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OECD Ülkelerinde Yolsuzluk ve Belirleyicilerinin Hiyerarşik Kümeleme ile Analizi

Year 2023, Volume: 31 Issue: 57, 331 - 355, 26.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2023.03.16

Abstract

Yolsuzluk siyasi, iktisadi ve mali birçok göstergede bozulmalara yol açan temel bir sorundur. Söz konusu göstergelerin de yolsuzluğun düzeyi üzerinde etkili olabilmesi, yolsuzluğun uzun vadeli olarak ele alınmasını gerektirmektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın amacı yolsuzlukla birlikte sosyoekonomik faktörler kapsamında OECD ülkelerinin nasıl kümelendiklerini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada 2014-2020 yıllarına ait yolsuzluk ve yolsuzlukla ilişkili seçilmiş değişkenler kullanılarak hiyerarşik kümeleme esas alınmış ve Ward Minimum Varyans yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, OECD ülkelerinin iki ana kümeye ayrıldığı ve bazı ülkelerde benzerlikler bakımından yakınsamalar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yakınsan ülkelerin ise benzer siyasi, iktisadi ve mali tecrübelere sahip oldukları görülmüştür.

References

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Analysis of Corruption and Its Determinants by Hierarchical Clustering in OECD Countries

Year 2023, Volume: 31 Issue: 57, 331 - 355, 26.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2023.03.16

Abstract

Corruption is a pervasive challenge that negatively impacts various political, economic, and financial indicators. Addressing corruption necessitates a comprehensive and sustained effort towards corruption control to enhance the effectiveness of such indicators. This study aims to investigate the clustering of OECD countries based on socioeconomic factors and corruption. Specifically, hierarchical clustering using the Ward Minimum Variance method was conducted on selected corruption-related variables for 2014-2020. The findings reveal the division of OECD countries into two primary clusters, with similarities identified among certain countries. Convergent countries share common political, economic, and financial experiences.

