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WOOD IDENTIFICATION OF SARIHACILAR MOSQUE IN AKSEKI

Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 44 - 49, 31.07.2019

Abstract

Wood, especially
in the Black Sea and Mediterranean Region where the forests are abundant, the
mudbrick made with soil and soil is used in Central Anatolia, and the stone is
widely used in the Aegean and Mediterranean coasts and east and southeast
Anatolia regions. The architectural tradition in a region, the geographic
conditions, and the economics of the material chosen are among the important
factors affecting the material preference in the structures related to the
local architecture. Along with the residences in Anatolian villages, buildings
such as mosques, masjid, coffee houses, village rooms, mills, warehouses, and
barns are also considered within the scope of local architecture. Sarıhacılar
is a village near Akseki that has mountainous and forested geography. As in the
traditional buildings in the other Akseki villages on the Taurus Mountains, in
the Sarıhacilar Village Mosque dated to the 19th century, wood and rubble stone
were used as building materials. It is stated that the wood-based dry masonry
wall system produced by the characteristic construction technique of
Akseki-İbradı Basin, which is referred to as buttoned wall in the literature,
reflects the thousands of years of Anatolia's tradition and is related to the
Bronze Age culture. The rectangular main part of the mosque was built with a
semi-masonry system and the later part of it was built with the buttoned wall
technique. This study was carried out in order to make anatomical diagnosis and
definition of some woods belonging to Sarıhacılar Village Mosque. The
anatomical features of the woods such as especially scalloped tori and
traumatic resin canals have shown that all the wood samples belong to the genus
Cedar (Cedrus). There are three
different species of cedar worldwide. These are the Taurus cedar (Cedrus libani A.Rich), Atlas Cedar (C. atlantica (Endl.) Manetti ex
Carrière, and Himalayan cedar (C. deodara
(Roxb. Ex D.Don) G.Don). Due to the fact that Akseki and Ibradi Basin are
located on the Taurus Mountains and the need for wood is provided from the
closest natural source in historical periods where the transportation
opportunities are difficult and limited, it can be said that all the wood
samples examined belong to Cedrus libani
(Taurus Cedar).

