Abstract
Risk değerlendirme, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği
yönetim sisteminin en önemli aşamalarından birisidir. Risk değerlendirme ile
var olan veya ortaya çıkması muhtemel tehlikeler belirlenmekte ve bunlara
ilişkin düzeltici-önleyici tedbirler planlanabilmektedir. Literatürde risk
değerlendirme amacıyla geliştirilen birçok yaklaşım bulunmaktadır. Bunlar
arasında en çok kullanılanlardan birisi Hata Türleri ve Etkileri Analizi
(HTEA)’dir. HTEA’nde, olasılık, şiddet ve saptanabilirlik faktörleri dikkate
alınarak hata türlerine ilişkin risk seviyeleri belirlenmektedir. HTEA, hata
türlerinin birçok risk faktörü dikkate alınarak uzmanlar tarafından değerlendirilmesi
nedeniyle Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) problemi yapısındadır. Ancak,
HTEA’nin farklı risk faktörlerini dikkate almaması, uzman görüşlerinin
birleştirilmesi prosedürü, risk faktörleri arasındaki ilişkilerin
modellenmemesi gibi geliştirilmesi gereken yönleri de bulunmaktadır. Bu yönlere
ÇKKV yapısı uygulanarak yöntemin performansı arttırılabilir. Çalışmada, HTEA
yöntemi ile CRITIC (Criteria Importance Through Inter criteria Correlation)
yöntemi birleştirilerek yeni bir risk değerlendirme yaklaşımı oluşturulmuştur.
CRITIC, kriterler arasındaki ilişkinin gücü ve yönünü kullanarak kriter önem
ağırlıklarını belirlemektedir. Önerilen risk değerlendirme yaklaşımı bir devlet
hastanesinde uygulanarak öncelikle önlenmesi gereken hata türleri
belirlenmiştir. Bu kapsamda hastanenin genelinde ortaya çıkabilecek on farklı
hata türü beş farklı risk faktörü dikkate alınarak sıralanmıştır. Sonuçta;
yangın söndürücülerin periyodik kontrollerinin yapılmaması, ilaç ve malzeme
dolaplarının duvara sabitlenmemesi, yoğun bakım ünitesine izinsiz
giriş-çıkışların olması durumlarının öncelikle önlenmesi gereken hata türleri
olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Keywords
References
- Abdelgawad, M., Fayek, A.R., 2010. Risk Management in the Construction Industry Using Combined Fuzzy FMEA and Fuzzy AHP. Journal of Construction Engineering Management, 136(9), 1028–1036.
- Deng, H., Yeh, C.H., Willis, R.J., 2000. Inter-Company Comparison Using Modified Topsis with Objective Weights. Computers & Operations Research, 27(10), 963-973.
- Diakoulaki, D., Mavrotas, G., Papayannakis, L. 1995. Determining Objective Weights in Multiple Criteria Problems: The Critic Method. Computers & Operations Research, 22(7), 763-70.
- Chang, B., Chang, C.W., Wu, C.H., 2011. Fuzzy DEMATEL Method For Developing Supplier Selection Criteria. Expert Systems With Applications, 38(3), 1850-1858. Çetinyokuş, T., Özdil, L., 2015. İş Zekasi Yazılımı Alternatiflerinin Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemi ile Değerlendirilmesi. Yönetim Bilişim Sistemleri Dergisi, 1(2), 48-61.
- Emovon, I., Norman, R.A., M.A.J., Pazouki, K., 2015. An integrated Multicriteria Decision Making Methodology Using Compromise Solution Methods for Prioritising Risk of Marine Machinery Systems. Ocean Engineering, 105, 92–103.
- Kılıç, O., Çerçioğlu, H., 2016. TCDD İltisak Hatları Projelerinin Değerlendirilmesinde Uzlaşık Çok Ölçütlü Karar Verme Yöntemleri Uygulaması. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering & Architecture of Gazi University, 31(1).
- Orakçi, E., Özdemir, A., 2017. Telafi Edici Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri ile Türkiye ve AB Ülkelerinin İnsani Gelişmişlik Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences/Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(1).
- Ünlü, U., Yalçin, N., Yağli, İ., 2017. Kurumsal Yönetim ve Firma Performansı: TOPSIS Yöntemi ile BIST 30 firmaları Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Dokuz Eylul University Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences, 19(1).
