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Alerji Tanısı Alan ve Almayan Çocukların Sadece Anne Sütü ve Toplam Anne Sütü Alma Sürelerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 581 - 591, 18.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1094306

Abstract

Çalışma, 2-6 yaş arası çocukların alerji tanısı alıp, almama durumları ile ilk altı ay sadece anne sütü alma süresi ve toplam anne sütü alma süresi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı olarak tasarlanan çalışma Kasım 2019-Şubat 2021 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmaya belirtilen tarihler içerisinde Türkiye’nin batısında yer alan bir hastanenin alerji polikliniğine başvuran ve araştırma grubu seçim kriterlerine uyan 2-6 yaş arası çocuk ve ebeveynleri dâhil edildi (n=390). Veriler yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile araştırmacı tarafından literatür doğrultusunda geliştirilen “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu” kullanılarak toplandı. Veri analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistiklerin yanı sıra bağımsız örneklemler için t testi, ki kare, Pearson moment çarpım korelasyon analizi ve gruplar arası normallik dağılımı ölçümü için Kolmogorov-Simirnov testi uygulandı. Çalışmanın her aşamasında etik ilkelere bağlı kalındı. Çocuğun ilk altı ay sadece anne sütü alma süresi ile alerji tanısı alıp almama durumu arasında (p<0,05) anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu. Alerji tanısı almayan çocukların sadece anne sütü alma süresinin daha uzun olduğu belirlendi. Toplam anne sütü alma süresi ve ek gıdaya geçiş zamanı ile alerji tanısı alıp almama durumu arasında herhangi bir ilişki saptanmadı. Sadece anne sütü alma süresinin artması alerji tanısı alma durumunu azaltan ve alerjiden koruyan bir faktör olabileceği düşünüldü. İlk altı ay sadece anne sütü alımının arttırılması ve toplum genelinde yaygınlaştırılması için gerekli eğitimlerin gebelik döneminden başlayarak doğum sonrası dönemde de devam ettirilmesi önerilir.

Thanks

Yazarlar bu araştırmaya katılan tüm ebeveynlere ve çocuklara teşekkür eder.

