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San Diego Wisdom Scale (SD-WISE): Adaptation, validity and reliability study

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 436 - 452, 02.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.33400/kuje.1131886

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the San Diego Wisdom Scale (SD-WISE), which measures the wisdom of individuals. SD-WISE, Thomas et al. Developed by in 2019. In order to adapt the SD-WISE to Turkish culture, the English-Turkish translation of the scale was made by three faculty members from the field of Guidance and Psychological Counseling, with the permission of the author. The Turkish form, which was created from the translations made by three experts, was translated back into English by three different faculty members who are experts in the field. The conformity of the translation was checked by comparing the post-translation form with the original English form. Then, the created form was applied to a group of 127 people and the language and comprehensibility of the expressions in the scale were tested. This study was conducted with the participation of 221 individuals aged 16-56 years. The validity of the Turkish form of the scale was examined by confirmatory factor analysis. Fit indices obtained as a result of DFA (χ2(237) = 404.96, χ2/sd= 1.71, GFI=.87, CFI= .93, IFI=.93, NNFI=.92 SRMR=.071 and RMSEA=.057) shows that the six-factor model (Social Advising, Decisiveness, Pro-Social Behaviors, Emotional Regulation, Tolerance for Divergent Values and Insight) defined for the original factor structure of the scale was confirmed. In order to determine the reliability level of the scale, Cronbach Alpha values for the whole scale and its sub-dimensions and item total correlation values for the items were calculated and test-retest analysis was performed. The Cronbach α reliability coefficient was calculated between .82 for the combined scale and between .47 and .71 for the subscales. Test-retest reliability correlation values for the sub-dimensions of the scale ranged from 0.71 to 0.79. With the findings obtained, it has been revealed that this scale is a measurement tool that can be used in determining the wisdom levels of individuals between the ages of 16-56 in Turkey and makes measurements with high reliability and validity.

References

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San Diego Bilgelik Ölçeği: Uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 436 - 452, 02.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.33400/kuje.1131886

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı San Diego Bilgelik Ölçeği’nin (SDBÖ) Türkçeye uyarlanmasıdır. SDBÖ, Thomas vd. tarafından 2019 yılında geliştirilmiştir. SDBÖ’nin Türkçeye uyarlanabilmesi için öncelikle yazardan izin alınmış, ardından ölçek Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık alanından üç öğretim üyesi tarafından İngilizceden Türkçeye çevrilmiştir. Üç uzman tarafından yapılan çevirilerden oluşturulan Türkçe form, alan uzmanı olan üç farklı öğretim üyesi tarafından tekrar İngilizceye çevrilmiştir. Çeviri sonrası form ile orijinal İngilizce form karşılaştırılarak çeviri uygunluğu kontrol edilmiştir. Daha sonra oluşturulan form 127 kişilik bir gruba uygulanmış ve ölçekteki ifadelerin dil ve anlaşılırlığı test edilmiş ve nihai form oluşturulmuştur. Bu çalışma, 16-56 yaşlarındaki 221 bireyin katılımıyla yürütülmüştür. Ölçeğin Türkçe formunun geçerliliği doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile incelenmiştir. DFA sonucu elde edilen uyum indeksleri (χ2(237) = 404.96, χ2/sd= 1.71, GFI=.87, CFI= .93, IFI=.93, NNFI=.92 SRMR=.071 ve RMSEA=.057), ölçeğin orijinal faktör yapısına ilişkin tanımlanan altı faktörlü (sosyal danışmanlık, kararlılık, olumlu sosyal davranış, duygusal düzenleme, farklı değerlere tolerans ve içgörü) modelin doğrulandığını göstermektedir. Ölçeğin güvenirlik düzeyini belirlemek için ise tüm ölçek ve alt boyutlara ilişkin Cronbach Alpha değerleri ile maddelere ilişkin madde toplam korelasyon değerleri hesaplanmış ve test tekrar test analizi yapılmıştır. Cronbach α güvenirlik katsayısı birleşik ölçek için .82, alt ölçekler için .47 ile .71 aralığında hesaplanmıştır. Ölçeğin alt boyutlarına ilişkin test-tekrar test güvenirlik korelasyon değerleri 0.71 ila 0.79 arasında değişmektedir. Elde edilen bulgularla bu ölçeğin Türkiye’de 16-56 yaş arası bireylerin bilgelik düzeylerinin belirlenmesinde kullanılabilecek, güvenirliği ve geçerliği yüksek ölçmeler yapan bir ölçme aracı olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.

