Research Article
Year 2023,
Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 237 - 255, 01.07.2023
Abstract
References
- Ae-MoYS. (2011). Assessing the e-maturity of your school. European Commission.
- Akgün Özbek, E. (2019). Dijital dönüşümde öğretim elemanlarının yetiştirilmesi ve geliştirilmesi [Training and development of teaching staff in digital transformation] (Tez No. 622414). PhD Thesis. Anadolu University, Eskişehir. National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education.
- AU. (2019). Anadolu Üniversitesi’nden yükseköğretimde dijital dönüşüme büyük destek [Great support from Anadolu University to digital transformation in higher education]. Anadolu Üniversitesi. http://egazete.anadolu.edu.tr/kampus/38651/anadolu-universitesinden-yuksekogretimde-dijital-donusume-buyuk-destek
- Balyer, A., & Öz, Ö. (2018). Academicians' views on digital transformation in education. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching, 5(4), 809-830. http://iojet.org/index.php/IOJET/article/view/441/295
- Bauer, M. W. (2003). Classical content analysis: A review. In M. W. Bauer & G. Gaskell (Eds.), Qualitative researching with text, image and sound (pp. 131-151). Sage Publications.
- Best, J. W., & Kahn, J. V. (1993). Research in Education. Allyn and Bacon.
- Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027.
- Brinberg, D., & McGrath, J. E. (1985). Validity and the research process. In Validity and the Research Process. Sage Publications.
- Chen, I., & Kidd, T.T. (2011). Ubiquitous learning: Strategies for pedagogy, Course Design, and Technology. Information Age.
- Colone, G. (2019). Digital transformation and empowering technologies in higher education. HEA. https://hea.ie/assets/uploads/2017/04/190212_FutureFocus_Digital-Transformation_Discussion-Paper.pdf.
- Dewar, J. (2017). University 4.0: Redefining the role of universities in the modern era. Higher Education Review Magazine.
- DigCompOrg. (2015). DigCompOrg framework. European Commission. https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu/european-framework-digitally-competent-educational-organisations-digcomporg/digcomporg-framework_en
- Đurek, V., Kadoic, N., & Ređep, N. B. (2018). Assessing the digital maturity level of higher education institutions. In 2018 41st International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO) (pp. 0671-0676). IEEE.
- Egloffstein, M., & Ifenthaler, D. (2021). Tracing digital transformation in educational organizations. In Digital transformation of learning organizations (pp. 41-57). Springer.
- Erdem, A. R. (2006). Dünyadaki yükseköğretimin değişimi [Change of higher education in the world]. The Journal of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute, 15, 299-314. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/susbed/issue/61781/923639
- European University Association. (2015). Trends 2015: Learning and teaching in European universities. EUA. https://eua.eu/resources/publications/388:trends-2015-learning-and-teaching-in-european-universities.html
- FCMM. (2010). Future classroom maturity model. http://ftelab.ie.ulisboa.pt/tel/gbook/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2.2-FCMM-reference-guide.pdf
- Finne, H. (2011). Report from the European Commission’s expert group on knowledge transfer indicators. European Commission. https://ec.europa.eu/invest-in-research/pdf/download_en/knowledge_transfer_web.pdf
- Fitzgerald, M., Kruschwitz, N., Bonnet, D., & Welch, M. (2013). Embracing digital technology: A new strategic imperative. MIT Sloan Management Review, 55(2), 1.
- Fisk, W. J. (2017). The ventilation problem in schools: Literature review. Indoor Air, 27(6), 1039-1051.
- Forster, N. (1995). The analysis of company documentation. C. Cassell & G. Symon (Eds). Qualitative methods in organiational research: A practical guide. Sage Publications.
- Geneva. (2018). Digital university. The University of Geneva. https://www.unige.ch/numerique/en/
- Gartner, G. (2020). Digitalization. https://www.gartner.com/en/information-technology/glossary/digitalization.
- Gülseren, A., & Sağbaş, A. (2019). Endüstri 4.0 perspektifinde sanayide dijital dönüşüm ve dijital olgunluk seviyesinin değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of Digital Transformation and Digital Maturity Level in Industry from Industry 4.0 Perspective]. European Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2(2), 1-5. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/911727
- Harkins, A. M. (2008). Leap frog principles and practices: Core components of education 3.0 and 4.0. Futures research Quarterly draft VIII, 1-15.
- Henriette, E., Feki, M., & Boughzala, I. (2015). The shape of digital transformation: A systematic literature review. MCIS 2015 Proceedings, 431-443.