References

  • 1. Akkemik Ü. & Yaman B. (2012). Wood Anatomy of Eastern Mediterranean Species. 310 pp., illus., 2012. Kessel Publishing House, ISBN 978-3-941300-59-0.
  • 2. Akkemik Ü. (2015). Woods of Yenikapı Shipwrecs. Volume II, Istanbul University Yenikapı Shipwrecs Project and Ege yayınları, Istanbul, 213 p.
  • 3. Esteban L.G., de Palacios P.d.P., Casasús A.G., & Fernandez F.G. (2004). Characterisation of the xylem of 352 conifers. Forest Systems, 13(3): 452–478.
  • 4. Fahn A., Werker E. & Baas P. (1986). Wood anatomy and identification of trees and shrubs from Israel and adjacent regions Jerusalem. Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 221p.
  • 5. Gaertner H. & Schweingruber F. H. (2013). Microscopic Preparation Techniques for Plant Stem Analysis. ISBN: 978-3-941300-76-7, 78p. Verlag Dr Kessel, Remagen.
  • 6. Hoadley R. B. (1990). Identifying wood: accurate results with simple tools. Taunton Press, Newtown, Connecticut. ISBN 0-942391-04-7.
  • 7. IAWA Committee (2004). IAWA list of microscopic features for softwood identification. Richter H.G., D. Grosser, I. Heinz, P.E. Gasson (eds). IAWA Journal 25(1): 1-70.
  • 8. Kavas K. R. (2015). Mimarlık – Kültür – Çevre İlişkileri Bağlamında Akseki – İbradı Havzası'nın Düğmeli Evleri. Arkitera, http://www.arkitera.com/gorus/657/akseki-%E2%80%93-ibradi-havzasinin-dugmeli-evleri [Erişim tarihi: 18.04.2019].
  • 9. Liphshitz N. & Biger G. (1991). Cedar of Lebanon (Cedrus libani) in Israel during Antiquity. Israel Exploration Journal 41(1/3): 167-175.
  • 10. Liphshitz N. (2012). The Use of Lebanese Cedar for Ship Construction Evidence from Timber Identification of Shipwrecks in the East Mediterranean. Skyllis, Heft 1: 94-98.
  • 11. Liphshitz N. (2013). Cedars of Lebanon: Exploring the Roots. Biblical Archaeology Review 39(3): 49-56.
  • 12. Merev N. (2003). Odun Anatomisi ve Odun Tanıtımı. KTÜ Orman Fak. Genel Yay. No. 210, Fakülte Yay. No. 32, Trabzon.
  • 13. Schoch W., Heller I., Schweingruber F.H. & Kienast F. (2004). Wood anatomy of central European species. www.woodanatomy.ch [Erişim tarihi: 13.05.2019].
  • 14. Simpson E. & Spirydowicz K. (1999). Gordion Wooden Furniture. Published by the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Ankara.
  • 15. Sözen M. (2012). Anadolu’da Kırsal Mimarlık. Uluslararası Kırsal Yaşam, Kırsal Mimari Sempozyumu, E-Kitap, Bursa Büyükşehir Belediyesi, Tarihi Kentler Birliği ve ÇEKÜL Vakfı, 27 s, http://www.tarihikentlerbirligi.org/wp-content/uploads/AnadoludaKirsalMimarlik-Ekitap.pdf [Erişim tarihi: 18.04.2019].
  • 16. Summerer L. (2007). From Tatarlı to Munich: The Recovery of a Painted Wooden Tomb Chamber in Phrygia. In: The Achaemenid Impact on Local Populations annd Cultures In Anatolia (Sixth-Fourth Centuries B.C.), edited by İ. Delemen in collaboration with O. Casabonne - Ş. Karagöz - O. Tekin. Turkish Institute of Archaeology.
  • 17. Tay L. (2017a). Akseki’nin Düğmeli Camileri. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities 7(1): 309-323.
  • 18. Tay L. (2017b). Akseki-Sarıhacılar Köyü Cami. Aksos 1(1): 127-145.
  • 19. URL-1. The Plant List. http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Cedrus [Erişim tarihi: 13.05.2019].
  • 20. URL-2. Gordion: Tümülüs MM Turu. https://www.sas.upenn.edu/~nmiller0/Tour_MM_circuit.Turkish.html [Erişim tarihi: 13.05.2019].
  • 21. Yaltırık F. & Akkemik Ü. (2011). Türkiye’nin Doğal Gymnospermleri (Açık Tohumlular). T.C. Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, ISBN: 978-605601143-1-4, Ankara.
  • 22. Yaman B. (2007). Anatomy of Lebanon cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) wood with indented growth rings. Acta Biologica Cracovensia-Series Botanica 49(1): 19-23.
  • 23. Yeşilkaya Y. (1992). Tarihsel ve kültürel yönü ile sedir. Ü. Eler (ed.), Sedir, Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayını Seri: 6, 19-32.