- Zammori, F., Gabbrielli, R., 2011. ANP/RPN: A multi Criteria Evaluation of the Risk Priority Number. Quality and Reliability Engineering International, 28(1), 85–104.
- Chang, C.L., Wei, C.C., Lee, Y.H., 1999. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Using Fuzzy Method and Grey Theory. Kybernetes, 28(9), 1072-1080.
- Chang, C.L., Liu, P.H., Wei, C.C., 2001. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Using Grey Theory. Integrated Manufacturing Systems. 12(3), 211-216.
- Pillay, A., Wang, J., 2003. Modified Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Using Approximate Reasoning. Reliability Engineering & System Safety. 79(1), 69-85.
- Braglia, M., Frosolini, M., Montanari, R., 2003. Fuzzy Criticality Assessment Model for Failure Modes and Effects Analysis. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management. 20(4), 503-524.
- Keskin, G.A., Özkan, C., 2009. An alternative Evaluation of FMEA: Fuzzy ART Algorithm. Quality and Reliability Engineering International. 25(6), 647-661.
- Wang, Y.M., Chin, K.S., Poon, G.K.K., Yang, J.B., 2009. Risk Evaluation in Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Using Fuzzy Weighted Geometric Mean. Expert Systems with Applications. 36(2), 1195-1207.
- Chang, K.H., Cheng, C.H., 2011. Evaluating the Risk of Failure Using the Fuzzy OWA and DEMATEL Method. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing. 22(2), 113-129.
- Zammori, F, Gabbrielli, R., 2012. ANP/RPN: A multi Criteria Evaluation of the Risk Priority Number. Quality and Reliability Engineering International. 28(1), 85-104.
- Hadi-Vencheh, A., Aghajani, M., 2013. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis: A Fuzzy Group MCDM Approach. Journal of Soft Computing and Applications. 1-14.
- Adhikary, D.D., Bose, G.K., Bose, Mitra, S., 2014. Multi criteria FMECA for coal-fired thermal power plants using COPRAS-G. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management. 31(5), 601-614.
- Lolli, F., Ishizaka, A., Gamberini, R., Rimini, B., Ferrari, A.M., Marinelli, S., Savazza, R., Waste Treatment: an Environmental, Economic and Social Analysis with A new Group Fuzzy PROMETHEE Approach. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 1-16.
- Zhao, H., You, J.X., Liu, H.C., 2016. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis Using MULTIMOORA Method with Continuous Weighted Entropy Under Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Environment. Soft Computing, 1-13.
- Wang X., Zhang Y., Shen G., 2016. An improved FMECA for Feed System of CNC of Machining Center based on ICR and DEMATEL Method. International Journal Advanced Manufacture Technology, 83(1), 43-54.
Abstract
Risk assessment is one of the most important steps in the health and safety management system. The risk assessment identifies existing or emerging hazards, and corrective-preventive measures related to these hazards can be planned. There are many approaches developed for risk assessment in the literature. One of the most used of these is Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA). FMEA is a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problem because the failure modes are evaluated by experts considering many risk factors. However, FMEA also has some aspects that need to be improved, such as not taking into account the different risk factors, the procedure of combining expert opinions, modeling the relationships among risk factors. The performance of the method can be improved by applying the MCDM structure. In the study, a new risk assessment approach was developed by combining the FMEA and the CRITIC (Criteria Importance Through Inter criteria Correlation) method. CRITIC identifies criteria importance weights by using the strength and direction of the relationship between the criteria. The proposed risk assessment approach is implemented in a state hospital to identify the types of errors that should be avoided first. Within this scope, ten different failure modes that can occur throughout the hospital are ranked according to five different risk factors. After all; it was determined that to control the fire extinguishers periodically, fixation of medicine and material cabinets to the wall, and intrusion into and out of the intensive care unit failure modes should be primarily avoided.
Keywords
References
- Abdelgawad, M., Fayek, A.R., 2010. Risk Management in the Construction Industry Using Combined Fuzzy FMEA and Fuzzy AHP. Journal of Construction Engineering Management, 136(9), 1028–1036.
- Deng, H., Yeh, C.H., Willis, R.J., 2000. Inter-Company Comparison Using Modified Topsis with Objective Weights. Computers & Operations Research, 27(10), 963-973.
- Diakoulaki, D., Mavrotas, G., Papayannakis, L. 1995. Determining Objective Weights in Multiple Criteria Problems: The Critic Method. Computers & Operations Research, 22(7), 763-70.
