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COVID-19 NEDENİYLE HASTANEYE YATIRILMIŞ 504 HASTANIN ÖZELLİKLERİ VE MORTALİTE AÇISINDAN RİSK FAKTÖRLERİ

Year 2022, Volume: 85 Issue: 1, 1 - 8, 25.01.2022

Alpay Medetalibeyoğlu Elif Ezirmik Naci Şenkal Sena Bayrakdar İrem Aktar Reyhan Akas Ebru Yılmaz Huzeyfe Arıcı Murat Kose Timur Akpınar Atahan Çağatay Tufan Tükek

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, COVID-19 nedeniyle tedavi almak üzere hastaneye yatırılan 504 hastanın demografik özellikleri, semptomları ve komorbiditeleri incelenerek; bu özelliklerin yoğun bakım ünitesine yatış ve mortalite ile ilişkisini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu araştırma, 16.03.2020-07.05.2020 tarihleri arasında COVID-19 tedavisi almak üzere İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi’ne yatırılan 504 hastanın dahil edildiği tanımlayıcı tipte bir araştırmadır. Hastalara ait bilgiler hastane otomasyon sisteminden alınarak retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Beşyüz dört hastanın yaş ortalaması 56±15,14 yıldı, hastaların %59,1’i erkekti. Yoğun bakım ünitesine yatışı olan hastaların oranı %11,9; ölen hastaların oranı %8,52’di. Hastaların %60,5’inin test sonucu pozitifti. Hastanede kalınan sürenin ortancası sekiz gündü. Hastaların %56’sının en az bir komorbid hastalığı vardı; hipertansiyon (%39,3) ve diyabet (%20,8) en sık eşlik eden komorbiditelerdi. Altmış beş yaş ve üzeri olmak (p<0,001), hastanede kalınan gün sayısı (p<0,001), en az bir komorbidite varlığı (p=0,009), hipertansiyon (p=0,003), koroner arter hastalığı (p=0,004), konjestif kalp yetmezliği (p=0,005) ve dispne (p<0,001), yoğun bakıma yatış ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Yüksek morbidite-mortalite oranlarına ve yoğun bakım ünitesine yatış ihtiyacının artmasına neden COVID-19, özellikle yaşlı hastalarda ve dispnesi olan hastalarda daha yüksek mortalite oranlarına neden olmaktadır. Hastaneye başvuran COVID-19 şüpheli hastalar değerlendirilirken özellikle hastanın yaşı ve solunum sistemi semptomları göz önünde bulundurularak klinik değerlendirilmesinin yapılması hastalığın seyri açısından önem taşımaktadır.