References

  • 1. Bagga, N, Nadipineni, R, Mohamed, A, Poddutoor, P. and Chirla, K. (2018). “A Quality İnitiative To İmprove Exclusive Breast Milk Feeding İn Preterm Neonates”. International Journal of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 5 (4), 131-4.
  • 2. United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), World Health Organization. (2018). “Capture The Moment- Early initation of breastfeeding: The best start of every newborn”. Erişim adresi: https://www.unicef.org/eca/media/4256/file/Capture-the-moment-EIBF-report.pdf (Erişim tarihi:12.01.2021).
  • 3. World Health Organization (WHO). (2018). “Global Nutrition Targets 2025: Breastfeeding policy brief”. Erişim adresi: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/149022/WHO_NMH_NHD_14.7_eng.pdf?sequence=1 (Erişim tarihi:12.01.2021).
  • 4. Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (CDC) (2020). “Breastfeeding Report Card United States:”. Erişim adresi: https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/pdf/2020-Breastfeeding-Report-Card. (Erişim tarihi 12.01.2021).
  • 5. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, T.C. Kalkınma Bakanlığı ve TÜBİTAK (2018). ”Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması”. Erişim adresi:file:///C:/Users/COMU/Downloads/TNSA2018_ana_Rapor.pdf (Erişim tarihi: 12.01.2021).
  • 6. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, T.C. Kalkınma Bakanlığı ve TÜBİTAK (2013). ”Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması”. Erişim adresi:http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11655/23342/ilerianaliz.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y(Erişim tarihi 12.01.2021).
  • 7. Hoddinott, P, Tappin, D. and Wright, C.(2008). “Breast Feding”. British Medical Journal, 336, 881-887.
  • 8. Walters, C.N, Rakotomanana, H, Komakech, J.J. and Stoecker, B. J. (2019). “Maternal Determinants Of Optimal Breastfeeding And Complementary Feeding And Their Association With Child Undernutrition İn Malawi (2015–2016)”. BMC Public Health, 19 (1), 2-12.
  • 9. Davisse-Paturet, C, Adel-Patient, K, Divaret-Chauveau, A, Pierson, J, Lioret, S. and Cheminat, M. (2019). “Breastfeeding Status And Duration And İnfections, Hospitalizations For İnfections, And Antibiotic Use İn The First Two Years of Life İn The ELFE Cohort”. Nutrients, 11 (7), 2-12.
  • 10. Güngör, Ş, Acıpayam, C. ve Çelik, E. (2020). “9 Ay-4 Yaş Çocuklarda Anne Sütü Alım Süresinin ve Beslenme Alışkanlıklarının Primer Malnütrisyon Gelişimi Üzerine Etkileri”. Ortadoğu Tıp Dergisi, 12 (2), 233-40.
  • 11. Perrella, S, Gridneva, Z, Lai, C.T, Stinson, L, George, A. And Bilston-John, S. (2021). “Human Milk Composition Promotes Optimal İnfant Growth, Development and Health”. Seminars in Perinatology,45 (2), 1-9.
  • 12. Dogaru, C.M, Nyffenegger, D, Pescatore, A.M, Spycher, B.D. and Kuehni, C.E. (2014). “Breastfeeding and Childhood Asthma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”. American Journal of Epidemiology, 179 (10), 1153–67.
  • 13. Huang, C, Liu, W, Cai, J, Weschler, L.B, Wang, X. and Hu, Y. (2017). “Breastfeeding and Timing of First Dietary İntroduction in Relation to Childhood Asthma, Allergies, and Airway Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study”. Journal of Asthma, 54 (5), 488-97.
  • 14. Hu, Y, Chen, Y, Liu, S, Jiang, F, Wu, M. and Yan, C. (2021). “Breastfeeding Duration Modified the Effects of Neonatal and Familial Risk Factors on Childhood Asthma and Allergy: A Population-Based Study”. Respiratory Resaarch, 22 (41), 2-11.
  • 15. Owora, A.H. and Zhang, Y. (2021). “Childhood Wheeze Trajectory-Specific Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 32, 34-50.
  • 16. Peters, R.L, Koplin, J.J, Gurrin, L.C, Dharmage, S.C, Wake, M. and Ponsonby, A.L. (2017). “The Prevalence of Food Allergy and Other Allergic Diseases in Early Childhood in A Population-Based Study: Healthnuts Age 4-Year Follow-Up”. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 140 (1), 145-53.
  • 17. Lodge, C.J, Tan, D.J, Lau, M.X.Z, Dai, X, Tham, R. And Lowe, A.J. (2015). “Breastfeeding and Asthma and Allergies: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis”. Acta Paediatr,104, 38-53. 18. Güler, Y, Özdamar, K, Erdim, İ, Şen, A. ve Güler, R. (2018). “Anne Sütü İle Beslenme Alerjik Rinitten Korur Mu?”. Kulak Burun Boğaz Uygulamaları Dergisi, 6 (1), 17-21.
  • 19. Jelding-Dannemand, E, Malby Schoos, A.M. and Bisgaard, H. (2015). “Breast-Feeding Does not Protect Against Allergic Sensitization in Early Childhood and Allergy-Associated Disease at Age 7 Years”. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 136 (5), 1302-8.
