Research Article
Agrega Gradasyonundaki Değişimlerin Aşınma Tabakasında Kullanılan Bitümlü Sıcak Karışımların Mekanik Özelliklerine Olan Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Abstract
Türkiye’de bitümlü karışımın kullanılacağı tabakaya göre hangi gradasyon özelliklerine sahip olması gerektiği Karayolu Teknik Şartnamesinde belirtilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, şartnamede aşınma tabakası için tanımlanan Tip-1 gradasyon zarfındaki alt, orta ve üst limit değerlerinin yanı sıra alt ve üst limitlerin belirli oranda ötelenmesiyle oluşturulan beş farklı agrega gradasyonunun bitümlü karışımların mekanik özellikleri üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Belirlenen beş gradasyon ile hem gradasyon zarfı dahilindeki değişimlerin etkisi hem de gradasyon zarfının genişleme potansiyeli incelenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda farklı agrega gradasyonları ile oluşturulan bitümlü karışımlarla Marshall tasarımları yapılmıştır. Test sonuçlarına göre agrega gradasyonu inceldikçe karışımın optimum bitüm ihtiyacı artmıştır. Gradasyon inceldikçe, optimum bitüm oranındaki bitümle dolu boşluk oranının (Vf) ve agregalar arasındaki boşluk yüzdesinin (VMA) arttığı, birim ağırlığın (Dp) azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda, Tip-1 için tanımlanan gradasyon zarfının genişleme potansiyelinin olabileceği görülmüştür.
References
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- [8] Fakhri M., Javadi S., Sassani A., Torabi-Dizaji M., “Zinc Slag as a Partial or Total Replacement for Mineral Filler in Warm Mix Asphalt and Its Effects on Self-Healing Capacity and Performance Characteristics”, Materials, 15, 736, (2022).
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- [23] Maharjan R., Tamrakar G.B.S, “ Effect of Aggregate Gradation Variation on the Marshall Mix Properties of Asphalt Concrete”, Proceedings of IOE Graduate Conference, Nepal 213-219, (2017).
- [24] Afaf A.H.M., “Effect Of Aggregate Gradation And Type On Hot Asphalt Concrete Mix Properties”, Journal of Engineering Sciences Assiut University Faculty of Engineering, 42(3): 567-574, (2014).
- [25] Golalipour A., Jamshidi E., Niazi Y., Afsharikia Z., Khadem M., “Effect of Aggregate Gradation on Rutting of Asphalt Pavements”, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 53: 440-449, (2012).
- [26] Morova N., Serin S., Terzi S., Saltan M., Küçükçapraz D.O., Karahançer S.S., Erişkin E., “Utility of polyparaphenylene terephtalamide fiber in hot mix asphalt as a fiber”, Construction and Building Materials, 107: 87-94, (2016).
- [27] Arslan D., Bayırtepe H., “Bitümlü sıcak karışımlara ait akma değerinin regresyon modelleri ile tahmini”, Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım Ve Teknoloji, 6(1): 45-53, (2018).
Investigation of the Effects of Aggregate Gradation Variations on the Mechanical Properties of Bituminous Hot Mixtures Used in Wearing Course
Abstract
Gradation properties of the bituminous mixture in Turkey, according to the layer to be used, are specified in the Highway Technical Specification. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of five different aggregate gradations created as lower, middle and upper limits as well as by offsetting the lower and upper limits of the Type-1 gradation envelope defined for wearing course in the specification on the mechanical properties of bituminous mixtures. With the determined five gradations, both the effect of variations in the gradation envelope and the expansion potential of the gradation envelope were investigated. For this purpose, Marshall designs were applied on the bituminous mixtures created with different aggregate gradations. According to the test results, optimum bitumen requirement of the mixture increased as the aggregate gradation got thinner. It has been determined that as the gradation gets thinner, the void filled with bitumen ratio (Vf) and the percentage of voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) increase, while the unit weight (Dp) decreases at the optimum bitumen ratio. At the same time, it was observed that the gradation envelope defined for Type-1 may have an expansion potential.
References
- [1] Namlı R., Görgülü M., “Değişik Tipteki Agrega ve Bağlayıcının Sıcak Karışım Asfaltın Mekanik Özelliklerine Etkisi”, Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, Özel Sayı 32: 1054-1065, (2021).
- [2] Morova N., Terzi S., “Kolemanit atıkların sıcak karışım asfalt betonda agrega olarak değerlendirilmesi”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 19(2): 8-15, (2015).
- [3] Bessa I.S., Branco V.T.F.C., Soares J.B., Neto J.A.N., “Aggregate Shape Properties and Their Influence on the Behavior of Hot-Mix Asphalt”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 0401421, (2014).
- [4] Tessema G.T., Ponnurangam P., “Investigation the Effect of Aggregates on Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Performance - A Case Study”, International Journal Of Engineering Research And Development, 15(1): 31-40, (2019).
- [5] Garcia V.M., Barros L., Garibay J., Abdallah I., “Effect of Aggregate Gradation on Performance of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 04020102, (2020). - [6] Wu J., Niu Z., Chen H., “Effect of aging on low-temperature crack resistance and water stability of polyester fiber asphalt mixture”, Materials Research Express, 9: 015101, (2022).
