INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE, VISUAL REACTION TIME AND AGILITY PARAMETERS ON FOOTBALL PLAYERS
Abstract
The research aims to examine the relationship between cognitive performance, visual reaction time and agility parameters on football players. Twenty- five football players with an average age of 18-20 years (18.16 ± 0.68), who have been active for at least five years and who are in the Turkish U19 Super League participated in the study from the Turkish U19 Super League participated. Body composition (BODPOD), agility (Illinois test), visual reaction time (Witty Sem Microgate) and cognitive performance (Stroop Test) of the football players were measured. SPSS v23 was used in the analysis of the data and the significance level was taken as p<0.05. The relationship between normally distributed data was examined with the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. According to the analysis of the data a significant positive correlation was found between cognitive performance and visual reaction time on football players. When the relationship between cognitive performance and agility parameter was examined, no significant relationship was found between the two concepts. There was a significant correlation and a negative correlation between visual reaction time and agility parameters. As a result, when height, body mass index and body fat ratio values increase on football players, visual reaction time increases and performance decreases. Likewise, when the body fat ratio increases, agility time increases and performance decreases.
Keywords
Project Number
SYL-2022-10202
References
- Aksoy, Y. (2012). Comparison of Sprint Reaction Time and Anaerobic Strength of Young Football, Volleyball and Wrestlers (Doctoral dissertation, Master Thesis, 36).
- Apa. (2021). Dictionary of American Physicological Association. https://dictionary.apa.org/ Accessed: 17.11.2021.
- Bitbrain. (2021). https://www.bitbrain.com/blog/peak-brain-performance Accessed: 17.11.2021.
- Boynukalın, A.R., & Dogan, N. (2020). Uniformed body and cyborg art. Ordu University Social Sciences Institute Journal of Social Sciences Research, 10(3), 881-893.
- Colakoglu, M., Tiryaki, S., & Moralı, S. (1993). Effect of concentration studies on reaction time. Hacettepe University Journal of Sport Sciences, 4, 32-47.
- Coutinho, P., Mesquita, I., & Fonseca, A. M. (2016). Talent development in sport: A critical review of pathways to expert performance. International journal of sports science & coaching, 11(2), 279-293.
- Çömük, N., & Erden, Z. (2010). The relationship of triple jump performance with agility and reaction time in figure skating. Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, 21(2), 75-80.
- Deloitte. (2015). Deloitte Annual Review of Football Finance 2015. Manchester: Deloitte LLP. Pallant, Jullie. Demir, M. (2018). The role of the media in the process of industrialization of football. International Paris Congress on Social Sciences, 1, April 2018, Paris France.
- Fields, D. A., Hunter, G. R., & Goran, M. I. (2000). Validation of the BOD POD with hydrostatic weighing: Influence of body clothingin. International journal of obesity, 24(2), 200-205.
- Gogoi, P. (2020). Application of SPSS programme in the field of social science research. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(5), 2424-2427.
- Guizani, S. M., Bouzaouach, I., Tenenbaum, G., & Kheder, A. B. (2006). Simple and choice reaction times under varying levels of physical load in high skilled fencers. Journal of Sports Medicine and physical fitness, 46(2), 344.
- Kızılet, A., Atılan, O., & Erdemir, İ. (2010). The effect of the different strength training on Quickness and jumping abilities of basketball Players between 12 and 14 age group. Atabesbd, 12(2), 44-57.
- Kirkendall, D. T. (2020). Evolution of soccer as a research topic. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 63(6), 723-729.
- Kul, Seval. (2022) Statistical Data Analysis on Spss, http://www.p005.net/pdegerinedir Access Date: 26.01.2022.
- Lennemann, L. M., Sidrow, K. M., Johnson, E. M., Harrison, C. R., Vojta, C. N., & Walker, T. B. (2013). The influence of agility training on physiological and cognitive performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(12), 3300-3309.
- Little, T., & Williams, A. G. (2005). Specificity of acceleration, maximum speed, and agility in professional soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 19(1), 76-78.
- MacLeod, C. M. (1991). Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: an integrative review. Psychological bulletin, 109(2), 163.
- Magill, R.A. (1998). Motor Learning Concepts and Applications, 5th edition. Boston, USA: McGraw-Hill, p 19.
- McKillup, S. (2011). Statistics explained: An introductory guide for life scientists. Cambridge University Press.
- Microgate Industrial. (2021). https://training.microgate.it/en/products/wittysem/reactivity-and-coordination-test. Access Date: 15.12.2021.
- Moradi, A., & Esmaeilzadeh, S. (2015). Association between reaction time, speed and agility in schoolboys. Sport Sciences for Health, 11, 251-256.
- Morehouse, L.E., & Miller, A.T. (1976). Physiology of Exercise. St. Louis, USA: C.V. Mosby Company.
- Periasamy, S., Farenia, R., & Tedjokusumo, P. (2015). Profile of Physical Fitness of Young Football Players at SDN Cibeusi. Althea Medical Journal, 2(2), 226-230. Reigal, R. E., Barrero, S., Martín, I., Morales-Sánchez, V., Juárez-Ruiz de Mier, R., & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2019). Relationships between reaction time, selective attention, physical activity, and physical fitness in children. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 2278.
- Scanlan, A., Humphries, B., Tucker, P. S., & Dalbo, V. (2014). The influence of physical and cognitive factors on reactive agility performance in men basketball players. Journal of sports sciences, 32(4), 367-374.
- Sheppard, J. M., Young, W. B., Doyle, T. L. A., Sheppard, T. A., & Newton, R. U. (2006). An evaluation of a new test of reactive agility and its relationship to sprint speed and change of direction speed. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 9(4), 342-349.
- Spiteri, T., Newton, R. U., Binetti, M., Hart, N. H., Sheppard, J. M., & Nimphius, S. (2015). