Research Article
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Investigation of the Effects of Turkish Employees' Cultural Values on Their Career Values

Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 1815 - 1827, 30.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.885357

Abstract

Based on the question of whether the cultural values of individuals have a role in the building of career values, the current study aims to examine the possible effects of cultural values (power distance, collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance) of Turkish employees on their career values. Accordingly, a quantitative research was designed on employees in different sectors in Kocaeli and Sakarya provinces. The sample of the study consists of 274 employees. Findings indicate that cultural values have partial effects on employees’ career values. Each finding was discussed in the context of the relevant literature, and the study was concluded by presenting the theoretical and practical implications and future research suggestions. The study is expected to contribute to the culture and career literature.

References

  • References Aktaş, H. (2004). The importance of career anchor notion for an effective career planning and an example application at Turkish Air Force Undergraduate and Graduate Schools (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Marmara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Ardıç, K., Uslu, O., Oymak, Ö., Özsoy, T. & Özsoy, E. (2016). Comparing person organization fit and person job fit. Journal of Economics and Management, 25(3), 5-13.
  • Attia, A., Shankarmahesh, M. N., & Singhapakdi, A. (1999). Marketing ethics: a comparison of American and Middle Eastern marketers. International Business Review, 8(5-6), 611-632.
  • Aycan, Z. & Fikret Pasa, S. (2003). Career Choices, Job Selection Criteria, and Leadership Preferences in a Transitional Nation: The Case of Turkey. Journal of Career Development, 30(2), 129-144.
  • Aycan, Z. (2006). Paternalism: Towards conceptual refinement and operationalization. In K. S. Yang, K. K. Hwang, & U. Kim (Eds.), Scientific advances in indigenous psychologies: Empirical, philosophical, and cultural contributions (pp. 445-466). London: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bakan, İ., Büyükbeşe, T. & Bedestenci, H. Ç. (2004). Örgüt Sırlarının Çözümünde Örgüt Kültürü: Teorik ve Ampirik Yaklaşım. Bursa: Alfa Aktüel Yayınları.
  • Berntson, E., Sverke, M., & Marklund, S. (2006). Predicting perceived employability, human capital or labor market opportunities. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 27(2), 223- 244.
  • Chetana, N., & Das Mohapatra, A. K. (2017). Career planning and career management as antecedents of career development: a study. Asian Journal of Management, 8(3), 614-618.
  • DeLong, T. J. (1982). The career orientation of MBA alumni: A multi-dimensional model. In R. Katz (Ed.), Career issues in human resource management. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Fragale, A. R., Overbeck, J. R., & Neale, M. A. (2011). Resources versus respect: Social judgments based on targets' power and status positions. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47, 767-775.
  • Göncü, A., Aycan, Z., & Johnson, R. E. (2014). Effects of Paternalistic and Transformational Leadership on Follower Outcomes. The International Journal of Management and Business, 5(1), 36-58.
  • Hamilton, G. G., & Biggart, N. W. (1985). Why People Obey: Theoretical Observations on Power and Obedience in Complex Organizations. Sociological Perspectives, 28(1), 3-28.
  • Hancıoğlu, Y., Doğan, Ü. B., & Sırkıntıoğlu Yıldırım, Ş. (2014). Relationship between Uncertainty Avoidance Culture, Entrepreneurial Activity and Economic Development. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 908-916.
  • Hatch, M. J. & Cunliffe, A. L. (2013). Organization Theory: Modern, Symbolic, and Postmodern Perspectives. UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Hosftede, G. (2001). Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations. (2nd Ed.), USA: Sage Publications.
  • House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, Leadership, and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies. London: Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Hwang, Y. (2005). Investigating enterprise systems adoption: uncertainty avoidance, intrinsic motivation, and the technology acceptance model. European Journal of Information Systems, 14, 150-161.
  • Kağıtcıbaşı, Ç. (1997). Individualism and Collectivism. In Handbook of Cross-cultural Psychology: Social Behavior and Applications. Berry, J. W., Segall, M. H., & Kağıtcıbaşı, Ç. (eds.), Allyn and Bacon. Keiser, P. M., Marino, L. D., Dickson, P., & Weaver, K. M. (2010). Cultural Influences on Entrepreneurial Orientation: The Impact of National Culture on Risk Taking and Proactiveness in SMEs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34(5), 959-984.
  • Lee, S. H., & Wong, P. K. (2004). An exploratory study of technopreneurial intentions: A career anchor perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 19, 7–28.
  • Lune, H. (2011). Understanding Organizations. UK: Polity Press.
  • Magee, J. C., & Smith, P. K. (2013). The Social Distance Theory of Power. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 12(2), 158-186.
  • Marshall, V. & Bonner, D. (2003). Career anchors and the effects of downsizing: implications for generations and cultures at work. A preliminary investigation. Journal of European Industrial Training, 27(6), 281-291.
  • Maxel, O. J. M. (2013). Managerial Challenge to Cross Cultural Management of Diversity. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(20), 177-185.
  • Mulder, M. B., Nunn, C. L., & Towner, M. C. (2006). Cultural Macroevaluation and the Transmission of Traits. Evolutionary Anthropology, 15, 52-64.
  • Ng, E. S. W., Burke, R. J., & Fiksenbaum, L. (2008). Career choice in management: findings from US MBA students. Career Development International, 13(4), 346-361.
  • Nordvik, H. (1996). Relationship between Holland’s vocational typology, Schein’s career anchors and Myers – Briggs’ types. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 69, 263-275.
  • Öktem Özgür, A. (2014). Kariyer Değerleri ve Algılanan İstihdam Edilebilirlik Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Özen, Y. (2011). Kşisel Sorumluluk Bağlamında kariyer Seçimini Etkileyen Sosyal Psikolojik Faktörler. Eğitim ve İnsani Bilimler Dergisi: Teori ve Uygulama, 2(3), 81-96.
  • Özsoy, E. (2019). Kariyer Başarısı. İçinde. Kariyer: Temel kavramlar, yönetimi, güncel konular (Editörler E. Kaygın., ve Y. Zengin). Eğitim Yayınevi. Konya.
  • Peters, A., McEwen, B. C., & Friston, K. (2017). Uncertainty and stress: Why it causes diseases and how it is mastered by the brain. Progress in Neurobiology, 156, 164-188.
  • Pettigrew, A. (1979). On studying organizational culture. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(4), 570-581.
  • Sagie, A. & Aycan, Z. (2003). A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Participative Decision-Making in Organizations. Human Relations, 56(4), 453-473.
  • Saraç, M., & Raina, R. (2018). Organizational Commitment and Intention to Leave: The Moderating Role of Uncertainty of Avoidance. 38th International Academic Conference. Prague, 11-14 June.
  • Saylık, A. (2017). Okul müdürlerinin paternalist (babacan) liderlik davranışları ile Hofstede'nin kültür boyutları arasındaki ilişki (Doktora Tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Schein, E. (1990). Career Anchors: Discovering Your real Values. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Pfeiffer.
  • Schwartz, S. H. (1999). A Theory of Cultural Values and Some Implications for Work. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 48(1), 23-47.
  • Sok, J., Blomme, R., & Tromp, D. (2013). The use of the psychological contract to explain self-perceived employability. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 34, 274-284.
  • Sortheix, F. M., Dietrich, J., Chow, A., & Salmelo-Aro, K. (2013). The role of career values for work engagement during the transition to working life. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 466-475.
  • Triandis, H. C. (2001). Individualism-Collectivism and Personality. Journal of Personality, 69(6), 907-924.
  • Trice, H. M., & Beyer, J. M. (1993). The Cultures of Work Organizations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Wright, T. A., & Cropanzano, R. (2000). Psychological well-being and job satisfaction as predictors of job performance. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(1), 84 –94.
  • Wüst, K. & Simic, M. L. (2017). Students’ Career Preferences: Intercultural Study of Croatian and German Students. Economics and Sociology, 10(3), 136-152.
  • Yi, X., Ribbens, B., Fu, L., & Cheng, W. (2015). Variation in career and workplace attitudes by generation, gender, and culture differences in career perceptions in the United States and China. Employee Relations, 37(1), 66-82.
  • Yoo, B., Donthu, N., & Lenartowicz, T. (2011). Measuring Hofstede's Five Dimensions of Cultural Values at the Individual Level: Development and Validation of CVSCALE. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 23(3), 193-210.

