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Experimental Investigation of the Fracture Properties for Crumb Rubber Modified (CRM) Asphalt Mixtures

Year 2024, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 515 - 522, 27.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1125034

Abstract

Cracks that develop daily and seasonally due to the environmental or mechanical effects caused by axle loads, propagate over time and become an important type of distress in asphalt layers. This type of distress can significantly increase the maintenance and rehabilitation costs of pavements. The use of rubber powder or fine granules in certain proportions to the bitumen content can extend the life of the pavements and reduce the environmental problems caused by waste tire disposal. In this study, the fracture behavior of normal and rubber-modified asphalt mixtures was investigated in accordance with AASHTO TP105 by adding waste tire granules at the ratio of 20% by weight of bitumen to hot mix asphalt. It has been determined that when the waste tire powders are added to the hot mix asphalt by replacing 20% of the bitumen weight, coatings with 37% more elastic ability could be made on sustainable pavements. Waste tire powder-mixes performed 118% higher in maximum load and 97% higher in fracture toughness compared to control-mixes. It has been shown that low temperature performance could be improved when waste tire powder-added bitumen processed by dry method is mixed to hot mix asphalt up to 20%.

Thanks

The author of this article would like to gratefully acknowledge the Kocaeli Metropolitan Municipality for the support provided during the Marshall design of the samples and he would also like to gratefully acknowledge KORDSA Teknik Tekstil A.Ş. for the fracture tests of SCB specimens into the experimental works.

References

  • [1] https://www.lasder.org.tr/turkiyede-otl/, Türkiye’de ÖTL, Lasder Lastik Sanayicileri Derneği (2022), (in Turkish).
  • [2] Presti, D.L., “Recycled tyre rubber modified bitumens for road asphalt mixtures: A literature review”, Construction and Building Materials, 49: 863–881, (2013).
  • [3] https://www.ustires.org/sites/default/files/2019%20USTMA%20Scrap%20Tire%20Management%20Summary%20Report.pdf , U.S Scrap Tire Management Summary 2011–2019, Tire Manufacturers Association, Washington, DC, USA, 2020.
  • [4] Brown, D.R., Jared, D., Jones, C., Watson, D., “Georgia’s experience with crumb rubber in hot-mix asphalt”, Transportation Research Record, 1583: 45–51, (1997).
  • [5] Mashaan, N.S., Ali, A.H., Koting, S., Karim, M.R., “Performance evaluation of crumb rubber modified stone mastic asphalt pavement in Malaysia”, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2013, 304676, (2013).
  • [6] Shu, X., Huang, B., “Recycling of waste tire rubber in asphalt and portland cement concrete: An overview”, Construction and Building Materials, 67: 217–224, (2014).
  • [7] Yıldırım, Z. B., Karacasu, M., Okur, D.V., “Atık Lastik ve Cam Lif ile Modifiye Edilmiş Bitümün Asfalt Betonu Performansına Etkileri”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(3): 1019-1027, (2018), (in Turkish).
  • [8] Chegenizadeh, A., Jing Shen, P., Sekar Arumdani, I., Budihardjo, M.A., Nikraz, H., “The Addition of a High Dosage of Rubber to Asphalt Mixtures: The Effects on Rutting and Fatigue”, Sustainability, 13(17): 9718, (2021).
  • [9] Hashimi, S.N., Ahadi, S., Aslan, H., Kuyumcu, Z.C, “Investigation of the effect of Crumb Rubber Additive on the Fracture of characteristics of asphalt mixtures in control and asphalt rubber mixtures”, Academic Perspective Procedia, 3(1): 715-725, (2020).
  • [10] Durna E., Koz G. ve Genç N., “Türkiye’de ömrünü tamamlamış lastiklerin yönetiminde en uygun bertaraf seçeneğinin PROMETHEE ve bulanık PROMETHEE yöntemi ile belirlenmesi”, Politeknik Dergisi, 23(4): 915-927, (2020).
  • [11] KTS-2013, Karayolu Teknik Şartnamesi, Karayolları Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara, Türkiye, 418/1 pp, (2013), (in Turkish).
  • [12] Abut, Y., "Evaluation of the Fracture Behavior of Asphalt Concrete Prepared In-Field Using Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) Test", 3rd International Congress on Engineering Sciences and Multidisciplinary Approaches, İstanbul-Turkey, 521-528, (2022).
  • [13] Velasquez, R., Tabatabaee, H., Bahia, H., “Low temperature cracking characterization of asphalt binders by means of the single-edge notch bending (SENB) test”, Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, 80: 583-614, (2011).
  • [14] Kim, H., Wagoner, M. P., Buttlar, W. G., “Micromechanical fracture modeling of asphalt concrete using a single-edge notched beam test”, Materials and Structures, 42(5): 677, (2009).
  • [15] Wagoner, M. P., Buttlar, W. G., Paulino, G. H., “Development of a single-edge notched beam test for asphalt concrete mixtures”, Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 33(6): 452-460, (2005).
  • [16] Wagnoner, M. P., Buttlar, W., Paulino, G. H., “Disk-shaped compact tension test for asphalt concrete fracture”, Experimental Mechanics, 45(3): 270-277, (2005).
  • [17] Wagoner, M., Buttlar, W., Paulino, G., Blankenship, P., “Investigation of the fracture resistance of hot-mix asphalt concrete using a disk-shaped compact tension test”, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1929(1): 183-192, (2005).
  • [18] Saha, G., Biligiri, K. P., “Fracture damage evaluation of asphalt mixtures using Semi-Circular Bending test based on fracture energy approach”, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 142: 154-169, (2015).
  • [19] Minhajuddin, M., Saha, G., Biligiri, K. P., “Crack propagation parametric assessment of modified asphalt mixtures using linear elastic fracture mechanics approach”, Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 44(1): 471-483, (2015).
  • [20] Im, S., Ban, H., Kim, Y. R., “Characterization of mode-I and mode-II fracture properties of fine aggregate matrix using a semicircular specimen geometry”, Construction and Building Materials, 52: 413-421, (2014).
  • [21] Hassan, M. M., “Effect of secondary aggregates on relationship between creep time dependent index and Paris Law parameters”, Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction Technology, 4(2): 45-50, (2013).
  • [22] Chong, K., Kuruppu, M. D., “New specimen for fracture toughness determination for rock and other materials”, International Journal of Fracture, 26(2): R59-R62, (1984).
  • [23] EN 12697-44, “Bituminous Mixtures—Test Methods for Hot Mix Asphalt Part 44: Crack Propagation by Semi-Circular Bending Test”, European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium, (2010).
  • [24] AASHTO TP 105-13, “Standard Method of Test for Determining the Fracture Energy of Asphalt Mixtures Using the Semicircular Bend Geometry (SCB)”, American Association of State and Highway Transportation Officials, Washington, DC, (2013).
  • [25] ASTM D6927, “Standard Test Method for Marshall Stability and Flow of Asphalt Mixtures”, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA, (2015).
  • [26] Radziszewski, P., Sarnowski, M., Plewa, A., Pokorski, P., “Properties of asphalt concrete with basalt-polymer fibers”, Archives of Civil Engineering, 64(4/I), (2018).
  • [27] Asphalt Institute, Asphalt mix design methods, Manual series No.2, 7th Edition, Lexington, KY, USA, (2014).
  • [28] Cao, W., “Study on properties of recycled tire rubber modified asphalt mixtures using dry process”, Construction and Building Materials, 21(5): 1011–1015, (2007).
  • [29] Abut, Y., “Kauçuk Modifiyeli Asfalt Betonun Birim Deformasyon Özelliklerinin İrdelenmesi”, 1st International Conference on Engineering and Applied Natural Sciences, Konya-Turkey, 682-686, (2022), (in Turkish).
  • [30] Shen, J., Li, B., Xie, Z., “Interaction between crumb rubber modifier (CRM) and asphalt binder in dry process”, Construction and Building Materials, 149: 202-206, (2017).
  • [31] Venudharan, V., Biligiri, K.P., Sousa, J.B., Way, G.B., “Asphalt-rubber gap-graded mixture design practices: A state-of-the-art research review and future perspective”, Road Materials and Pavement Design, 18: 730–752, (2017).
  • [32] EN 12697-32, “Bituminous Mixtures, Test Methods for Hot Mix Asphalt, Laboratory Compaction of Bituminous Mixtures by Vibratory Compactor” (British Standard), (2003).
  • [33] Saha, G., Biligiri, K. P., “Fracture properties of asphalt mixtures using semi-circular bending test: a state-of-the-art review and future research”, Construction and Building Materials, 105: 103-112, (2016).