References

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  • Ardelt, M. (2003). Empirical assessment of a three‐dimensional wisdom scale. Research on Aging, 25(3), 275–324. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027503025003004
  • Ardelt, M. (2004). Wisdom as expert knowledge system: A critical review of a contemporary operationalization of an ancient concept. Human Development, 47, 257–285.
  • Ardelt, M., Pridgen, S., &Nutter-Pridgen, K. L. (2018). The relation between age and three-dimensional wisdom: Variations by wisdom dimensions and education. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 73(8), 1339–1349. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbx182
  • Aytaç, M. ve Öngen,B. (2012). Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile yeni çevresel paradigma ölçeğinin yapı geçerliliğinin incelenmesi İstatistikçiler Dergisi: İstatistik ve Aktüerya, 5(1): 14-22.
  • Baltes, P. B.,& Freund, A. M. (2003). Human strength as the orchestration of wisdom and SOC. In U. M. Staudinger & L. Aspinwall (Eds.), A psychology of human strengths: Perspectives on an emerging field (pp. 23–35). APA Books.
  • Baltes, P. B., Smith, J., & Staudinger, U. M. (1991). Wisdom and successful aging. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 39, 123–167.
  • Baltes, P. B.,&Smith, J. (2008). The fascination of wisdom: Its nature, ontogeny, and function. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(1), 56–64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6916.2008.00062.x
  • Baltes, P. B.,&Staudinger, U. M. (2000). Wisdom: A metaheuristic (pragmatic) to orchestrate mind and virtue toward excellence. American Psychologist, 55(1), 122–136. doi:10.1037//0003-066X.55.1.122.
  • Bangen, K. J., Meeks, T. W.,& Jeste, D. V. (2013). Defining and assessing wisdom: A review of the literature. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21, 1254–1266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2012.11.020
  • Brienza, J. P., Kung, F. Y. H., Santos, H. C., Bobocel, D. R. R., &Grossmann, I. (2018). Wisdom, bias, and balance: Toward a process-sensitive measurement of wisdom-related cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 115(6), 1093–1126. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000171
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  • Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research (2nd Ed.). Guilford Publications
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016a). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı (22. baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016b). Deneysel desenler: Öntest-sontest kontrol gruplu desen ve spss uygulamalı veri analizi (Geliştirilmiş 2. baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (20. baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Carstensen, L. L.,& Löckenhoff, C. E. (2003). Aging, emotion, and evolution: The bigger picture. In P. Ekman, J. J. Campos, R. J. Davidson, & F. B. M. de Waal (Eds.), Emotions inside out: 130 years after Darwin's: The expression of the emotions in man and animals(pp. 152–179). New York Academy of Sciences.
  • Cato, M.A., Delis, D.C., Abildskov, T.J., Bigler, E., (2004). Assessing the elusive cognitive deficits associated with ventromedial prefrontal damage: A case of a modernday Phineas Gage. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. 10 (3), 453-465. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617704103123
  • Clayton, V. P., & Birren, J. E. (1980). The development of wisdom across the life span: A reexamination of an ancient topic. P. B. Baltes & O. G. Brim Jr. (Eds.), Life-span development and behavior (Vol. 3, pp. 103–135). Academic Press.
  • Clayton, V. P. (1975). Erikson’s theory of human development as it applies to the aged: Wisdom as contradictive cognition. Human Development, 18(1-2), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.1159/000271479
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: Spss ve lisrel uygulamaları(4. baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Ebel, Robert L.(1965). Measuring Educational Achievement. Prentice Hall, Inc., New Jersey.
  • Ergin, Y. D. (1995). Ölçeklerde geçerlik ve güvenirlik. M.Ü. Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 7, 125-148.
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Studies on Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Osman Nejat Akfırat 0000-0002-6748-9539

Ahmet Akkaya 0000-0001-7336-6271

Publication Date December 2, 2022
Submission Date June 16, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Akfırat, O. N., & Akkaya, A. (2022). San Diego Bilgelik Ölçeği: Uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Eğitim Dergisi, 5(2), 436-452. https://doi.org/10.33400/kuje.1131886



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