- Higgs, M., & Rowland, D. (2005). All changes great and small: Exploring approaches to change and its leadership. Journal of Change Management, 5(2), 121-151. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697010500082902
- Jisc. (2019). Developing digital capability: An organizational framework. Japanese Industrial Standards Committee. https://repository.jisc.ac.uk/6610/1/JFL0066F_DIGICAP_MOD_ORG_FRAME.PDF
- Kayalı, B. (2022). İlk ve ortaöğretimde Covid-19 dönemi uygulamalarının değerlendirilmesi ve acil uzaktan öğretim çerçevesinin oluşturulması [Evaluation of Covid-19 period applications in primary and secondary education and creation of emergency distance education framework] (Tez No. 773014). PhD Thesis. Atatürk University, Erzurum. National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education.
- Kirk, J., & Miller, M. L. (1988). Reliability and validity in qualitative research. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 1(1).
- Krippendorff, K. (2018). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology. Sage Publications.
- Kuznetsov, E. B., & Engovatova, A. A. (2016). Universities 4.0: Points of growth of the knowledge economy in Russia. Innovations, 5(211), 3-9.
- Kuzu, Ö. H. (2020). Digital transformation in higher education: A case study on strategic plans. Higher Educaion in Russia, 3, 9-23. https://doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2019-29-3-9-23
- Martínez-Pérez, S., & Rodríguez-Abitia, G. (2021). A roadmap for digital transformation of Latin American Universities. In Radical Solutions for Digital Transformation in Latin American Universities (pp. 19-36). Springer.
- McMillan, J. H., & Schumacher, S. (2010). Research in Education: Evidence-Based Inquiry. Pearson.
- Merriam, S. B. (1998). Qualitative research and case study applications in education. Jossey-Bass Publishers.
- Microsoft. (2018). Microsoft education transformation framework for higher education. Microsoft. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/education/higher-education/education-transformation-framework
- Mora, H. L., & Sánchez, P. P. (2020). Digital transformation in higher education institutions with business process management: Robotic process automation mediation model. In 2020 15th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
- Parker, S. (2020). KPMG connected enterprise for higher education. KPMG. https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/xx/pdf/2020/10/future-of-higher-education.pdf
- Richter, T., Baum, S., Böhmer, S., Klemenjak, S., Roettgen, A., Stich, C., ... & Westerfeld, F. (2019, November). Digital transformation in higher education: Selection, test and acquisition of a business support system-experiences from the field and lessons learned. In Chova, Martinez et al. (Eds.): Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Education, Research and Innovation (Seville), IATED Academy, Barcelona (pp. 1826-1836). IATED Academy.
- Rodrigues, L. S. (2017). Challenges of digital transformation in higher education institutions: A brief discussion. 30th IBIMA Conference. Seville, Spain.
- Safiullin, M. R., Akhmetshin, E. M., & Vasilev, V. L. (2019). Production of indicators for evaluation of digital transformation of modern university. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 9(1), 7399-7402. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.A3100.109119
- Salas, P. O. (2018). What is -and what is not- digital transformation. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com.mx/que-es-y-que-no-la-transformacion-digital/.
- Sandkuhl, K., & Lehmann, H. (2017). Digital transformation in higher education-the role of enterprise architectures and portals. In A. Rossmann, & A. Zimmermann (eds.) Digital Enterprise Computing (DEC) 2017. (pp. 49-60) Gesellschaft für Informatik.
- Santos, H., Batista, J., & Marques, R. P. (2019). Digital transformation in higher education: The use of communication technologies by students. Procedia Computer Science, 164, 123-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.12.163.
- Seres, L., Pavlicevic, V., & Tumbas, P. (2018). Digital transformation of higher education: Competing on analytics. In Proceedings of INTED2018 Conference 5th-7th March (pp. 9491-9497).
- Sirisukha, S. (2020). The impact of digital transformation strategy in organizations. New Zealand Journal of Business & Technology, 2, 67-77.
- Taşcı, Y., & Taşlıbeyaz, E. (2021). Yükseköğretim kurumlarında dijital dönüşüm çalışmalarının incelenmesi [Review of the studies on digital transformation in higher education institutions]. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 11(1), 172-183. https://doi.org/10.5961/jhes.2021.439
- Tilson, D., Lyytinen, K., & Sørensen, C. (2010). Research commentary—Digital infrastructures: The missing IS research agenda. Information systems research, 21(4), 748-759. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.1100.0318
- Uzun, E., & Gök, A. (2020). Dönüşümde değişim yönetimi ve uygulamaları [Change management and applications in transformation]. S.Karaman (Ed.), Yükseköğretimde Dijital Dönüşüm [Digital Transformation in Higher Education] in (36-47 ss.). Pegem Academy.