AKSEKİ SARIHACILAR KÖYÜ CAMİ AHŞAP TEŞHİSİ

Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 44 - 49, 31.07.2019

Abstract

Bu çalışma, ahşap ve moloz taş kullanılarak inşa edilen tarihi Akseki - Sarıhacılar Köyü Camisi’ne ait bazı ahşapların anatomik teşhis ve tanımını yapmak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ahşap örneklerinin cins / tür teşhisinin yapılmasına olanak sağlayan çalışılan anahtar nitelikteki anatomik özelliklerden traheid hücrelerinin radyal çeperlerindeki kenarlı geçitlerde görülen dişli torus, incelenen bütün ahşap örneklerinin Gymnospermae’lerden Pinaceae familyası sedir (Cedrus) cinsine ait olduğunu kanıtlamıştır. En son sistematik dizine göre (http://www.theplantlist.org) sedir cinsinin dünya üzerinde üç türü bulunmaktadır. Bunlar Toros Sediri (Cedrus libani A.Rich), Atlas Sediri (C. atlantica (Endl.) Manetti ex Carrière ve Himalaya Sediri’dir (C. deodara (Roxb. ex D.Don) G.Don). Kıbrıs sediri (C. brevifolia (Hook.f.) Elwes & A.Henry) C. libani var. brevifolia Hook.f. olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Akseki-İbradı Havzasının Toros Dağları üzerinde yer alması ve ahşap ihtiyacının ulaşım imkânlarının zor ve sınırlı olduğu tarihsel dönemlerde en yakın doğal kaynaktan temin edilmesi nedeniyle, anatomileri incelenen ahşap örneklerinin tamamının Cedrus libani (Toros Sediri) türüne ait olduğu söylenebilir.

References

  • 1. Akkemik Ü. & Yaman B. (2012). Wood Anatomy of Eastern Mediterranean Species. 310 pp., illus., 2012. Kessel Publishing House, ISBN 978-3-941300-59-0.
  • 2. Akkemik Ü. (2015). Woods of Yenikapı Shipwrecs. Volume II, Istanbul University Yenikapı Shipwrecs Project and Ege yayınları, Istanbul, 213 p.
  • 3. Esteban L.G., de Palacios P.d.P., Casasús A.G., & Fernandez F.G. (2004). Characterisation of the xylem of 352 conifers. Forest Systems, 13(3): 452–478.
  • 4. Fahn A., Werker E. & Baas P. (1986). Wood anatomy and identification of trees and shrubs from Israel and adjacent regions Jerusalem. Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 221p.
  • 5. Gaertner H. & Schweingruber F. H. (2013). Microscopic Preparation Techniques for Plant Stem Analysis. ISBN: 978-3-941300-76-7, 78p. Verlag Dr Kessel, Remagen.
  • 6. Hoadley R. B. (1990). Identifying wood: accurate results with simple tools. Taunton Press, Newtown, Connecticut. ISBN 0-942391-04-7.
  • 7. IAWA Committee (2004). IAWA list of microscopic features for softwood identification. Richter H.G., D. Grosser, I. Heinz, P.E. Gasson (eds). IAWA Journal 25(1): 1-70.
  • 8. Kavas K. R. (2015). Mimarlık – Kültür – Çevre İlişkileri Bağlamında Akseki – İbradı Havzası'nın Düğmeli Evleri. Arkitera, http://www.arkitera.com/gorus/657/akseki-%E2%80%93-ibradi-havzasinin-dugmeli-evleri [Erişim tarihi: 18.04.2019].
  • 9. Liphshitz N. & Biger G. (1991). Cedar of Lebanon (Cedrus libani) in Israel during Antiquity. Israel Exploration Journal 41(1/3): 167-175.
  • 10. Liphshitz N. (2012). The Use of Lebanese Cedar for Ship Construction Evidence from Timber Identification of Shipwrecks in the East Mediterranean. Skyllis, Heft 1: 94-98.
  • 11. Liphshitz N. (2013). Cedars of Lebanon: Exploring the Roots. Biblical Archaeology Review 39(3): 49-56.
  • 12. Merev N. (2003). Odun Anatomisi ve Odun Tanıtımı. KTÜ Orman Fak. Genel Yay. No. 210, Fakülte Yay. No. 32, Trabzon.
  • 13. Schoch W., Heller I., Schweingruber F.H. & Kienast F. (2004). Wood anatomy of central European species. www.woodanatomy.ch [Erişim tarihi: 13.05.2019].
  • 14. Simpson E. & Spirydowicz K. (1999). Gordion Wooden Furniture. Published by the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Ankara.
  • 15. Sözen M. (2012). Anadolu’da Kırsal Mimarlık. Uluslararası Kırsal Yaşam, Kırsal Mimari Sempozyumu, E-Kitap, Bursa Büyükşehir Belediyesi, Tarihi Kentler Birliği ve ÇEKÜL Vakfı, 27 s, http://www.tarihikentlerbirligi.org/wp-content/uploads/AnadoludaKirsalMimarlik-Ekitap.pdf [Erişim tarihi: 18.04.2019].
  • 16. Summerer L. (2007). From Tatarlı to Munich: The Recovery of a Painted Wooden Tomb Chamber in Phrygia. In: The Achaemenid Impact on Local Populations annd Cultures In Anatolia (Sixth-Fourth Centuries B.C.), edited by İ. Delemen in collaboration with O. Casabonne - Ş. Karagöz - O. Tekin. Turkish Institute of Archaeology.
  • 17. Tay L. (2017a). Akseki’nin Düğmeli Camileri. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities 7(1): 309-323.
  • 18. Tay L. (2017b). Akseki-Sarıhacılar Köyü Cami. Aksos 1(1): 127-145.
  • 19. URL-1. The Plant List. http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Cedrus [Erişim tarihi: 13.05.2019].
  • 20. URL-2. Gordion: Tümülüs MM Turu. https://www.sas.upenn.edu/~nmiller0/Tour_MM_circuit.Turkish.html [Erişim tarihi: 13.05.2019].
  • 21. Yaltırık F. & Akkemik Ü. (2011). Türkiye’nin Doğal Gymnospermleri (Açık Tohumlular). T.C. Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, ISBN: 978-605601143-1-4, Ankara.
  • 22. Yaman B. (2007). Anatomy of Lebanon cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) wood with indented growth rings. Acta Biologica Cracovensia-Series Botanica 49(1): 19-23.
  • 23. Yeşilkaya Y. (1992). Tarihsel ve kültürel yönü ile sedir. Ü. Eler (ed.), Sedir, Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayını Seri: 6, 19-32.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Forest Industry Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Barbaros Yaman 0000-0001-9773-5318