Granül Kauçuk Modifiyeli (CRM) Asfalt Karışımların Kırılma Özelliklerinin Deneysel Olarak İncelenmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 515 - 522, 27.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1125034

Abstract

Tekerlek yükleriyle birlikte çevresel ve mekanik etkilerden dolayı gün ve mevsim bazında ortaya çıkan çatlaklar, zamanla yayılarak esnek üstyapılarda önemli bir bozulma türü haline gelirler. Bu tür bir bozulma, üstyapıların bakım ve rehabilitasyon maliyetlerini önemli ölçüde artırabilmektedir. Bitüm içeriğine belirli oranlarda kauçuk tozu veya ince granüllerin katılması ile kaplamaların ömürleri uzatılabilmekte ve araç lastiği atıklarından kaynaklanan çevre sorunlarını azaltabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, normal ve kauçuk modifiyeli asfalt karışımların kırılma davranışı AASHTO TP105'e göre, atık lastik granülleri bitümün ağırlıkça %20 oranında karışıma eklenerek incelenmiştir. Karışıma bitüm ağırlığının %20'si oranında atık lastik tozu eklendiğinde, sürdürülebilir kaplamalarda %37 daha fazla elastikiyete sahip üstyapıların yapılabileceği tespit edilmiştir. Atık lastik katkılı karışımlar, kontrol karışımlarına kıyasla maksimum yükte %118 ve kırılma tokluğunda %97 daha yüksek performans göstermiştir. Kuru yöntemle proses edilen atık lastik katkılı bitüm, %20'ye kadar bitümlü sıcak karışımlara eklendiğinde, karışımın düşük sıcaklık performansının iyileştirilebileceği tespit edilmiştir.