References

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  • Acemoglu, D. & T. Verdier (2005), “The Choice Between Market Failures and Corruption”, in: A. Mishra (ed.), The Economics of Corruption (237-269), New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
  • Ades, A. & R. Di Tella (1999), “Rents, Competition, and Corruption”, The American Economic Review, 89(4), 982-993.
  • Akça, H. vd. (2017), “OECD Ülkelerinde Yolsuzluk: Küme Analizi”, 15. Uluslararası Türk Dünyası Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi, Gagavuzya-Moldova.
  • Akçay, S. (2000), “Yolsuzluk, Ekonomik Özgürlükler ve Demokrasi”, Muğla Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 1(1), 1-15.
  • Alm, J. et al. (2016), “Corruption and Firm Tax Evasion”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 124, 146-163.
  • An, W. & Y. Kweon (2017), “Do Higher Government Wages Induce Less Corruption? Cross-Country Panel Evidence”, Journal of Policy Modeling, 39, 809-826.
  • Anderson, C.J. & Y.V. Tverdova (2003), “Corruption, Political Allegiances, and Attitudes toward Government in Contemporary Democracies”, American Journal of Political Science, 47(1), 91-109.
  • Azariadis, C. & Y.M. Ioannides (2015), Think About Corruption in Greece, Tufts University, <https://sites.tufts.edu/yioannides/files/2015/02/Azariadis_Ioannides_Corruption_Feb_20_2015_FIGS_Appendix.pdf>, 04.05.2022.
  • Balan, M. (2011), “Competition by Denunciation: The Political Dynamics of Corruption Scandals in Argentina and Chile”, Comparative Politics, 43(4), 459-478.
  • Batory, A. (2012), “Why Do Anti-Corruption Laws Fail in Central Eastern Europe? A Target Compliance Perspective”, Regulation & Governance, 6(1), 66-82.
  • Becker, G.S. (1968), “Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach”, Journal of Political Economy, 76(2), 169-217.
  • Benk, S. & B. Karakurt (2010), “Gelir İdareleri ve Yolsuzluk: Motivasyonlar, Fırsatlar ve Mücadele Yolları”, İşletme ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(4), 133-148.
  • Berksoy, T. & N.E. Yıldırım (2017), “Yolsuzluk Kavramına Genel Bir Bakış: Problemler ve Çözüm Önerileri”, Journal of Awareness, 2(1), 1-18.
  • Besley, T. & J. McLaren (1993), “Taxes and Bribery: The Role of Wage Incentives”, The Economic Journal, 103(416), 119-141.
  • Bimonte, S. & A. Stabile (2019), “The Effect of Growth and Corruption on Soil Sealing in Italy: A Regional Environmental Kuznets Curve Analysis”, Environmental and Resource Economics, 74, 1497-1518.
  • Buscema, M. et al. (2016), “Multidimensional Similarities at a Global Scale: An Approach to Mapping Open Society Orientations”, Social Indicators Research, 128(3), 1239-1258.
  • Combes, J.-L. & T. Saadi-Sedik (2006), “How Does Trade Openness Influence Budget Deficits in Developing Countries?”, IMF Working Papers, 2006.003, A001, <https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451862638.001.A001>, 18.08.2022.
  • Corrado, G. & F. Rossetti (2018), “Public Corruption: A Study Across Regions in Italy”, Journal of Policy Modeling, 40, 1126-1139.
  • Dancikova, Z. (2012), Cost of Corruption, Transparency International Slovakia, <https://www.alianciapas.sk/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/03-Costs-of-Corruption.pdf>, 23.04.2022.
  • De Mendoça, H.F. & A.C. Baca (2018), “Relevance of Corruption on the Effect of Public Health Expenditure and Taxation on Economic Growth”, Applied Economic Letters, 25(12), 876-881.
  • Demirgüç-Kunt, A. et al. (2021), “Effects of Public Sector Wages on Corruption: Wage Inequality Matters”, World Bank Group, Policy Research Working Paper 9643.
  • Donchev, D. & G. Ujhelyi (2014), “What Do Corruption Indices Measure?”, Economics & Politics, 26(2), 309-331.
  • Dodson, M. & D.W. Jackson (2003), “Horizontal Accountability and the Rule of Law in Central America”, in: S. Mainwaring & C. Welna (eds.), Democratic Accountability in Latin America (228-265), New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Domashova, J. & A. Politova (2021), “The Corruption Perception Index: Analysis of Dependence on Socio-Economic Indicators”, Procedia Computer Science, 190, 193-203.
  • Elliott, K.A. (1997), “Corruption as an International Policy Problem: Overview and Recommendations”, in: K.A. Elliott (ed.), Corruption and The Global Economy (175-233), Washington: Institute for International Economics.
  • Erarslan, C. & M.E. Timurtaş (2015), “Avrupa Borç Krizinin Seçilmiş Ülke Örnekleri Üzerindeki Etkileri”, Gazi İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 1(2), 17-54.
  • European Commission (2022), Eurobarometer, <https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2658>, 18.08.2022.
  • Fazekas, M. et al. (2013), “Corruption Manual for Beginners: ‘Corruption Techniques’”, in: Public Procurement with Examples from Hungary, Corruption Research Center Budapest, Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2013:01, <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2333354>, 01.07.2022.
  • Fisman, R. & R. Gatti (2002), “Decentralization and Corruption: Evidence Across Countries”, Journal of Public Economics, (83), 325-345.
  • Global Tax Expenditures Database (2022), [data set], Version 1.1.3, <https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6334212>, 08.10.2022.
  • Gokcekus, O. & F. Schneider (2020), “Are Shadow Economy and Corruption in US States Substitutive or Complementary? An Empirical Investigation”, Sosyoekonomi, 28(46), 11-23.
  • Goutte, S. et al. (2022), “Corruption, Economy and Governance in Central Africa: An Analysis of Public and Regional Drivers of Corruption”, Finance Research Letters, 44, 1-5.
  • Gregory, R. (2013), “Assessing ‘Good Governance’ and Corruption in New Zealand: ‘Scientific’ Measurement, Political Discourse, and Historical Narrative”, Institute for Governance and Policy Studies, Working Paper No: 13/03, <https://www.victoria.ac.nz/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/1286280/WP13-03-Assessing-good-governance.pdf>. 14.09.2022.
  • Grein, A.F. et al. (2010), “A Dynamic Analysis of Country Cluster, the Role of Corruption, and Implications for Global Firms”, Journal of Economics and Business, XIII(2), 33-60.
  • Gülden, T. & E. Karakış (2019), “OECD Ülkelerinin Ekonomik Özgürlüklerine Göre Kümele Analizi ile Sınıflandırılması”, S.C.Ü. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 20(2), 1-24.
  • Haralampiev, K. & G. Dimitrov (2016), “Quantitative Research Approaches in Support of the New EC Framework to Safeguard the Rule of Law in EU”, Regions & Cohesion, 6(3), 20-51.
  • Hardie, I. & D. Howarth (2013), Market-Based Banking & the International Financial Crisis, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Hardouvelis, G.A. & I. Gkionis (2016), “A Decade Long Economic Crisis: Cyprus versus Greece”, Cyprus Economic Policy Review, 10(2), 3-40.
  • Haughton, T. (2014), “Money, Margins and the Motors of Politics: The EU and the Development of Party Politics in Central and Eastern Europe”, Journal of Common Market Studies, 52(1), 71-87.
  • Haque, N.U. & R. Sahay (1996), “Do Government Wage Cuts Close Budget Deficits? Costs of Corruption”, International Monetary Fund, Staff Papers, 43(4), 754-778.
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There are 91 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Economics
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Abdulkerim Eroğlu 0000-0003-2680-8844