Keywords

COVID-19 Mortalite Yoğun bakım ünitesine kabul COVID-19 risk faktörü

References

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  • 12. Velavan TP, Meyer CG. The COVID-19 epidemic. Trop Med Int Heal 2020;25(3):278-80. [CrossRef]
  • 13. Bertsimas D, Lukin G, Mingardi L, Nohadani O, Orfanoudaki A, Stellato B, et al. COVID-19 mortality risk assessment: An international multi-center study. PLoS One 2020;15(12):1- 13. [CrossRef]
  • 14. Yang J, Zheng Y, Gou X, Pu K, Chen Z. Prevalence of comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARSCoV- 2: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Infect Dis 2020;94:91-5. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Emami A, Javanmardi F, Pirbonyeh N, Akbari A. Prevalence of underlying diseases in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Acad Emerg Med 2020;8(1):e35. [CrossRef]
  • 16. Gopal Rao G, Allen A, Papineni P, Wang L, Anderson C, McGregor A, et al. Cross-sectional observational study of epidemiology of COVID-19 and clinical outcomes of hospitalised patients in North West London during March and April 2020. BMJ Open 2021;11(2):1-9. [CrossRef]
  • 17. Erol AT, Aşar S, Sabaz MS, Bilgin BÖ, Çukurova Z. Risk factors for 28-day mortality among COVID-19 patients in an intensive care unit of a tertiary care center in Istanbul. Med J Bakirkoy 2021;17(1):100-7. [CrossRef]
  • 18. Jalali Nadoushan M, Ahmadi S, Jalali Nadoushan P, Azzi L, Carcano G, Gianfagna F, et al. Hematologic, biochemical and immune biomarker abnormalities associated with severe illness and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a meta-analysis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020;58(7):1021-8. [CrossRef]
  • 19. Gómez-Belda AB, Fernández-Garcés M, Mateo-Sanchis E, Madrazo M, Carmona M, Piles-Roger L, et al. COVID-19 in older adults: What are the differences with younger patients? Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021;21(1):60-5. [CrossRef]
  • 20. Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: Summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention. JAMA - J Am Med Assoc 2020;323(13):1239-42. [CrossRef]
  • 21. Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, Liang W, Ou C, He J, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 2020;382(18):1708-20. [CrossRef]
  • 22. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health COVID-19 Weekly Report [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Apr 26]. Available from: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/39229/0/ covid-19-haftalik-durum-raporu---43pdf.pdf?_ tag1=70F7CD89B8F7191D8FAD3ACF29EF550190C31B61
  • 23. Medetalibeyoglu A, Senkal N, Kose M, Catma Y, Bilge Caparali E, Erelel M, et al. Older adults hospitalized with COVID-19: Clinical characteristics and early outcomes from a single center in Istanbul, Turkey. J Nutr Heal Aging 2020;24(9):928-37. [CrossRef]
  • 24. Weiss P, Murdoch DR. Clinical course and mortality risk of severe COVID-19. Lancet 2020;395:1014-5. [CrossRef]
  • 25. Shahid Z, Kalayanamitra R, McClafferty B, Kepko D, Ramgobin D, Patel R, et al. COVID-19 and older adults: What we know. J Am Geriatr Soc 2020;68(5):926-9. [CrossRef]
  • 26. Setiati S, Harimurti K, Safitri ED, Ranakusuma RW, Saldi SRF, Azwar MK, et al. Risk factors and laboratory test results associated with severe illness and mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review. Acta Med Indones 2020;52(3):227-45.
  • 27. Van Halem K, Bruyndonckx R, Van Der Hilst J, Cox J, Driesen P, Opsomer M et al. Risk factors for mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 at the start of the pandemic in Belgium: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2020;20:1-10. [CrossRef]
  • 28. COVID-ICU Group on behalf of the REVA Network and the COVID-ICU Investigators. Clinical characteristics and day- 90 outcomes of 4244 critically ill adults with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study. Intensive Care Med 2021;47(1):60- 73. [CrossRef]
  • 29. Grasselli G, Greco M, Zanella A, Albano G, Antonelli M, Bellani G, et al. Risk factors associated with mortality among patients with COVID-19 in intensive care units in Lombardy, Italy. JAMA Intern Med 2020;180(10):1345-55. [CrossRef]
  • 30. Suleyman G, Fadel RA, Malette KM, Hammond C, Abdulla H, Entz A, et al. Clinical characteristics and morbidity associated with coronavirus disease 2019 in a series of patients in metropolitan Detroit. JAMA Netw Open 2020;3(6):1-12. [CrossRef]
  • 31. Ejaz H, Alsrhani A, Zafar A, Javed H, Junaid K, Abdalla AE, et al. COVID-19 and comorbidities: Deleterious impact on infected patients. J Infect Public Health 2020;13(12):1833-9. [CrossRef]
  • 32. Matta S, Chopra KK, Arora VK. Morbidity and mortality trends of Covid 19 in top 10 countries. Indian J Tuberc 2020;67:S167-72. [CrossRef]
  • 33. Guo W, Li M, Dong Y, Zhou H, Zhang Z, Tian C, et al. Diabetes is a risk factor for the progression and prognosis of COVID-19. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020;36(7):e3319. [CrossRef]
  • 34. Albitar O, Ballouze R, Ooi JP, Ghadzi SMS. Risk factors for mortality of COVID-19 patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;166:108923. [CrossRef]
  • 35. Du RH, Liang LR, Yang CQ, Wang W, Cao TZ, Li M, et al. Predictors of mortality for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia caused by SARSCoV- 2: A prospective cohort study. Eur Respir J 2020;55(5):1-8.
  • 36. Van Halem K, Bruyndonckx R, Van Der Hilst J, Cox J, Driesen P, Opsomer M et al. Risk factors for mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 at the start of the pandemic in Belgium: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2020;20(1):1-10. [CrossRef]
  • 37. Matsushita K, Ding N, Kou M, Hu X, Chen M, Gao Y, et al. The relationship of COVID-19 severity with cardiovascular disease and its traditional risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Glob Heart 2020;15(1):1-14. [CrossRef]
  • 38. Zheng Y, Xiong C, Liu Y, Qian X, Tang Y, Liu L. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics analysis of COVID-19 in the surrounding areas of Wuhan, Hubei Province in 2020. Pharmacol Res 2020;157:1-6. [CrossRef]
  • 39. Castelnuvo A, Bonaccio M, Costanzo S, Gialluisi A. Common cardiovascular risk factors and in-hospital mortality in 3,894 patients with COVID-19: survival analysis and machine learning-based findings from the multicentre Italian CORIST Study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020;30(11):1899-913. [CrossRef]
  • 40. Huang H, Song B, Xu Z, Jiao Y, Huang L, Zhao P, et al. Predictors of coronavirus disease 2019 severity: A retrospective study of 64 cases. Jpn J Infect Dis 2021;74(1):54-60. [CrossRef]
  • 41. Di Fusco M, Shea KM, Lin J, Nguyen JL, Angulo FJ, Benigno M, et al. Health outcomes and economic burden of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the United States. J Med Econ 2021;24(1):308-17. [CrossRef]
  • 42. Yang L, Jin J, Luo W, Gan Y, Chen B, Li W. Risk factors for predicting mortality of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS One 2020;15(11):1-11. [CrossRef]

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY IN 504 HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS DUE TO COVID-19

Year 2022, Volume: 85 Issue: 1, 1 - 8, 25.01.2022

Alpay Medetalibeyoğlu Elif Ezirmik Naci Şenkal Sena Bayrakdar İrem Aktar Reyhan Akas Ebru Yılmaz Huzeyfe Arıcı Murat Kose Timur Akpınar Atahan Çağatay Tufan Tükek

Abstract

Objective: In this study, we aimed to analyze the demographic characteristics, symptoms, and comorbidities of 504 patients hospitalized for COVID-19. We also sought to describe the relationship between these features and intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality. Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive study involving 504 COVID-19 patients hospitalized between 16.03.2020 and 07.05.2020 at Istanbul Universitys’ Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Hospital. Information about the patients was obtained from the hospital automation system and evaluated retrospectively. Results: The average age of the 504 patients was 56±15.14, and 59.1% of them were male. The proportion of the patients admitted into ICU 11.9% and for 8.52% of them the disease resulted in death. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test results were positive for 60.5% of the patients. The median time spent in the hospital was eight days. Fifty six percent of the patients had at least one accompanying comorbid disease, with hypertension (39.3%) and diabetes (20.8%) being the most common. Being 65 years old or older (p<0.001), days spent in the hospital (p<0.001), presence of at least one comorbidity (p=0.009), hypertension (p=0.003), coronary artery disease (p=0.004), congestive heart failure (p=0.005) and dyspnea (p<0.001) were all factors found in those admitted to ICU. Conclusion: COVID-19 infection leading to high morbidity-mortality rates and an increased requirement for ICU admission is mainly seen among older patients and those who have dyspnea. During the process of analyzing patients suspected of COVID-19 who are admitted to hospital, it is crucial to consider both the patient’s age and any respiratory symptoms. Such a clinical evaluation is crucial for a better understanding of the course of the disease.

Keywords

COVID-19 mortality admission to intensive care unit COVID-19 risk factors

References

  • 1. WHO Virtual press conference on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020 [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Apr 16]. p. 1-17. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/ transcripts/who-audio-emergencies-coronavirus-pressconference- full-and-final-11mar2020.pdf?sfvrsn=cb432bb3_2
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  • 3. Grasselli G, Pesenti A, Cecconi M. Critical care utilization for the COVID-19 outbreak in Lombardy, Italy early experience and forecast during an emergency response. J Am Med Assoc 2020;323(16):1545-6. [CrossRef]
  • 4. Grasselli G, Zangrillo A, Zanella A, Antonelli M, Cabrini L, Castelli A, et al. Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 1591 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy region, Italy. JAMA - J Am Med Assoc 2020;323(16):1574-81. [CrossRef]
  • 5. WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard | WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard With Vaccination Data. 2021 [cited 2021 Apr 16]. Available from: https://covid19.who.int/
  • 6. Republic of Turkey ministry of health COVID-19 information platform general coronavirus table 2021. Available from: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/EN-69532/general-coronavirustable. html
  • 7. Li J, Huang DQ, Zou B, Yang H, Hui WZ, Rui F, et al. Epidemiology of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes. J Med Virol 2021;93(3):1449-58. [CrossRef]
  • 8. Ge H, Wang X, Yuan X, Xiao G, Wang C, Deng T, et al. The epidemiology and clinical information about COVID-19. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020;39(6):1011-9. [CrossRef]
  • 9. Abdollahi E, Champredon D, Langley JM, Galvani AP, Moghadas SM. Temporal estimates of case-fatality rate for COVID-19 outbreaks in Canada and the United States. Can Med Assoc J 2020;192(25):E666-70. [CrossRef]
  • 10. Yang S, Cao P, Du P, Wu Z, Zhuang Z, Yang L, et al. Early estimation of the case fatality rate of COVID-19 in mainland China: a data-driven analysis. Ann Transl Med 2020;8(4):128. [CrossRef]
  • 11. Rajgor DD, Lee MH, Archuleta S, Bagdasarian N, Quek SC. The many estimates of the COVID-19 case fatality rate. Lancet Infect Dis 2020;20(7):776-7. [CrossRef]
  • 12. Velavan TP, Meyer CG. The COVID-19 epidemic. Trop Med Int Heal 2020;25(3):278-80. [CrossRef]
  • 13. Bertsimas D, Lukin G, Mingardi L, Nohadani O, Orfanoudaki A, Stellato B, et al. COVID-19 mortality risk assessment: An international multi-center study. PLoS One 2020;15(12):1- 13. [CrossRef]
  • 14. Yang J, Zheng Y, Gou X, Pu K, Chen Z. Prevalence of comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARSCoV- 2: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Infect Dis 2020;94:91-5. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Emami A, Javanmardi F, Pirbonyeh N, Akbari A. Prevalence of underlying diseases in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Acad Emerg Med 2020;8(1):e35. [CrossRef]
  • 16. Gopal Rao G, Allen A, Papineni P, Wang L, Anderson C, McGregor A, et al. Cross-sectional observational study of epidemiology of COVID-19 and clinical outcomes of hospitalised patients in North West London during March and April 2020. BMJ Open 2021;11(2):1-9. [CrossRef]
  • 17. Erol AT, Aşar S, Sabaz MS, Bilgin BÖ, Çukurova Z. Risk factors for 28-day mortality among COVID-19 patients in an intensive care unit of a tertiary care center in Istanbul. Med J Bakirkoy 2021;17(1):100-7. [CrossRef]
  • 18. Jalali Nadoushan M, Ahmadi S, Jalali Nadoushan P, Azzi L, Carcano G, Gianfagna F, et al. Hematologic, biochemical and immune biomarker abnormalities associated with severe illness and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a meta-analysis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020;58(7):1021-8. [CrossRef]
  • 19. Gómez-Belda AB, Fernández-Garcés M, Mateo-Sanchis E, Madrazo M, Carmona M, Piles-Roger L, et al. COVID-19 in older adults: What are the differences with younger patients? Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021;21(1):60-5. [CrossRef]
  • 20. Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: Summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention. JAMA - J Am Med Assoc 2020;323(13):1239-42. [CrossRef]
  • 21. Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, Liang W, Ou C, He J, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 2020;382(18):1708-20. [CrossRef]
  • 22. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health COVID-19 Weekly Report [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Apr 26]. Available from: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/39229/0/ covid-19-haftalik-durum-raporu---43pdf.pdf?_ tag1=70F7CD89B8F7191D8FAD3ACF29EF550190C31B61
  • 23. Medetalibeyoglu A, Senkal N, Kose M, Catma Y, Bilge Caparali E, Erelel M, et al. Older adults hospitalized with COVID-19: Clinical characteristics and early outcomes from a single center in Istanbul, Turkey. J Nutr Heal Aging 2020;24(9):928-37. [CrossRef]
  • 24. Weiss P, Murdoch DR. Clinical course and mortality risk of severe COVID-19. Lancet 2020;395:1014-5. [CrossRef]
  • 25. Shahid Z, Kalayanamitra R, McClafferty B, Kepko D, Ramgobin D, Patel R, et al. COVID-19 and older adults: What we know. J Am Geriatr Soc 2020;68(5):926-9. [CrossRef]
  • 26. Setiati S, Harimurti K, Safitri ED, Ranakusuma RW, Saldi SRF, Azwar MK, et al. Risk factors and laboratory test results associated with severe illness and mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review. Acta Med Indones 2020;52(3):227-45.
  • 27. Van Halem K, Bruyndonckx R, Van Der Hilst J, Cox J, Driesen P, Opsomer M et al. Risk factors for mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 at the start of the pandemic in Belgium: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2020;20:1-10. [CrossRef]
  • 28. COVID-ICU Group on behalf of the REVA Network and the COVID-ICU Investigators. Clinical characteristics and day- 90 outcomes of 4244 critically ill adults with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study. Intensive Care Med 2021;47(1):60- 73. [CrossRef]
  • 29. Grasselli G, Greco M, Zanella A, Albano G, Antonelli M, Bellani G, et al. Risk factors associated with mortality among patients with COVID-19 in intensive care units in Lombardy, Italy. JAMA Intern Med 2020;180(10):1345-55. [CrossRef]
  • 30. Suleyman G, Fadel RA, Malette KM, Hammond C, Abdulla H, Entz A, et al. Clinical characteristics and morbidity associated with coronavirus disease 2019 in a series of patients in metropolitan Detroit. JAMA Netw Open 2020;3(6):1-12. [CrossRef]
  • 31. Ejaz H, Alsrhani A, Zafar A, Javed H, Junaid K, Abdalla AE, et al. COVID-19 and comorbidities: Deleterious impact on infected patients. J Infect Public Health 2020;13(12):1833-9. [CrossRef]
  • 32. Matta S, Chopra KK, Arora VK. Morbidity and mortality trends of Covid 19 in top 10 countries. Indian J Tuberc 2020;67:S167-72. [CrossRef]
  • 33. Guo W, Li M, Dong Y, Zhou H, Zhang Z, Tian C, et al. Diabetes is a risk factor for the progression and prognosis of COVID-19. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020;36(7):e3319. [CrossRef]
  • 34. Albitar O, Ballouze R, Ooi JP, Ghadzi SMS. Risk factors for mortality of COVID-19 patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;166:108923. [CrossRef]
  • 35. Du RH, Liang LR, Yang CQ, Wang W, Cao TZ, Li M, et al. Predictors of mortality for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia caused by SARSCoV- 2: A prospective cohort study. Eur Respir J 2020;55(5):1-8.
  • 36. Van Halem K, Bruyndonckx R, Van Der Hilst J, Cox J, Driesen P, Opsomer M et al. Risk factors for mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 at the start of the pandemic in Belgium: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2020;20(1):1-10. [CrossRef]
  • 37. Matsushita K, Ding N, Kou M, Hu X, Chen M, Gao Y, et al. The relationship of COVID-19 severity with cardiovascular disease and its traditional risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Glob Heart 2020;15(1):1-14. [CrossRef]
  • 38. Zheng Y, Xiong C, Liu Y, Qian X, Tang Y, Liu L. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics analysis of COVID-19 in the surrounding areas of Wuhan, Hubei Province in 2020. Pharmacol Res 2020;157:1-6. [CrossRef]
  • 39. Castelnuvo A, Bonaccio M, Costanzo S, Gialluisi A. Common cardiovascular risk factors and in-hospital mortality in 3,894 patients with COVID-19: survival analysis and machine learning-based findings from the multicentre Italian CORIST Study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020;30(11):1899-913. [CrossRef]
  • 40. Huang H, Song B, Xu Z, Jiao Y, Huang L, Zhao P, et al. Predictors of coronavirus disease 2019 severity: A retrospective study of 64 cases. Jpn J Infect Dis 2021;74(1):54-60. [CrossRef]
  • 41. Di Fusco M, Shea KM, Lin J, Nguyen JL, Angulo FJ, Benigno M, et al. Health outcomes and economic burden of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the United States. J Med Econ 2021;24(1):308-17. [CrossRef]
  • 42. Yang L, Jin J, Luo W, Gan Y, Chen B, Li W. Risk factors for predicting mortality of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS One 2020;15(11):1-11. [CrossRef]
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section RESEARCH
Authors