References

  • [1] https://www.lasder.org.tr/turkiyede-otl/, Türkiye’de ÖTL, Lasder Lastik Sanayicileri Derneği (2022), (in Turkish).
  • [2] Presti, D.L., “Recycled tyre rubber modified bitumens for road asphalt mixtures: A literature review”, Construction and Building Materials, 49: 863–881, (2013).
  • [3] https://www.ustires.org/sites/default/files/2019%20USTMA%20Scrap%20Tire%20Management%20Summary%20Report.pdf , U.S Scrap Tire Management Summary 2011–2019, Tire Manufacturers Association, Washington, DC, USA, 2020.
  • [4] Brown, D.R., Jared, D., Jones, C., Watson, D., “Georgia’s experience with crumb rubber in hot-mix asphalt”, Transportation Research Record, 1583: 45–51, (1997).
  • [5] Mashaan, N.S., Ali, A.H., Koting, S., Karim, M.R., “Performance evaluation of crumb rubber modified stone mastic asphalt pavement in Malaysia”, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2013, 304676, (2013).
  • [6] Shu, X., Huang, B., “Recycling of waste tire rubber in asphalt and portland cement concrete: An overview”, Construction and Building Materials, 67: 217–224, (2014).
  • [7] Yıldırım, Z. B., Karacasu, M., Okur, D.V., “Atık Lastik ve Cam Lif ile Modifiye Edilmiş Bitümün Asfalt Betonu Performansına Etkileri”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(3): 1019-1027, (2018), (in Turkish).
  • [8] Chegenizadeh, A., Jing Shen, P., Sekar Arumdani, I., Budihardjo, M.A., Nikraz, H., “The Addition of a High Dosage of Rubber to Asphalt Mixtures: The Effects on Rutting and Fatigue”, Sustainability, 13(17): 9718, (2021).
  • [9] Hashimi, S.N., Ahadi, S., Aslan, H., Kuyumcu, Z.C, “Investigation of the effect of Crumb Rubber Additive on the Fracture of characteristics of asphalt mixtures in control and asphalt rubber mixtures”, Academic Perspective Procedia, 3(1): 715-725, (2020).
  • [10] Durna E., Koz G. ve Genç N., “Türkiye’de ömrünü tamamlamış lastiklerin yönetiminde en uygun bertaraf seçeneğinin PROMETHEE ve bulanık PROMETHEE yöntemi ile belirlenmesi”, Politeknik Dergisi, 23(4): 915-927, (2020).
  • [11] KTS-2013, Karayolu Teknik Şartnamesi, Karayolları Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara, Türkiye, 418/1 pp, (2013), (in Turkish).
  • [12] Abut, Y., "Evaluation of the Fracture Behavior of Asphalt Concrete Prepared In-Field Using Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) Test", 3rd International Congress on Engineering Sciences and Multidisciplinary Approaches, İstanbul-Turkey, 521-528, (2022).
  • [13] Velasquez, R., Tabatabaee, H., Bahia, H., “Low temperature cracking characterization of asphalt binders by means of the single-edge notch bending (SENB) test”, Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, 80: 583-614, (2011).
  • [14] Kim, H., Wagoner, M. P., Buttlar, W. G., “Micromechanical fracture modeling of asphalt concrete using a single-edge notched beam test”, Materials and Structures, 42(5): 677, (2009).
  • [15] Wagoner, M. P., Buttlar, W. G., Paulino, G. H., “Development of a single-edge notched beam test for asphalt concrete mixtures”, Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 33(6): 452-460, (2005).
  • [16] Wagnoner, M. P., Buttlar, W., Paulino, G. H., “Disk-shaped compact tension test for asphalt concrete fracture”, Experimental Mechanics, 45(3): 270-277, (2005).
  • [17] Wagoner, M., Buttlar, W., Paulino, G., Blankenship, P., “Investigation of the fracture resistance of hot-mix asphalt concrete using a disk-shaped compact tension test”, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1929(1): 183-192, (2005).
  • [18] Saha, G., Biligiri, K. P., “Fracture damage evaluation of asphalt mixtures using Semi-Circular Bending test based on fracture energy approach”, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 142: 154-169, (2015).
  • [19] Minhajuddin, M., Saha, G., Biligiri, K. P., “Crack propagation parametric assessment of modified asphalt mixtures using linear elastic fracture mechanics approach”, Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 44(1): 471-483, (2015).
  • [20] Im, S., Ban, H., Kim, Y. R., “Characterization of mode-I and mode-II fracture properties of fine aggregate matrix using a semicircular specimen geometry”, Construction and Building Materials, 52: 413-421, (2014).
  • [21] Hassan, M. M., “Effect of secondary aggregates on relationship between creep time dependent index and Paris Law parameters”, Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction Technology, 4(2): 45-50, (2013).
  • [22] Chong, K., Kuruppu, M. D., “New specimen for fracture toughness determination for rock and other materials”, International Journal of Fracture, 26(2): R59-R62, (1984).
  • [23] EN 12697-44, “Bituminous Mixtures—Test Methods for Hot Mix Asphalt Part 44: Crack Propagation by Semi-Circular Bending Test”, European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium, (2010).
  • [24] AASHTO TP 105-13, “Standard Method of Test for Determining the Fracture Energy of Asphalt Mixtures Using the Semicircular Bend Geometry (SCB)”, American Association of State and Highway Transportation Officials, Washington, DC, (2013).
  • [25] ASTM D6927, “Standard Test Method for Marshall Stability and Flow of Asphalt Mixtures”, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA, (2015).
  • [26] Radziszewski, P., Sarnowski, M., Plewa, A., Pokorski, P., “Properties of asphalt concrete with basalt-polymer fibers”, Archives of Civil Engineering, 64(4/I), (2018).
  • [27] Asphalt Institute, Asphalt mix design methods, Manual series No.2, 7th Edition, Lexington, KY, USA, (2014).
  • [28] Cao, W., “Study on properties of recycled tire rubber modified asphalt mixtures using dry process”, Construction and Building Materials, 21(5): 1011–1015, (2007).
  • [29] Abut, Y., “Kauçuk Modifiyeli Asfalt Betonun Birim Deformasyon Özelliklerinin İrdelenmesi”, 1st International Conference on Engineering and Applied Natural Sciences, Konya-Turkey, 682-686, (2022), (in Turkish).
  • [30] Shen, J., Li, B., Xie, Z., “Interaction between crumb rubber modifier (CRM) and asphalt binder in dry process”, Construction and Building Materials, 149: 202-206, (2017).
  • [31] Venudharan, V., Biligiri, K.P., Sousa, J.B., Way, G.B., “Asphalt-rubber gap-graded mixture design practices: A state-of-the-art research review and future perspective”, Road Materials and Pavement Design, 18: 730–752, (2017).
  • [32] EN 12697-32, “Bituminous Mixtures, Test Methods for Hot Mix Asphalt, Laboratory Compaction of Bituminous Mixtures by Vibratory Compactor” (British Standard), (2003).
  • [33] Saha, G., Biligiri, K. P., “Fracture properties of asphalt mixtures using semi-circular bending test: a state-of-the-art review and future research”, Construction and Building Materials, 105: 103-112, (2016).
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Yavuz Abut 0000-0003-4249-7791