Ahmet Özen 0000-0002-9635-5134

Early Pub Date July 23, 2023
Publication Date July 26, 2023
Submission Date December 8, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 31 Issue: 57

Cite

APA Eroğlu, A., & Özen, A. (2023). OECD Ülkelerinde Yolsuzluk ve Belirleyicilerinin Hiyerarşik Kümeleme ile Analizi. Sosyoekonomi, 31(57), 331-355. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2023.03.16
AMA Eroğlu A, Özen A. OECD Ülkelerinde Yolsuzluk ve Belirleyicilerinin Hiyerarşik Kümeleme ile Analizi. Sosyoekonomi. July 2023;31(57):331-355. doi:10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2023.03.16
Chicago Eroğlu, Abdulkerim, and Ahmet Özen. “OECD Ülkelerinde Yolsuzluk Ve Belirleyicilerinin Hiyerarşik Kümeleme Ile Analizi”. Sosyoekonomi 31, no. 57 (July 2023): 331-55. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2023.03.16.
EndNote Eroğlu A, Özen A (July 1, 2023) OECD Ülkelerinde Yolsuzluk ve Belirleyicilerinin Hiyerarşik Kümeleme ile Analizi. Sosyoekonomi 31 57 331–355.
IEEE A. Eroğlu and A. Özen, “OECD Ülkelerinde Yolsuzluk ve Belirleyicilerinin Hiyerarşik Kümeleme ile Analizi”, Sosyoekonomi, vol. 31, no. 57, pp. 331–355, 2023, doi: 10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2023.03.16.
ISNAD Eroğlu, Abdulkerim - Özen, Ahmet. “OECD Ülkelerinde Yolsuzluk Ve Belirleyicilerinin Hiyerarşik Kümeleme Ile Analizi”. Sosyoekonomi 31/57 (July 2023), 331-355. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2023.03.16.
JAMA Eroğlu A, Özen A. OECD Ülkelerinde Yolsuzluk ve Belirleyicilerinin Hiyerarşik Kümeleme ile Analizi. Sosyoekonomi. 2023;31:331–355.
MLA Eroğlu, Abdulkerim and Ahmet Özen. “OECD Ülkelerinde Yolsuzluk Ve Belirleyicilerinin Hiyerarşik Kümeleme Ile Analizi”. Sosyoekonomi, vol. 31, no. 57, 2023, pp. 331-55, doi:10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2023.03.16.
Vancouver Eroğlu A, Özen A. OECD Ülkelerinde Yolsuzluk ve Belirleyicilerinin Hiyerarşik Kümeleme ile Analizi. Sosyoekonomi. 2023;31(57):331-55.