Türk Çalışanların Kültürel Değerlerinin Kariyer Değerlerine Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 1815 - 1827, 30.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.885357

Abstract

Bireylerin kültürel değerlerinin kariyer değerlerinin inşasında rolü olup olmadığı sorusundan hareketle, bu çalışmada Türk çalışanların kültürel değerlerinin (güç mesafesi, toplulukçuluk ve belirsizlikten kaçınma) kariyer değerlerine muhtemel etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Buna bağlı olarak Kocaeli ve Sakarya illerinde farklı sektörlerde çalışanlar üzerinde nicel bir araştırma tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 274 çalışan oluşturmaktadır. Bulgular kültürel değerlerin, kariyer değerleri üzerinde kısmi etkilerinin olduğunu göstermektedir. Her bir bulgu ilgili yazın bağlamında tartışılmış, bulguların teorik ve pratik imaları ile gelecek araştırma önerileri sunularak çalışma sonlandırılmıştır. Çalışmanın kültür ve kariyer yazınına katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.

References

  • References Aktaş, H. (2004). The importance of career anchor notion for an effective career planning and an example application at Turkish Air Force Undergraduate and Graduate Schools (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Marmara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Ardıç, K., Uslu, O., Oymak, Ö., Özsoy, T. & Özsoy, E. (2016). Comparing person organization fit and person job fit. Journal of Economics and Management, 25(3), 5-13.
  • Attia, A., Shankarmahesh, M. N., & Singhapakdi, A. (1999). Marketing ethics: a comparison of American and Middle Eastern marketers. International Business Review, 8(5-6), 611-632.
  • Aycan, Z. & Fikret Pasa, S. (2003). Career Choices, Job Selection Criteria, and Leadership Preferences in a Transitional Nation: The Case of Turkey. Journal of Career Development, 30(2), 129-144.
  • Aycan, Z. (2006). Paternalism: Towards conceptual refinement and operationalization. In K. S. Yang, K. K. Hwang, & U. Kim (Eds.), Scientific advances in indigenous psychologies: Empirical, philosophical, and cultural contributions (pp. 445-466). London: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bakan, İ., Büyükbeşe, T. & Bedestenci, H. Ç. (2004). Örgüt Sırlarının Çözümünde Örgüt Kültürü: Teorik ve Ampirik Yaklaşım. Bursa: Alfa Aktüel Yayınları.
  • Berntson, E., Sverke, M., & Marklund, S. (2006). Predicting perceived employability, human capital or labor market opportunities. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 27(2), 223- 244.
  • Chetana, N., & Das Mohapatra, A. K. (2017). Career planning and career management as antecedents of career development: a study. Asian Journal of Management, 8(3), 614-618.
  • DeLong, T. J. (1982). The career orientation of MBA alumni: A multi-dimensional model. In R. Katz (Ed.), Career issues in human resource management. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Fragale, A. R., Overbeck, J. R., & Neale, M. A. (2011). Resources versus respect: Social judgments based on targets' power and status positions. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47, 767-775.
  • Göncü, A., Aycan, Z., & Johnson, R. E. (2014). Effects of Paternalistic and Transformational Leadership on Follower Outcomes. The International Journal of Management and Business, 5(1), 36-58.
  • Hamilton, G. G., & Biggart, N. W. (1985). Why People Obey: Theoretical Observations on Power and Obedience in Complex Organizations. Sociological Perspectives, 28(1), 3-28.
  • Hancıoğlu, Y., Doğan, Ü. B., & Sırkıntıoğlu Yıldırım, Ş. (2014). Relationship between Uncertainty Avoidance Culture, Entrepreneurial Activity and Economic Development. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 908-916.
  • Hatch, M. J. & Cunliffe, A. L. (2013). Organization Theory: Modern, Symbolic, and Postmodern Perspectives. UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Hosftede, G. (2001). Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations. (2nd Ed.), USA: Sage Publications.
  • House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, Leadership, and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies. London: Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Hwang, Y. (2005). Investigating enterprise systems adoption: uncertainty avoidance, intrinsic motivation, and the technology acceptance model. European Journal of Information Systems, 14, 150-161.