- Chang, B., Chang, C.W., Wu, C.H., 2011. Fuzzy DEMATEL Method For Developing Supplier Selection Criteria. Expert Systems With Applications, 38(3), 1850-1858. Çetinyokuş, T., Özdil, L., 2015. İş Zekasi Yazılımı Alternatiflerinin Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemi ile Değerlendirilmesi. Yönetim Bilişim Sistemleri Dergisi, 1(2), 48-61.
- Emovon, I., Norman, R.A., M.A.J., Pazouki, K., 2015. An integrated Multicriteria Decision Making Methodology Using Compromise Solution Methods for Prioritising Risk of Marine Machinery Systems. Ocean Engineering, 105, 92–103.
- Kılıç, O., Çerçioğlu, H., 2016. TCDD İltisak Hatları Projelerinin Değerlendirilmesinde Uzlaşık Çok Ölçütlü Karar Verme Yöntemleri Uygulaması. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering & Architecture of Gazi University, 31(1).
- Orakçi, E., Özdemir, A., 2017. Telafi Edici Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri ile Türkiye ve AB Ülkelerinin İnsani Gelişmişlik Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences/Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(1).
- Ünlü, U., Yalçin, N., Yağli, İ., 2017. Kurumsal Yönetim ve Firma Performansı: TOPSIS Yöntemi ile BIST 30 firmaları Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Dokuz Eylul University Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences, 19(1).
- Zammori, F., Gabbrielli, R., 2011. ANP/RPN: A multi Criteria Evaluation of the Risk Priority Number. Quality and Reliability Engineering International, 28(1), 85–104.
- Chang, C.L., Wei, C.C., Lee, Y.H., 1999. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Using Fuzzy Method and Grey Theory. Kybernetes, 28(9), 1072-1080.
- Chang, C.L., Liu, P.H., Wei, C.C., 2001. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Using Grey Theory. Integrated Manufacturing Systems. 12(3), 211-216.
- Pillay, A., Wang, J., 2003. Modified Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Using Approximate Reasoning. Reliability Engineering & System Safety. 79(1), 69-85.
- Braglia, M., Frosolini, M., Montanari, R., 2003. Fuzzy Criticality Assessment Model for Failure Modes and Effects Analysis. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management. 20(4), 503-524.
- Keskin, G.A., Özkan, C., 2009. An alternative Evaluation of FMEA: Fuzzy ART Algorithm. Quality and Reliability Engineering International. 25(6), 647-661.
- Wang, Y.M., Chin, K.S., Poon, G.K.K., Yang, J.B., 2009. Risk Evaluation in Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Using Fuzzy Weighted Geometric Mean. Expert Systems with Applications. 36(2), 1195-1207.
- Chang, K.H., Cheng, C.H., 2011. Evaluating the Risk of Failure Using the Fuzzy OWA and DEMATEL Method. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing. 22(2), 113-129.
- Zammori, F, Gabbrielli, R., 2012. ANP/RPN: A multi Criteria Evaluation of the Risk Priority Number. Quality and Reliability Engineering International. 28(1), 85-104.
- Hadi-Vencheh, A., Aghajani, M., 2013. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis: A Fuzzy Group MCDM Approach. Journal of Soft Computing and Applications. 1-14.
- Adhikary, D.D., Bose, G.K., Bose, Mitra, S., 2014. Multi criteria FMECA for coal-fired thermal power plants using COPRAS-G. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management. 31(5), 601-614.
- Lolli, F., Ishizaka, A., Gamberini, R., Rimini, B., Ferrari, A.M., Marinelli, S., Savazza, R., Waste Treatment: an Environmental, Economic and Social Analysis with A new Group Fuzzy PROMETHEE Approach. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 1-16.
- Zhao, H., You, J.X., Liu, H.C., 2016. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis Using MULTIMOORA Method with Continuous Weighted Entropy Under Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Environment. Soft Computing, 1-13.
- Wang X., Zhang Y., Shen G., 2016. An improved FMECA for Feed System of CNC of Machining Center based on ICR and DEMATEL Method. International Journal Advanced Manufacture Technology, 83(1), 43-54.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Industrial Engineering |
| Journal Section | ÖS: ERGONOMI2017 |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 24, 2018 |
| Submission Date | November 7, 2017 |
| Acceptance Date | September 17, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 6 |