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ULAŞTIRMA SEKTÖRÜNDEKİ ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ, EKONOMİK BÜYÜME VE ÇEVRESEL KALİTE İLİŞKİSİ

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 485 - 506, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1228732

Abstract

Ülkeler ekonomik büyüme ve kalkınma hedefleri doğrultusunda ekonominin yapı taşı olan tüketimi karşılayabilmek için yoğun sanayi ve üretim tesisleri kurmuşlardır. Üretim ile tüketim arasındaki en önemli bağlantı ulaştırma sektörü olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Ulaştırma sektöründeki enerji tüketimi dünya üzerinde yer alan fosil yakıtların %50 sini, toplam enerji kaynaklarının ise üçte birini kullanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada 1990-2018 yılları arasında 28’i OECD ülkesi olmak üzere toplam 36 ülkedeki ekonomik büyüme, ulaştırma sektöründeki enerji tüketimi, karbondioksit salınımı ve petrol fiyatlarından oluşan değişkenler analiz edilmiştir. OECD üyesi 28 ülke ile bu ülkelerle ticari ilişkileri yoğun olan ve ulaştırma enerjisi tüketimi bu 28 ülke arasında en az olan Lüksemburg’un enerji tüketiminin üzerinde ve ulaştırma enerjisi tüketimi en fazla olan Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin altında olan 8 ülke ile ülke gurubu oluşturulmuş ve veri seti Sistem-GMM yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, literatüre destek veren bir şekilde ulaştırma sektöründe kullanılan enerji tüketiminin ve ekonomik büyümenin çevresel kaliteyi bozduğu yani karbondioksit salınımını artırdığı, petrol fiyatlarında meydana gelen artışın ise karbondioksit salınımını azalttığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

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Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 485 - 506, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1228732