- Vliet, M. (2018). The importance of a digital culture. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/importance-digital-culture-michiel-van-vliet-/
- World Economic Forum. (2021). Digital culture: The driving force of digital transformation. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/reports/digital-culture-the-driving-force-of-digital-transformation
- Yavuz, M. (2022). Yükseköğretimde dijital olgunluk modelinin tasarlanması, uygulanması ve değerlendirilmesi [Design, implementation, and evaluation of the digital maturity model in higher education] (Tez No. 755108). PhD Thesis. Atatürk University, Erzurum. National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education.
- Yavuz, M., Kayalı, B., Balat, Ş., & Karaman, S. (2020). Review of distance learning applications in the universities in the covid-19 period. Journal of National Education, 49(1), 129-154. https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.784822
- Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2016). Qualitative research methods in the social sciences. Seçkin Publishing.
- YÖK. (2019a). YÖK’ ün yükseköğretimde dijital dönüşüm projesinde imzalar atıldı [Signatures signed in the higher education digital transformation project of CHE]. https://www.yok.gov.tr/Sayfalar/Haberler/agri-dijital-donusum-tanitim-toplantisi.aspx.
- YÖK. (2019b). Türkiye’nin fırsat penceresi: “Türk yükseköğretimi” toplantısı Muş’ta gerçekleştirildi [Türkiye's window of opportunity: “Turkish higher education” meeting was held in Muş.]. https://www.yok.gov.tr/Sayfalar/Haberler/ 2019/turkiye-nin-firsat-penceresi-turk-yuksekogretimi-toplantisi.aspx
Year 2023,
Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 237 - 255, 01.07.2023
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the digital transformation activities of universities. The document analysis method was used in the study, one of the qualitative research methods. In this context, the websites of 207 universities were examined using the "Digital transformation activities form of universities" developed by the researchers. The data were analyzed by content analysis method. As a result of the analysis, six broad themes, also called dimensions in the current study, emerged, such as research, education, culture, process, technology, and community service regarding digital transformation activities of higher education institutions. Infrastructure studies, educational activities for research and supply and the use of smart systems to provide various cooperation opportunities are discussed within the scope of the research dimension. There are online scientific studies, online education programs, digital resources, and open access opportunities in the education dimension. As for the culture dimension, online manager activities for corporate culture, training of trainers, culture-arts and scientific activities took place. With the transfer of business processes to the digital environment, corporate promotion and communication activities were included in the process dimension. In the technology dimension, smart systems, smart campus applications and innovative technologies took place. Finally, the scope of community service compromised related units, university-industry cooperation activities and social activities. As a result, universities carry out activities to support processes such as education, research, management, and cooperation and to realize them in digital environments. For this purpose, it can be said that they perform effective and efficient processes by using various intelligent systems.
References
- Ae-MoYS. (2011). Assessing the e-maturity of your school. European Commission.
- Akgün Özbek, E. (2019). Dijital dönüşümde öğretim elemanlarının yetiştirilmesi ve geliştirilmesi [Training and development of teaching staff in digital transformation] (Tez No. 622414). PhD Thesis. Anadolu University, Eskişehir. National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education.
- AU. (2019). Anadolu Üniversitesi’nden yükseköğretimde dijital dönüşüme büyük destek [Great support from Anadolu University to digital transformation in higher education]. Anadolu Üniversitesi. http://egazete.anadolu.edu.tr/kampus/38651/anadolu-universitesinden-yuksekogretimde-dijital-donusume-buyuk-destek
- Balyer, A., & Öz, Ö. (2018). Academicians' views on digital transformation in education. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching, 5(4), 809-830. http://iojet.org/index.php/IOJET/article/view/441/295
- Bauer, M. W. (2003). Classical content analysis: A review. In M. W. Bauer & G. Gaskell (Eds.), Qualitative researching with text, image and sound (pp. 131-151). Sage Publications.
- Best, J. W., & Kahn, J. V. (1993). Research in Education. Allyn and Bacon.
- Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027.
- Brinberg, D., & McGrath, J. E. (1985). Validity and the research process. In Validity and the Research Process. Sage Publications.
- Chen, I., & Kidd, T.T. (2011). Ubiquitous learning: Strategies for pedagogy, Course Design, and Technology. Information Age.
- Colone, G. (2019). Digital transformation and empowering technologies in higher education. HEA. https://hea.ie/assets/uploads/2017/04/190212_FutureFocus_Digital-Transformation_Discussion-Paper.pdf.