  • 20. Brew, B.K, Wendy, A.C, Toelle, B.G. and Marks, G.B. (2011). “Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis İnvestigating Breast Feeding and Childhood Wheezing İllness”. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 25 (6), 507–18.
  • 21. Bion, V, Lockett, G.A, Soto-Ramírez, N, Zhang, H, Venter, C, Karmaus, W, Holloway, J.W. and Arshad, S.H. (2016). “Evaluating the Efficacy of Breastfeeding Guidelines on Long‐Term Outcomes for Allergic Disease”. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 71 (5), 661-70.
  • 22. Turan, M.İ, Ergüven, M. ve Özdemir, M. (2013). “Alerjik Rinit ve Bronşial Astımlı Çocuklarda Prenatal ve Çevresel Risk Faktörlerinin Değerlendirilmesi”. Nobel Medicus, 9 (2), 32-37.
  • 23. Pawankar, R. (2014). “Allergic Diseases and Asthma: A Global Public Health Concern and a Call to Action”. World Allergy Organization Journal, 7 (12), 1-3.
  • 24. Maurer, M, Fluhr, J.W and Khan, D.A. (2018). “How to Approach Chronic İnducible Urticaria”. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 6, 119-30.
  • 25. Greer, F.R, Sicherer, S.H. and Burks, A.W. (2019). “The Effects of Early Nutritional İnterventions on The Development of Atopic Disease in İnfants and Children: The Role of Maternal Dietary Restriction, Breastfeeding, Hydrolyzed Formulas, and Timing of İntroduction of Allergenic Complementary Foods”. Pediatrics, 143
  • 26. Järvinen, K.M, Martin, H. and Oyoshi, M.K. (2019). “Immunomodulatory Effects of Breast Milk on Food Allergy”. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 123 (2), 133-43.
  • 27. Şen, A. ve Güler Y. (2019). “Bebeklik döneminde formül mama ile beslenme alerjik rinit riskini arttırır mı?”. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 16 (1), 130-3.
  • 28. Neyzi, O, Günöz, H, Furman, A, Bundak, R, Gökçay, G. Ve Darendeliler, F. (2008). “Türk Çocuklarında Vücut Ağırlığı, Boy Uzunluğu, Baş Çevresi ve Vücut Kitle İndeksi Referans Değerleri”. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 51 (1), 1-14.
  • 29. Li, F, Zhou, Y, Li, S, Jiang, F, Jin, X. and Yan, C. (2011). “Prevalence and Risk Factors of Childhood Allergic Diseases in Eight Metropolitan Cities in China: A Multicenter Study”. BMC Public Health, 11 (437), 2-9.
  • 30. Largent, J, Nickerson, B, Cooper, D. and Delfino, R.J. (2012). “Paediatric Asthma Hospital Utilization Varies by Demographic Factors and Area Socio-Economic Status”. Public Health, 126 (11), 928-36.
  • 31. Thakur, N, Oh, S.S, Nguyen, E.A, Martin, M, Roth, L.A. and Galanter, J. (2013). “Socioeconomic Status and Childhood Asthma in Urban Minority Youths”. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 188 (10), 1202-1209.
  • 32. Strachan, D.P, Aït Khaled, N, Foliaki, S, Mallo, J, Odhiambo, J. and Pearce, N. (2014). “Siblings, Asthma, Rhinoconjunctivitis and Eczema: A Worldwide Perspective From The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood”. Clinical&Experimental Allergy, 45, 126-36.
  • 33. Wong, G.W, Leung, T.F. and Ko, F.W. (2013). “Changing Prevalence of Allergic Diseases in The Asia-Pacific Region”. Allergy Astım & Immunology Research, 5 (5), 251–57.
  • 34. Xu, D, Wang, Y, Chen, Z, Li, S, Cheng, Y. And Zhang, L. (2016). “Prevalence and Risk Factors For Asthma Among Children Aged 0-14 Years in Hangzhou: A Cross-Sectional Survey”. Respiratory Research,17 (122), 2-8.
  • 35. Karlstad, Ø, Nafstad, P, Tverdal, A, Skurtveit, S. and Furu, K. (2010). “Prevalence, İncidence and Persistence of Anti-Asthma Medication Use İn 2- To 29-Year-Olds: A Nationwide Prescription Study”. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 66, 399-406.
  • 36. Qu, F, Wrschler, L.B, Sundell, J. and Zhang, Y. (2013). “Increasing Prevalence of Asthma and Allergy in Beijing Pre-School Children: Is Exclusive Breastfeeding for More Than 6 Months Protective?”. Chinese Science Bulletin, 58 (34), 4190-202.
  • 37. Zein, J.G. and Erzurum, S.C. (2015). “Asthma is Different in Women”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 15 (28), 1-10.
  • 38. Fuseini, H, Newcomb, D. (2017). “Mechanisms Driving Gender Differences in Asthma”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports,17 (19), 1-9.
  • 39. Bigman, G. (2020). “Exclusive Breastfeeding for the First 3 Months of Life May Reduce the Risk of Respiratory Allergies and Some Asthma in Children at the Age of 6 Years”. Acta Paediatrica Nurtiring the Child, 109 (8), 1627-33.
  • 40. Han, D.H, Shin, J.M, An, S, Kim, J.S, Kim, D.Y, Moon, S. Et al. (2019). “Long-Term Breastfeeding in the Prevention of Allergic Rhinitis: Allergic Rhinitis Cohort Study for Kids (Arco-Kids Study)”. Clinical Experimental Otorhinolaryngology, 12 (3), 301-307.

Investigation of the Exclusive Breastfeeding and Total Breastfeeding Durations in Children with and without Diagnosis of Allergy

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 581 - 591, 18.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1094306

Abstract

The study was carried out to determine the relationship between the age of 2-6 years of children with or without a diagnosis of allergy, and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months and the total duration of breastfeeding. The study, which was designed as descriptive and correlational, was carried out between November 2019 and February 2021.Children aged 2-6 years and their parents who applied to the allergy clinic of a hospital located in the west of Turkey within the specified dates and met the research group selection criteria, and their parents were included in the study (n=390). Data were collected by face-to-face interview method using the "Descriptive Information Form" developed by the researcher in line with the literature. In addition to descriptive statistics in data analysis, t-test for independent samples, chi-square, Pearson product moment correlation analysis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used for intergroup normality distribution measurement. Ethical principles were adhered to at every stage of the study. A significant correlation was found between the duration of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months and whether the child was diagnosed with allergy or not (p<0,05). It was determined that the children who were not diagnosed with allergies had a longer period of exclusive breastfeeding No relationship was found between the total duration of breastfeeding and the time to switch to complementary foods, and whether or not they were diagnosed with allergy. It was thought that the increase in the duration of exclusive breastfeeding may be a factor that reduces the diagnosis of allergy and protects it from allergies. It is recommended that the necessary trainings be continued in the postpartum period, starting from the pregnancy period, in order to increase exclusive breastfeeding intake in the first six months and to make it widespread throughout the society.