  • Kağıtcıbaşı, Ç. (1997). Individualism and Collectivism. In Handbook of Cross-cultural Psychology: Social Behavior and Applications. Berry, J. W., Segall, M. H., & Kağıtcıbaşı, Ç. (eds.), Allyn and Bacon. Keiser, P. M., Marino, L. D., Dickson, P., & Weaver, K. M. (2010). Cultural Influences on Entrepreneurial Orientation: The Impact of National Culture on Risk Taking and Proactiveness in SMEs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34(5), 959-984.
  • Lee, S. H., & Wong, P. K. (2004). An exploratory study of technopreneurial intentions: A career anchor perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 19, 7–28.
  • Lune, H. (2011). Understanding Organizations. UK: Polity Press.
  • Magee, J. C., & Smith, P. K. (2013). The Social Distance Theory of Power. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 12(2), 158-186.
  • Marshall, V. & Bonner, D. (2003). Career anchors and the effects of downsizing: implications for generations and cultures at work. A preliminary investigation. Journal of European Industrial Training, 27(6), 281-291.
  • Maxel, O. J. M. (2013). Managerial Challenge to Cross Cultural Management of Diversity. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(20), 177-185.
  • Mulder, M. B., Nunn, C. L., & Towner, M. C. (2006). Cultural Macroevaluation and the Transmission of Traits. Evolutionary Anthropology, 15, 52-64.
  • Ng, E. S. W., Burke, R. J., & Fiksenbaum, L. (2008). Career choice in management: findings from US MBA students. Career Development International, 13(4), 346-361.
  • Nordvik, H. (1996). Relationship between Holland’s vocational typology, Schein’s career anchors and Myers – Briggs’ types. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 69, 263-275.
  • Öktem Özgür, A. (2014). Kariyer Değerleri ve Algılanan İstihdam Edilebilirlik Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Özen, Y. (2011). Kşisel Sorumluluk Bağlamında kariyer Seçimini Etkileyen Sosyal Psikolojik Faktörler. Eğitim ve İnsani Bilimler Dergisi: Teori ve Uygulama, 2(3), 81-96.
  • Özsoy, E. (2019). Kariyer Başarısı. İçinde. Kariyer: Temel kavramlar, yönetimi, güncel konular (Editörler E. Kaygın., ve Y. Zengin). Eğitim Yayınevi. Konya.
  • Peters, A., McEwen, B. C., & Friston, K. (2017). Uncertainty and stress: Why it causes diseases and how it is mastered by the brain. Progress in Neurobiology, 156, 164-188.
  • Pettigrew, A. (1979). On studying organizational culture. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(4), 570-581.
  • Sagie, A. & Aycan, Z. (2003). A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Participative Decision-Making in Organizations. Human Relations, 56(4), 453-473.
  • Saraç, M., & Raina, R. (2018). Organizational Commitment and Intention to Leave: The Moderating Role of Uncertainty of Avoidance. 38th International Academic Conference. Prague, 11-14 June.
  • Saylık, A. (2017). Okul müdürlerinin paternalist (babacan) liderlik davranışları ile Hofstede'nin kültür boyutları arasındaki ilişki (Doktora Tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Schein, E. (1990). Career Anchors: Discovering Your real Values. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Pfeiffer.
  • Schwartz, S. H. (1999). A Theory of Cultural Values and Some Implications for Work. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 48(1), 23-47.
  • Sok, J., Blomme, R., & Tromp, D. (2013). The use of the psychological contract to explain self-perceived employability. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 34, 274-284.
  • Sortheix, F. M., Dietrich, J., Chow, A., & Salmelo-Aro, K. (2013). The role of career values for work engagement during the transition to working life. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 466-475.
  • Triandis, H. C. (2001). Individualism-Collectivism and Personality. Journal of Personality, 69(6), 907-924.
  • Trice, H. M., & Beyer, J. M. (1993). The Cultures of Work Organizations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Wright, T. A., & Cropanzano, R. (2000). Psychological well-being and job satisfaction as predictors of job performance. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(1), 84 –94.
  • Wüst, K. & Simic, M. L. (2017). Students’ Career Preferences: Intercultural Study of Croatian and German Students. Economics and Sociology, 10(3), 136-152.
  • Yi, X., Ribbens, B., Fu, L., & Cheng, W. (2015). Variation in career and workplace attitudes by generation, gender, and culture differences in career perceptions in the United States and China. Employee Relations, 37(1), 66-82.
  • Yoo, B., Donthu, N., & Lenartowicz, T. (2011). Measuring Hofstede's Five Dimensions of Cultural Values at the Individual Level: Development and Validation of CVSCALE. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 23(3), 193-210.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Osman Uslu 0000-0002-0571-6281