Alpay Medetalibeyoğlu 0000-0002-5753-9790

Elif Ezirmik 0000-0001-6828-4378

Naci Şenkal 0000-0001-7072-8724

Sena Bayrakdar 0000-0002-4675-185X

İrem Aktar This is me 0000-0003-4279-0517

Reyhan Akas 0000-0002-2955-0685

Ebru Yılmaz This is me 0000-0002-5753-9790

Huzeyfe Arıcı 0000-0003-4128-8533

Murat Kose 0000-0002-7487-9287

Timur Akpınar 0000-0002-9591-4475

Atahan Çağatay 0000-0002-3051-8199

Tufan Tükek 0000-0002-4237-1163

Publication Date January 25, 2022
Submission Date May 17, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 85 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Medetalibeyoğlu, A., Ezirmik, E., Şenkal, N., Bayrakdar, S., et al. (2022). PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY IN 504 HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS DUE TO COVID-19. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 85(1), 1-8.
AMA Medetalibeyoğlu A, Ezirmik E, Şenkal N, Bayrakdar S, Aktar İ, Akas R, Yılmaz E, Arıcı H, Kose M, Akpınar T, Çağatay A, Tükek T. PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY IN 504 HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS DUE TO COVID-19. İst Tıp Fak Derg. January 2022;85(1):1-8.
Chicago Medetalibeyoğlu, Alpay, Elif Ezirmik, Naci Şenkal, Sena Bayrakdar, İrem Aktar, Reyhan Akas, Ebru Yılmaz, Huzeyfe Arıcı, Murat Kose, Timur Akpınar, Atahan Çağatay, and Tufan Tükek. “PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY IN 504 HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS DUE TO COVID-19”. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 85, no. 1 (January 2022): 1-8.
EndNote Medetalibeyoğlu A, Ezirmik E, Şenkal N, Bayrakdar S, Aktar İ, Akas R, Yılmaz E, Arıcı H, Kose M, Akpınar T, Çağatay A, Tükek T (January 1, 2022) PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY IN 504 HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS DUE TO COVID-19. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 85 1 1–8.
IEEE A. Medetalibeyoğlu, “PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY IN 504 HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS DUE TO COVID-19”, İst Tıp Fak Derg, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2022.
ISNAD Medetalibeyoğlu, Alpay et al. “PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY IN 504 HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS DUE TO COVID-19”. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 85/1 (January 2022), 1-8.
JAMA Medetalibeyoğlu A, Ezirmik E, Şenkal N, Bayrakdar S, Aktar İ, Akas R, Yılmaz E, Arıcı H, Kose M, Akpınar T, Çağatay A, Tükek T. PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY IN 504 HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS DUE TO COVID-19. İst Tıp Fak Derg. 2022;85:1–8.
MLA Medetalibeyoğlu, Alpay et al. “PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY IN 504 HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS DUE TO COVID-19”. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, vol. 85, no. 1, 2022, pp. 1-8.
Vancouver Medetalibeyoğlu A, Ezirmik E, Şenkal N, Bayrakdar S, Aktar İ, Akas R, Yılmaz E, Arıcı H, Kose M, Akpınar T, Çağatay A, Tükek T. PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY IN 504 HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS DUE TO COVID-19. İst Tıp Fak Derg. 2022;85(1):1-8.
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