References

  • 1. Bagga, N, Nadipineni, R, Mohamed, A, Poddutoor, P. and Chirla, K. (2018). “A Quality İnitiative To İmprove Exclusive Breast Milk Feeding İn Preterm Neonates”. International Journal of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 5 (4), 131-4.
  • 2. United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), World Health Organization. (2018). “Capture The Moment- Early initation of breastfeeding: The best start of every newborn”. Erişim adresi: https://www.unicef.org/eca/media/4256/file/Capture-the-moment-EIBF-report.pdf (Erişim tarihi:12.01.2021).
  • 3. World Health Organization (WHO). (2018). “Global Nutrition Targets 2025: Breastfeeding policy brief”. Erişim adresi: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/149022/WHO_NMH_NHD_14.7_eng.pdf?sequence=1 (Erişim tarihi:12.01.2021).
  • 4. Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (CDC) (2020). “Breastfeeding Report Card United States:”. Erişim adresi: https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/pdf/2020-Breastfeeding-Report-Card. (Erişim tarihi 12.01.2021).
  • 5. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, T.C. Kalkınma Bakanlığı ve TÜBİTAK (2018). ”Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması”. Erişim adresi:file:///C:/Users/COMU/Downloads/TNSA2018_ana_Rapor.pdf (Erişim tarihi: 12.01.2021).
  • 6. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, T.C. Kalkınma Bakanlığı ve TÜBİTAK (2013). ”Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması”. Erişim adresi:http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11655/23342/ilerianaliz.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y(Erişim tarihi 12.01.2021).
  • 7. Hoddinott, P, Tappin, D. and Wright, C.(2008). “Breast Feding”. British Medical Journal, 336, 881-887.
  • 8. Walters, C.N, Rakotomanana, H, Komakech, J.J. and Stoecker, B. J. (2019). “Maternal Determinants Of Optimal Breastfeeding And Complementary Feeding And Their Association With Child Undernutrition İn Malawi (2015–2016)”. BMC Public Health, 19 (1), 2-12.
  • 9. Davisse-Paturet, C, Adel-Patient, K, Divaret-Chauveau, A, Pierson, J, Lioret, S. and Cheminat, M. (2019). “Breastfeeding Status And Duration And İnfections, Hospitalizations For İnfections, And Antibiotic Use İn The First Two Years of Life İn The ELFE Cohort”. Nutrients, 11 (7), 2-12.
  • 10. Güngör, Ş, Acıpayam, C. ve Çelik, E. (2020). “9 Ay-4 Yaş Çocuklarda Anne Sütü Alım Süresinin ve Beslenme Alışkanlıklarının Primer Malnütrisyon Gelişimi Üzerine Etkileri”. Ortadoğu Tıp Dergisi, 12 (2), 233-40.
  • 11. Perrella, S, Gridneva, Z, Lai, C.T, Stinson, L, George, A. And Bilston-John, S. (2021). “Human Milk Composition Promotes Optimal İnfant Growth, Development and Health”. Seminars in Perinatology,45 (2), 1-9.
  • 12. Dogaru, C.M, Nyffenegger, D, Pescatore, A.M, Spycher, B.D. and Kuehni, C.E. (2014). “Breastfeeding and Childhood Asthma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”. American Journal of Epidemiology, 179 (10), 1153–67.
  • 13. Huang, C, Liu, W, Cai, J, Weschler, L.B, Wang, X. and Hu, Y. (2017). “Breastfeeding and Timing of First Dietary İntroduction in Relation to Childhood Asthma, Allergies, and Airway Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study”. Journal of Asthma, 54 (5), 488-97.
  • 14. Hu, Y, Chen, Y, Liu, S, Jiang, F, Wu, M. and Yan, C. (2021). “Breastfeeding Duration Modified the Effects of Neonatal and Familial Risk Factors on Childhood Asthma and Allergy: A Population-Based Study”. Respiratory Resaarch, 22 (41), 2-11.
  • 15. Owora, A.H. and Zhang, Y. (2021). “Childhood Wheeze Trajectory-Specific Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 32, 34-50.
  • 16. Peters, R.L, Koplin, J.J, Gurrin, L.C, Dharmage, S.C, Wake, M. and Ponsonby, A.L. (2017). “The Prevalence of Food Allergy and Other Allergic Diseases in Early Childhood in A Population-Based Study: Healthnuts Age 4-Year Follow-Up”. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 140 (1), 145-53.
  • 17. Lodge, C.J, Tan, D.J, Lau, M.X.Z, Dai, X, Tham, R. And Lowe, A.J. (2015). “Breastfeeding and Asthma and Allergies: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis”. Acta Paediatr,104, 38-53. 18. Güler, Y, Özdamar, K, Erdim, İ, Şen, A. ve Güler, R. (2018). “Anne Sütü İle Beslenme Alerjik Rinitten Korur Mu?”. Kulak Burun Boğaz Uygulamaları Dergisi, 6 (1), 17-21.
  • 19. Jelding-Dannemand, E, Malby Schoos, A.M. and Bisgaard, H. (2015). “Breast-Feeding Does not Protect Against Allergic Sensitization in Early Childhood and Allergy-Associated Disease at Age 7 Years”. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 136 (5), 1302-8.