Publication Date July 30, 2021
Submission Date February 23, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 10 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Uslu, O. (2021). Investigation of the Effects of Turkish Employees’ Cultural Values on Their Career Values. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 10(3), 1815-1827. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.885357
AMA Uslu O. Investigation of the Effects of Turkish Employees’ Cultural Values on Their Career Values. MJSS. July 2021;10(3):1815-1827. doi:10.33206/mjss.885357
Chicago Uslu, Osman. “Investigation of the Effects of Turkish Employees’ Cultural Values on Their Career Values”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 10, no. 3 (July 2021): 1815-27. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.885357.
EndNote Uslu O (July 1, 2021) Investigation of the Effects of Turkish Employees’ Cultural Values on Their Career Values. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 10 3 1815–1827.
IEEE O. Uslu, “Investigation of the Effects of Turkish Employees’ Cultural Values on Their Career Values”, MJSS, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 1815–1827, 2021, doi: 10.33206/mjss.885357.
ISNAD Uslu, Osman. “Investigation of the Effects of Turkish Employees’ Cultural Values on Their Career Values”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 10/3 (July 2021), 1815-1827. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.885357.
JAMA Uslu O. Investigation of the Effects of Turkish Employees’ Cultural Values on Their Career Values. MJSS. 2021;10:1815–1827.
MLA Uslu, Osman. “Investigation of the Effects of Turkish Employees’ Cultural Values on Their Career Values”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 3, 2021, pp. 1815-27, doi:10.33206/mjss.885357.
Vancouver Uslu O. Investigation of the Effects of Turkish Employees’ Cultural Values on Their Career Values. MJSS. 2021;10(3):1815-27.

MANAS Journal of Social Studies