syntax) dayalı bir analiz yöntemi. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 38(4), 2359-2374. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1077512
AMA Kuzulugil AC, Ünsal Ö, Yıldız N, Aytatlı B. Tarihi bir çevrede kent turizminin erişilebilirliğini geliştirmek için mekan dizimine (space syntax) dayalı bir analiz yöntemi. GUMMFD. April 2023;38(4):2359-2374. doi:10.17341/gazimmfd.1077512
Chicago Kuzulugil, Ali Can, Ömer Ünsal, Nalan Yıldız, and Başak Aytatlı. “Tarihi Bir çevrede Kent Turizminin erişilebilirliğini geliştirmek için Mekan Dizimine (space Syntax) Dayalı Bir Analiz yöntemi”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 38, no. 4 (April 2023): 2359-74. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1077512.
EndNote Kuzulugil AC, Ünsal Ö, Yıldız N, Aytatlı B (April 1, 2023) Tarihi bir çevrede kent turizminin erişilebilirliğini geliştirmek için mekan dizimine (space syntax) dayalı bir analiz yöntemi. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 38 4 2359–2374.
IEEE A. C. Kuzulugil, Ö. Ünsal, N. Yıldız, and B. Aytatlı, “Tarihi bir çevrede kent turizminin erişilebilirliğini geliştirmek için mekan dizimine (space syntax) dayalı bir analiz yöntemi”, GUMMFD, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 2359–2374, 2023, doi: 10.17341/gazimmfd.1077512.
ISNAD Kuzulugil, Ali Can et al. “Tarihi Bir çevrede Kent Turizminin erişilebilirliğini geliştirmek için Mekan Dizimine (space Syntax) Dayalı Bir Analiz yöntemi”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 38/4 (April 2023), 2359-2374. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1077512.
JAMA Kuzulugil AC, Ünsal Ö, Yıldız N, Aytatlı B. Tarihi bir çevrede kent turizminin erişilebilirliğini geliştirmek için mekan dizimine (space syntax) dayalı bir analiz yöntemi. GUMMFD. 2023;38:2359–2374.
MLA Kuzulugil, Ali Can et al. “Tarihi Bir çevrede Kent Turizminin erişilebilirliğini geliştirmek için Mekan Dizimine (space Syntax) Dayalı Bir Analiz yöntemi”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 38, no. 4, 2023, pp. 2359-74, doi:10.17341/gazimmfd.1077512.
Vancouver Kuzulugil AC, Ünsal Ö, Yıldız N, Aytatlı B. Tarihi bir çevrede kent turizminin erişilebilirliğini geliştirmek için mekan dizimine (space syntax) dayalı bir analiz yöntemi. GUMMFD. 2023;38(4):2359-74.