- Dewar, J. (2017). University 4.0: Redefining the role of universities in the modern era. Higher Education Review Magazine.
- DigCompOrg. (2015). DigCompOrg framework. European Commission. https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu/european-framework-digitally-competent-educational-organisations-digcomporg/digcomporg-framework_en
- Đurek, V., Kadoic, N., & Ređep, N. B. (2018). Assessing the digital maturity level of higher education institutions. In 2018 41st International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO) (pp. 0671-0676). IEEE.
- Egloffstein, M., & Ifenthaler, D. (2021). Tracing digital transformation in educational organizations. In Digital transformation of learning organizations (pp. 41-57). Springer.
- Erdem, A. R. (2006). Dünyadaki yükseköğretimin değişimi [Change of higher education in the world]. The Journal of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute, 15, 299-314. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/susbed/issue/61781/923639
- European University Association. (2015). Trends 2015: Learning and teaching in European universities. EUA. https://eua.eu/resources/publications/388:trends-2015-learning-and-teaching-in-european-universities.html
- FCMM. (2010). Future classroom maturity model. http://ftelab.ie.ulisboa.pt/tel/gbook/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2.2-FCMM-reference-guide.pdf
- Finne, H. (2011). Report from the European Commission’s expert group on knowledge transfer indicators. European Commission. https://ec.europa.eu/invest-in-research/pdf/download_en/knowledge_transfer_web.pdf
- Fitzgerald, M., Kruschwitz, N., Bonnet, D., & Welch, M. (2013). Embracing digital technology: A new strategic imperative. MIT Sloan Management Review, 55(2), 1.
- Fisk, W. J. (2017). The ventilation problem in schools: Literature review. Indoor Air, 27(6), 1039-1051.
- Forster, N. (1995). The analysis of company documentation. C. Cassell & G. Symon (Eds). Qualitative methods in organiational research: A practical guide. Sage Publications.
- Geneva. (2018). Digital university. The University of Geneva. https://www.unige.ch/numerique/en/
- Gartner, G. (2020). Digitalization. https://www.gartner.com/en/information-technology/glossary/digitalization.
- Gülseren, A., & Sağbaş, A. (2019). Endüstri 4.0 perspektifinde sanayide dijital dönüşüm ve dijital olgunluk seviyesinin değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of Digital Transformation and Digital Maturity Level in Industry from Industry 4.0 Perspective]. European Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2(2), 1-5. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/911727
- Harkins, A. M. (2008). Leap frog principles and practices: Core components of education 3.0 and 4.0. Futures research Quarterly draft VIII, 1-15.
- Henriette, E., Feki, M., & Boughzala, I. (2015). The shape of digital transformation: A systematic literature review. MCIS 2015 Proceedings, 431-443.
- Higgs, M., & Rowland, D. (2005). All changes great and small: Exploring approaches to change and its leadership. Journal of Change Management, 5(2), 121-151. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697010500082902
- Jisc. (2019). Developing digital capability: An organizational framework. Japanese Industrial Standards Committee. https://repository.jisc.ac.uk/6610/1/JFL0066F_DIGICAP_MOD_ORG_FRAME.PDF
- Kayalı, B. (2022). İlk ve ortaöğretimde Covid-19 dönemi uygulamalarının değerlendirilmesi ve acil uzaktan öğretim çerçevesinin oluşturulması [Evaluation of Covid-19 period applications in primary and secondary education and creation of emergency distance education framework] (Tez No. 773014). PhD Thesis. Atatürk University, Erzurum. National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education.
- Kirk, J., & Miller, M. L. (1988). Reliability and validity in qualitative research. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 1(1).
- Krippendorff, K. (2018). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology. Sage Publications.
- Kuznetsov, E. B., & Engovatova, A. A. (2016). Universities 4.0: Points of growth of the knowledge economy in Russia. Innovations, 5(211), 3-9.
- Kuzu, Ö. H. (2020). Digital transformation in higher education: A case study on strategic plans. Higher Educaion in Russia, 3, 9-23. https://doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2019-29-3-9-23
- Martínez-Pérez, S., & Rodríguez-Abitia, G. (2021). A roadmap for digital transformation of Latin American Universities. In Radical Solutions for Digital Transformation in Latin American Universities (pp. 19-36). Springer.
- McMillan, J. H., & Schumacher, S. (2010). Research in Education: Evidence-Based Inquiry. Pearson.
- Merriam, S. B. (1998). Qualitative research and case study applications in education. Jossey-Bass Publishers.