Publication Date March 27, 2024
Submission Date June 2, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 27 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Abut, Y. (2024). Experimental Investigation of the Fracture Properties for Crumb Rubber Modified (CRM) Asphalt Mixtures. Politeknik Dergisi, 27(2), 515-522. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1125034
AMA Abut Y. Experimental Investigation of the Fracture Properties for Crumb Rubber Modified (CRM) Asphalt Mixtures. Politeknik Dergisi. March 2024;27(2):515-522. doi:10.2339/politeknik.1125034
Chicago Abut, Yavuz. “Experimental Investigation of the Fracture Properties for Crumb Rubber Modified (CRM) Asphalt Mixtures”. Politeknik Dergisi 27, no. 2 (March 2024): 515-22. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1125034.
EndNote Abut Y (March 1, 2024) Experimental Investigation of the Fracture Properties for Crumb Rubber Modified (CRM) Asphalt Mixtures. Politeknik Dergisi 27 2 515–522.
IEEE Y. Abut, “Experimental Investigation of the Fracture Properties for Crumb Rubber Modified (CRM) Asphalt Mixtures”, Politeknik Dergisi, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 515–522, 2024, doi: 10.2339/politeknik.1125034.
ISNAD Abut, Yavuz. “Experimental Investigation of the Fracture Properties for Crumb Rubber Modified (CRM) Asphalt Mixtures”. Politeknik Dergisi 27/2 (March 2024), 515-522. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1125034.
JAMA Abut Y. Experimental Investigation of the Fracture Properties for Crumb Rubber Modified (CRM) Asphalt Mixtures. Politeknik Dergisi. 2024;27:515–522.
MLA Abut, Yavuz. “Experimental Investigation of the Fracture Properties for Crumb Rubber Modified (CRM) Asphalt Mixtures”. Politeknik Dergisi, vol. 27, no. 2, 2024, pp. 515-22, doi:10.2339/politeknik.1125034.
Vancouver Abut Y. Experimental Investigation of the Fracture Properties for Crumb Rubber Modified (CRM) Asphalt Mixtures. Politeknik Dergisi. 2024;27(2):515-22.