Abstract

References

  • Abosedra, S., & Baghestani, H. (1989). New evidence on the casual relationship between United States energy consumption and gross national product. The Journal of Energy and Development, 14(2), 285-292.
  • Acemoğlu, D. (2009). Introduction to Modern Economic Growth. Princeton, New Jersey & Woodstock, Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press.
  • Aghion, P., & Howitt, P. W. (2009). The Economics of Growth. London: The MIT Press.
  • Ahmed, Z., Ali, S., Saud, S., & Shahzad, S. J. (2020). Transport CO2 emissions, drivers, and mitigation: an empirical investigation in India. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 13, 1367-1374.
  • Ajmi, A. N., Hammoudeh, S., Nguyen, D. K., & Sato, J. R. (2015). On the relationships between CO2 emissions, energy consumption and income: the importance of time variation. Energy Economics, 49, 629-638.
  • Akarca, A. T., & Long II, T. V. (1980). On the relationship between energy and GNP: A reexamination. The Journal of Energy and Development, 5(2), 326-331.
  • Alkhathlan, K., & Javid, M. (2013). Energy consumption, carbon emissions and economic growth in Saudi Arabia: An aggregate and disaggregate analysis. Energy Policy, 62, 1525-1532.
  • Andreoni, V., & Galmarini, S. (2012). European CO2 emission trends: A decomposition analysis for water and aviation transport sectors. Energy, 45, 595-602.
  • Apergis, N., & Payne, J. E. (2009b). CO2 emissions, energy usage, and output in Central America. Energy Policy, 37, 3282-3286.
  • Arellona, M. (2003). Panel Data Econometrics. Oxford University Press.
  • Arı, A., & Özcan, B. (2011). İşçi gelirleri ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: Dinamik panel veri analizi. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 101-117.
  • Arvin, M. B., Pradhan, R. P., & Norman, N. R. (2015). Transportation intensity, urbanization, economic growth, and CO2 emissions in the G-20 countries. Utilities Policy, 35, 50-66.
  • Bahar, O., & Bozkurt, K. (2010). Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde turizm-ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: Dinamik panel veri analizi. Anatolia:Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 255-265.
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  • Costantini, V., & Martini, C. (2010). The causality between energy consumption and economic growth: A multi-sectoral analysis using non-stationary cointegrated panel data. Energy Economics, 32, 591-603.
  • Çetin, M., Kırcı, B., Saygın, S., & Alaşahan, Y. (2018). Economic growth, financial development, energy consumption and foreign trade impact on the environmential: a causality analysis for Turkish economy (1960-2013). Balkan Journal of Social Sciences/Balkan Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(13), 26-43.
  • Dagher, L., & Yacoubian, T. (2012). The causal relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Lebanon. Energy Policy, 50, 795-801.
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  • Erdoğan, H. T. (2016). Ulaşım hizmetlerinin ekonomik kalkınma üzerine etkisi. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3(1), 187-215.
  • Govindaraju, V. C., & Tang, C. F. (2013). The dynamic links between CO2 emissions, economic growth and coal. Applied Energy, 104, 310-318.
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  • Hansen, L. P., & Singleton, K. J. (1982). Generalized Instrumental Variables Estimation of Nonlinear Rational Expectations Models. Econometrica, 1269-1286.
  • Hao, H., Geng, Y., Li, W., & Guo, B. (2015). Energy consumption and GHG emissions from China's freight transport sector: Scenarios through 2050. Energy Policy, 85, 94-101.
  • Heidari, H., Katırcıoğlu, S. T., & Saeidpour, L. (2015). Economic growth, CO2 emissions, and energy consumption in the five ASEAN countries. Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 64, 785-791.
  • Hwang, D. B., & Gum, B. (1991). The casual relationship between energy and GNP: the case of Taiwan. The Journal of Energy and Development, 16(2), 219-226.
  • IEA. (2022). 25 Ekim 2022 tarihinde International Energy Agency Resmi Sitesi: https://www.iea.org/reports/transport adresinden alındı.
  • Ivic, M. M. (2015). Economic growth and development. Journal of Process of Managament New Technologies International, 3(1), 55-62.
  • Johansson, B. (2009). Will restrictions on CO2 emissions require reductions in transport demand? Energy Policy, 37(8), 3212-3220.
  • Kablamacı, B. (2004). Enerji kaynaklarının ekonomik boyutu ve dünya enerji kaynakları piyasalarının genel durumu. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimle Enstitüsü.
  • Kaika, D., & Zervas, E. (2013). The environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) theory-part A: concept, causes and the CO2 emissions case. Energy Policy, 62, 1392-1402.
  • Karagül, M. (2002). Beşeri Sermayenin İktisadi Gelişimdeki Rolü ve Türkiye Boyutu. Afyonkarahisar: Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Yayınları No: 37.
  • Kaya Kıraçlar, F. (2005). Ekonomik büyüme modellerinde beşeri sermaye: içsel büyüme modelinin analizi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Kayseri: Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Kharbach, M., & Chfadi, T. (2017). CO2 emissions in Moroccan road transport sector: Divisia, cointegration, and EKC analyses. Sustainable Cities and Society, 35, 396-401.
  • Koç, Ü. (2020). Sektörel enerji tüketimi ve ekonomik büyüme. Üçüncü Sektör Sosyal Ekonomi Dergisi, 55(1), 508-521.
  • Kraft, J., & Kraft, A. (1978). On the relationship between energy and GNP. The Journal of Energy and Development, 3(2), 401-403.
  • Li, Y., Du, Q., Lu, X., Wu, J., & Han, X. (2019). Relationship between the development and CO2 emissions of transport sector in China. Transportation Research Part D, 74, 1-14.
  • Masih, A. M., & Masih, R. (1997). On the Temporal Causal Relationship Between Energy Consumption, Real Income, and Prices: Some New Evidence From Asian-Energy Dependent NICs based on a multivariate cointegrationnector error-correction approach. Journal of Policy Modeling, 19(4), 417-440.
  • Mbarek, M. B., Ali, N. B., & Feki, R. (2014). Causality relationship between CO2 emissions, GDP and energy intensity in Tunisia. Environ Dev Sustain, 16, 1253-1262.
  • Melek Okur, M. (2019). Özel hastanelerin kentsel çevre kalitesine etkisine yönelik bir inceleme: Acıbadem hastanesi örneği. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Hatay: Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Mohmand, Y. T., Mehmood, F., Mughal, K. S., & Aslam, F. (2021). Investigating the causal relationship between transport infrastructure, economic growth and transport emissions in Pakistan. Research in Transportation Economics, 88, 1-9.
  • Mraihi, R., Abdallah, K., & Abid, M. (2013). Road transport-related energy consumption: Analysis of driving factors in Tunisia. Energy Policy, 62, 247-253.
  • Muhammad, B. (2019). Energy consumption, CO2 emissions and economic growth in developed, emerging and Middle East and North Africa countries. Energy, 179, 232-245.
  • Mustapa, S. I., & Bekhet, H. A. (2016). Analysis of CO2 emissions reduction in the Malaysian transportation sector: An optimisation approach. Energy Policy, 89, 171-183.
  • Narayan, P. K., Saboori, B., & Soleymani, A. (2016). Economic growth and carbon emissions. Economic Modelling, 53, 388-397.
  • Nasreen, S., Anwar, S., & Öztürk, İ. (2017). Financial stability, energy consumption and environmental quality: evidence from South Asian economies. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 67, 1105-1122.
  • Ong, H., Mahlia, T., & Masjuki, H. (2012). A review on energy pattern and policy for transportation sector in Malaysia. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16, 532-542.
  • Pablo-Romero, M. P., Cruz, L., & Barata, E. (2017). Testing the transport energy-environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in the EU27 countries. Energy Economics, 62, 257-269.
  • Paul, S., & Bhattacharya, R. N. (2004). Causality between energy consumption and economic growth in India: a note on conflicting results. Energy Economics, 26, 977-983.
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  • Suri, V., & Chapman, D. (1998). Economic growth, trade and energy: implications for the environmental Kuznets curve. Ecological Economics, 25(2), 195-208.
  • Tan, M. (2016). Sağlık hizmetlerinde kalite ölçümü ve değerlendirmesi Bingöl Devlet Hastanesi’nde bir uygulama. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Bingöl: Bingöl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Tatoğlu, F. (t.y.). Ekonometri. Ekonometri Ders Notları. İstanbul Üniversitesi Açık ve Uzaktan Eğitim Fakültesi. Tatoğlu, F. Y. (2020). Panel Zaman Serileri Analizi. İstanbul: Beta Yayınları.
  • Teter, J. (2022, Eylül). Transport. 17 Ekim 2022 tarihinde IEA Resmi Sitesi: https://www.iea.org/topics/transport adresinden alındı
  • Timilsina, G. R., & Shrestha, A. (2009). Transport sector CO2 emissions growth in Asia: Underlying factors and policy options. Energy Policy, 37, 4523-4539.
  • Usta, C., & Berber, M. (2017). Türkiye'de enerji tüketimi ekonomik büyüme ilişkisinin sektörel analizi. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 13(1), 173-187.
  • Walmsley, M. R., Walmsey, T. G., Atkins, M. J., Kamp, P. J., Neale, J. R., & Chand, A. (2015). Carbon emissions pinch analysis for emissions reductions in the New Zealand transport sector through to 2050. Energy, 1000, 1-8.
  • Wang, B., Sun, Y., Chen, Q., & Wang, Z. (2017). Determinants analysis of carbon dioxide emissions in passenger and freight transportation sectors in China. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 1-35.
  • Wang, W. W., Zhang, M., & Zhou, M. (2011). Using LMDI method to analyze transport sector CO2 emissions in China. Energy, 36, 5909-5915.
  • Yardımcı, P. (2006). İçsel büyüme modelleri ve Türkiye ekonomisinde içsel büyümenin dinamikleri. Selçuk Üniversitesi Karaman İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 10(9), 96-115.
  • Yılmaz, B. (2019). Yenilenebilir enerji (rüzgar enerjisi) üreten işletmelerin Türkiye muhasebe standartları açısından değerlendirilmesi. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Yılmaz, S. (2017). Finansman, ihracat davranışı, sahiplik yapısı ve firmaların yenilik performansı arasındaki ilişkinin analizi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Nevşehir: Nevşehir Hacıbektaş Veli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN THE TRANSPORTATION SECTOR, ECONOMIC GROWTH, AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 485 - 506, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1228732