  • 20. Brew, B.K, Wendy, A.C, Toelle, B.G. and Marks, G.B. (2011). “Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis İnvestigating Breast Feeding and Childhood Wheezing İllness”. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 25 (6), 507–18.
  • 21. Bion, V, Lockett, G.A, Soto-Ramírez, N, Zhang, H, Venter, C, Karmaus, W, Holloway, J.W. and Arshad, S.H. (2016). “Evaluating the Efficacy of Breastfeeding Guidelines on Long‐Term Outcomes for Allergic Disease”. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 71 (5), 661-70.
  • 22. Turan, M.İ, Ergüven, M. ve Özdemir, M. (2013). “Alerjik Rinit ve Bronşial Astımlı Çocuklarda Prenatal ve Çevresel Risk Faktörlerinin Değerlendirilmesi”. Nobel Medicus, 9 (2), 32-37.
  • 23. Pawankar, R. (2014). “Allergic Diseases and Asthma: A Global Public Health Concern and a Call to Action”. World Allergy Organization Journal, 7 (12), 1-3.
  • 24. Maurer, M, Fluhr, J.W and Khan, D.A. (2018). “How to Approach Chronic İnducible Urticaria”. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 6, 119-30.
  • 25. Greer, F.R, Sicherer, S.H. and Burks, A.W. (2019). “The Effects of Early Nutritional İnterventions on The Development of Atopic Disease in İnfants and Children: The Role of Maternal Dietary Restriction, Breastfeeding, Hydrolyzed Formulas, and Timing of İntroduction of Allergenic Complementary Foods”. Pediatrics, 143
  • 26. Järvinen, K.M, Martin, H. and Oyoshi, M.K. (2019). “Immunomodulatory Effects of Breast Milk on Food Allergy”. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 123 (2), 133-43.
  • 27. Şen, A. ve Güler Y. (2019). “Bebeklik döneminde formül mama ile beslenme alerjik rinit riskini arttırır mı?”. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 16 (1), 130-3.
  • 28. Neyzi, O, Günöz, H, Furman, A, Bundak, R, Gökçay, G. Ve Darendeliler, F. (2008). “Türk Çocuklarında Vücut Ağırlığı, Boy Uzunluğu, Baş Çevresi ve Vücut Kitle İndeksi Referans Değerleri”. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 51 (1), 1-14.
  • 29. Li, F, Zhou, Y, Li, S, Jiang, F, Jin, X. and Yan, C. (2011). “Prevalence and Risk Factors of Childhood Allergic Diseases in Eight Metropolitan Cities in China: A Multicenter Study”. BMC Public Health, 11 (437), 2-9.
  • 30. Largent, J, Nickerson, B, Cooper, D. and Delfino, R.J. (2012). “Paediatric Asthma Hospital Utilization Varies by Demographic Factors and Area Socio-Economic Status”. Public Health, 126 (11), 928-36.
  • 31. Thakur, N, Oh, S.S, Nguyen, E.A, Martin, M, Roth, L.A. and Galanter, J. (2013). “Socioeconomic Status and Childhood Asthma in Urban Minority Youths”. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 188 (10), 1202-1209.
  • 32. Strachan, D.P, Aït Khaled, N, Foliaki, S, Mallo, J, Odhiambo, J. and Pearce, N. (2014). “Siblings, Asthma, Rhinoconjunctivitis and Eczema: A Worldwide Perspective From The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood”. Clinical&Experimental Allergy, 45, 126-36.
  • 33. Wong, G.W, Leung, T.F. and Ko, F.W. (2013). “Changing Prevalence of Allergic Diseases in The Asia-Pacific Region”. Allergy Astım & Immunology Research, 5 (5), 251–57.
  • 34. Xu, D, Wang, Y, Chen, Z, Li, S, Cheng, Y. And Zhang, L. (2016). “Prevalence and Risk Factors For Asthma Among Children Aged 0-14 Years in Hangzhou: A Cross-Sectional Survey”. Respiratory Research,17 (122), 2-8.
  • 35. Karlstad, Ø, Nafstad, P, Tverdal, A, Skurtveit, S. and Furu, K. (2010). “Prevalence, İncidence and Persistence of Anti-Asthma Medication Use İn 2- To 29-Year-Olds: A Nationwide Prescription Study”. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 66, 399-406.
  • 36. Qu, F, Wrschler, L.B, Sundell, J. and Zhang, Y. (2013). “Increasing Prevalence of Asthma and Allergy in Beijing Pre-School Children: Is Exclusive Breastfeeding for More Than 6 Months Protective?”. Chinese Science Bulletin, 58 (34), 4190-202.
  • 37. Zein, J.G. and Erzurum, S.C. (2015). “Asthma is Different in Women”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 15 (28), 1-10.
  • 38. Fuseini, H, Newcomb, D. (2017). “Mechanisms Driving Gender Differences in Asthma”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports,17 (19), 1-9.
  • 39. Bigman, G. (2020). “Exclusive Breastfeeding for the First 3 Months of Life May Reduce the Risk of Respiratory Allergies and Some Asthma in Children at the Age of 6 Years”. Acta Paediatrica Nurtiring the Child, 109 (8), 1627-33.
  • 40. Han, D.H, Shin, J.M, An, S, Kim, J.S, Kim, D.Y, Moon, S. Et al. (2019). “Long-Term Breastfeeding in the Prevention of Allergic Rhinitis: Allergic Rhinitis Cohort Study for Kids (Arco-Kids Study)”. Clinical Experimental Otorhinolaryngology, 12 (3), 301-307.
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Şeyda Durmaz This is me 0000-0001-6340-8431