Ali Akın Akyol

Kısmet Aktaş This is me

Publication Date July 31, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 2 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yaman, B., Akyol, A. A., & Aktaş, K. (2019). AKSEKİ SARIHACILAR KÖYÜ CAMİ AHŞAP TEŞHİSİ. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 2(1), 44-49.
AMA Yaman B, Akyol AA, Aktaş K. AKSEKİ SARIHACILAR KÖYÜ CAMİ AHŞAP TEŞHİSİ. JONAS. July 2019;2(1):44-49.
Chicago Yaman, Barbaros, Ali Akın Akyol, and Kısmet Aktaş. “AKSEKİ SARIHACILAR KÖYÜ CAMİ AHŞAP TEŞHİSİ”. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 2, no. 1 (July 2019): 44-49.
EndNote Yaman B, Akyol AA, Aktaş K (July 1, 2019) AKSEKİ SARIHACILAR KÖYÜ CAMİ AHŞAP TEŞHİSİ. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 2 1 44–49.
IEEE B. Yaman, A. A. Akyol, and K. Aktaş, “AKSEKİ SARIHACILAR KÖYÜ CAMİ AHŞAP TEŞHİSİ”, JONAS, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 44–49, 2019.
ISNAD Yaman, Barbaros et al. “AKSEKİ SARIHACILAR KÖYÜ CAMİ AHŞAP TEŞHİSİ”. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 2/1 (July 2019), 44-49.
JAMA Yaman B, Akyol AA, Aktaş K. AKSEKİ SARIHACILAR KÖYÜ CAMİ AHŞAP TEŞHİSİ. JONAS. 2019;2:44–49.
MLA Yaman, Barbaros et al. “AKSEKİ SARIHACILAR KÖYÜ CAMİ AHŞAP TEŞHİSİ”. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, vol. 2, no. 1, 2019, pp. 44-49.
Vancouver Yaman B, Akyol AA, Aktaş K. AKSEKİ SARIHACILAR KÖYÜ CAMİ AHŞAP TEŞHİSİ. JONAS. 2019;2(1):44-9.