Abstract

Countries have established intensive industrial and production facilities to meet the consumption, which is the building block of the economy, in line with their economic growth and development goals. The most important link between production and consumption is the transportation sector. The energy consumption in the transportation sector uses 50% of the fossil fuels and one-third of the total energy resources in the world. In this study, between 1990 and 2018, variables consisting of economic growth, energy consumption in the transportation sector, carbon dioxide emissions and oil prices in a total of 36 countries, 28 of which are OECD countries, were analysed. A country group was formed with 28 OECD member countries and 8 countries, which have intense commercial relations with these countries and whose transportation energy consumption is above the energy consumption of Luxembourg, which is the least among these 28 countries, and below the United States, which has the highest transportation energy consumption and the data set was analysed by the System-GMM method. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that in a way that supports the literature, the energy consumption and economic growth used in the transportation sector deteriorates the environmental quality, that is, increases the carbon dioxide emissions, and the increase in oil prices reduces the carbon dioxide emission.

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There are 72 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Economics
Authors

Mehmet Uçar 0000-0001-6078-7536

Serap Çoban 0000-0001-8076-5860

Early Pub Date March 28, 2023
Publication Date March 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 13 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Uçar, M., & Çoban, S. (2023). ULAŞTIRMA SEKTÖRÜNDEKİ ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ, EKONOMİK BÜYÜME VE ÇEVRESEL KALİTE İLİŞKİSİ. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 13(1), 485-506. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1228732