- [7] Sahebzamani H., Alavi M.Z., Farzaneh O., Moniri A., “Laboratory and field investigation of the effect of polymerized pellets on the fatigue and low-temperature performance of asphalt mixtures”, Construction and Building Materials, 323:126527, (2022).
- [8] Fakhri M., Javadi S., Sassani A., Torabi-Dizaji M., “Zinc Slag as a Partial or Total Replacement for Mineral Filler in Warm Mix Asphalt and Its Effects on Self-Healing Capacity and Performance Characteristics”, Materials, 15, 736, (2022).
- [9] Slebi-Acevedo C.J., Lastra-Gonz´alez P., Castro-Fresno D., Vega- Zamanillo A., “Experimental evaluation and recyclability potential of asphalt concrete mixtures with polyacrylonitrile fibers”, Construction and Building Materials, 317:125829, (2022).
- [10] Karayolları Genel Müdürlüğü, “Karayolu Teknik Şartnamesi”, (2013).
- [11] Arslan D., Gürü M., Çubuk M.K., “Preventing of rutting and crackings in the bituminous mixtures by monoethylene and diethylene glycol based synthetic polyboron compounds”, Construction and Building Materials, 50: 102-107, (2014).
- [12] Naveed M., Raza M.A., Mehmood R., “Performance analyses of conventional hot mix asphalt with waste additives”, Case Studies in Construction Materials, 16: e00850, (2022).
- [13] Fu L., Jiao Y., Chen X., “Reinforcement evaluation of different fibers on fracture resistance of asphalt mixture based on acoustic emission technique”, Construction and Building Materials, 314: 125606, (2022).
- [14] Ghafari S., Nejad F.M., “Crack propagation characterization of crumb rubber modified asphalt concrete using J-R curves”, Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 117: 103156, (2022).
- [15] Zarei M., Kordani A.A., Ghamarimaj Z., Khajehzadeh M., Khanjari M., Zahedi M., “Evaluation of fracture resistance of asphalt concrete involving Calcium Lignosulfonate and Polyester fiber under freeze–thaw damage”, Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 117: 103168, (2022).
- [16] Jajin M.G., Esmaeili N., Hamedi G.H., “Investigating the Effect of Curing and Thermal Equilibrium Time on Rutting Potential of Hot Mix Asphalt”, Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering, 65(3): 691-701, (2021).
- [17] Sangsefidi E., Ziari H., Sangsefidi M., “The Effect of Aggregate Gradation Limits Consideration on Performance Properties and Mixture Design Parameters of Hot Mix Asphalt”, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 20 (1): 385-392, (2016).
- [18] Banerji A.K., Das A., Mondal A., Biswas R., Obaidullah M., “Influence of Variation in the Aggregate Gradation Range on Mix Design Properties of Bituminous Concrete (BC) Mixes used as Wearing Course”, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, 3(9): 1258-1262, (2014).
- [19] Husain N.M., Karim M.R., Mahmud H.B., Koting S., “Effects of Aggregate Gradation on the Physical Properties of Semiflexible Pavement”, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2014, 529305 (2014).
- [20] Cao W., Liu S., Li Y., Xue Z., “Effect of Aggregate Gradation on Volumetric Parameters and the High Temperature Performance of Asphalt Mixtures”, Fourth Geo-China International Conference, Shandong, China, 42-50, (2016).
- [21] Liu S., Zu L., Zhang H., Liu T., Ji P., Cao W., “Effect of radation Variability on Volume Parameter and Key Performances of HMA”, Frontiers in Materials, 7, 611409, (2021).
- [22] Elliott R.P., Ford M.C., Ghanim M., Tu Y.F., “Effect of Aggregate Gradation Variation on Asphalt Concrete Mix Properties”, Transportation Research Record, 1317: 52-60, (1991). http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1991/1317/1317-006.pdf.
- [23] Maharjan R., Tamrakar G.B.S, “ Effect of Aggregate Gradation Variation on the Marshall Mix Properties of Asphalt Concrete”, Proceedings of IOE Graduate Conference, Nepal 213-219, (2017).
- [24] Afaf A.H.M., “Effect Of Aggregate Gradation And Type On Hot Asphalt Concrete Mix Properties”, Journal of Engineering Sciences Assiut University Faculty of Engineering, 42(3): 567-574, (2014).
- [25] Golalipour A., Jamshidi E., Niazi Y., Afsharikia Z., Khadem M., “Effect of Aggregate Gradation on Rutting of Asphalt Pavements”, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 53: 440-449, (2012).
- [26] Morova N., Serin S., Terzi S., Saltan M., Küçükçapraz D.O., Karahançer S.S., Erişkin E., “Utility of polyparaphenylene terephtalamide fiber in hot mix asphalt as a fiber”, Construction and Building Materials, 107: 87-94, (2016).
- [27] Arslan D., Bayırtepe H., “Bitümlü sıcak karışımlara ait akma değerinin regresyon modelleri ile tahmini”, Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım Ve Teknoloji, 6(1): 45-53, (2018).
There are 26 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 27, 2024 |
| Submission Date | June 21, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 27 Issue: 2 |
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