Fatma Yılmaz Kurt 0000-0001-9647-6764

Publication Date June 18, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 12 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Durmaz, Ş., & Yılmaz Kurt, F. (2023). Alerji Tanısı Alan ve Almayan Çocukların Sadece Anne Sütü ve Toplam Anne Sütü Alma Sürelerinin İncelenmesi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(2), 581-591. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1094306
AMA Durmaz Ş, Yılmaz Kurt F. Alerji Tanısı Alan ve Almayan Çocukların Sadece Anne Sütü ve Toplam Anne Sütü Alma Sürelerinin İncelenmesi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. June 2023;12(2):581-591. doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1094306
Chicago Durmaz, Şeyda, and Fatma Yılmaz Kurt. “Alerji Tanısı Alan Ve Almayan Çocukların Sadece Anne Sütü Ve Toplam Anne Sütü Alma Sürelerinin İncelenmesi”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12, no. 2 (June 2023): 581-91. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1094306.
EndNote Durmaz Ş, Yılmaz Kurt F (June 1, 2023) Alerji Tanısı Alan ve Almayan Çocukların Sadece Anne Sütü ve Toplam Anne Sütü Alma Sürelerinin İncelenmesi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12 2 581–591.
IEEE Ş. Durmaz and F. Yılmaz Kurt, “Alerji Tanısı Alan ve Almayan Çocukların Sadece Anne Sütü ve Toplam Anne Sütü Alma Sürelerinin İncelenmesi”, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 581–591, 2023, doi: 10.37989/gumussagbil.1094306.
ISNAD Durmaz, Şeyda - Yılmaz Kurt, Fatma. “Alerji Tanısı Alan Ve Almayan Çocukların Sadece Anne Sütü Ve Toplam Anne Sütü Alma Sürelerinin İncelenmesi”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12/2 (June 2023), 581-591. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1094306.
JAMA Durmaz Ş, Yılmaz Kurt F. Alerji Tanısı Alan ve Almayan Çocukların Sadece Anne Sütü ve Toplam Anne Sütü Alma Sürelerinin İncelenmesi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;12:581–591.
MLA Durmaz, Şeyda and Fatma Yılmaz Kurt. “Alerji Tanısı Alan Ve Almayan Çocukların Sadece Anne Sütü Ve Toplam Anne Sütü Alma Sürelerinin İncelenmesi”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 2, 2023, pp. 581-9, doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1094306.
Vancouver Durmaz Ş, Yılmaz Kurt F. Alerji Tanısı Alan ve Almayan Çocukların Sadece Anne Sütü ve Toplam Anne Sütü Alma Sürelerinin İncelenmesi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;12(2):581-9.