- Microsoft. (2018). Microsoft education transformation framework for higher education. Microsoft. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/education/higher-education/education-transformation-framework
- Mora, H. L., & Sánchez, P. P. (2020). Digital transformation in higher education institutions with business process management: Robotic process automation mediation model. In 2020 15th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
- Parker, S. (2020). KPMG connected enterprise for higher education. KPMG. https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/xx/pdf/2020/10/future-of-higher-education.pdf
- Richter, T., Baum, S., Böhmer, S., Klemenjak, S., Roettgen, A., Stich, C., ... & Westerfeld, F. (2019, November). Digital transformation in higher education: Selection, test and acquisition of a business support system-experiences from the field and lessons learned. In Chova, Martinez et al. (Eds.): Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Education, Research and Innovation (Seville), IATED Academy, Barcelona (pp. 1826-1836). IATED Academy.
- Rodrigues, L. S. (2017). Challenges of digital transformation in higher education institutions: A brief discussion. 30th IBIMA Conference. Seville, Spain.
- Safiullin, M. R., Akhmetshin, E. M., & Vasilev, V. L. (2019). Production of indicators for evaluation of digital transformation of modern university. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 9(1), 7399-7402. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.A3100.109119
- Salas, P. O. (2018). What is -and what is not- digital transformation. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com.mx/que-es-y-que-no-la-transformacion-digital/.
- Sandkuhl, K., & Lehmann, H. (2017). Digital transformation in higher education-the role of enterprise architectures and portals. In A. Rossmann, & A. Zimmermann (eds.) Digital Enterprise Computing (DEC) 2017. (pp. 49-60) Gesellschaft für Informatik.
- Santos, H., Batista, J., & Marques, R. P. (2019). Digital transformation in higher education: The use of communication technologies by students. Procedia Computer Science, 164, 123-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.12.163.
- Seres, L., Pavlicevic, V., & Tumbas, P. (2018). Digital transformation of higher education: Competing on analytics. In Proceedings of INTED2018 Conference 5th-7th March (pp. 9491-9497).
- Sirisukha, S. (2020). The impact of digital transformation strategy in organizations. New Zealand Journal of Business & Technology, 2, 67-77.
- Taşcı, Y., & Taşlıbeyaz, E. (2021). Yükseköğretim kurumlarında dijital dönüşüm çalışmalarının incelenmesi [Review of the studies on digital transformation in higher education institutions]. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 11(1), 172-183. https://doi.org/10.5961/jhes.2021.439
- Tilson, D., Lyytinen, K., & Sørensen, C. (2010). Research commentary—Digital infrastructures: The missing IS research agenda. Information systems research, 21(4), 748-759. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.1100.0318
- Uzun, E., & Gök, A. (2020). Dönüşümde değişim yönetimi ve uygulamaları [Change management and applications in transformation]. S.Karaman (Ed.), Yükseköğretimde Dijital Dönüşüm [Digital Transformation in Higher Education] in (36-47 ss.). Pegem Academy.
- Vliet, M. (2018). The importance of a digital culture. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/importance-digital-culture-michiel-van-vliet-/
- World Economic Forum. (2021). Digital culture: The driving force of digital transformation. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/reports/digital-culture-the-driving-force-of-digital-transformation
- Yavuz, M. (2022). Yükseköğretimde dijital olgunluk modelinin tasarlanması, uygulanması ve değerlendirilmesi [Design, implementation, and evaluation of the digital maturity model in higher education] (Tez No. 755108). PhD Thesis. Atatürk University, Erzurum. National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education.
- Yavuz, M., Kayalı, B., Balat, Ş., & Karaman, S. (2020). Review of distance learning applications in the universities in the covid-19 period. Journal of National Education, 49(1), 129-154. https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.784822
- Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2016). Qualitative research methods in the social sciences. Seçkin Publishing.
- YÖK. (2019a). YÖK’ ün yükseköğretimde dijital dönüşüm projesinde imzalar atıldı [Signatures signed in the higher education digital transformation project of CHE]. https://www.yok.gov.tr/Sayfalar/Haberler/agri-dijital-donusum-tanitim-toplantisi.aspx.
- YÖK. (2019b). Türkiye’nin fırsat penceresi: “Türk yükseköğretimi” toplantısı Muş’ta gerçekleştirildi [Türkiye's window of opportunity: “Turkish higher education” meeting was held in Muş.]. https://www.yok.gov.tr/Sayfalar/Haberler/ 2019/turkiye-nin-firsat-penceresi-turk-yuksekogretimi-toplantisi.aspx
There are 57 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Other Fields of Education |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | July 11, 2023 |
| Publication Date | July 1, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | June 28, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 10 Issue: 4 |
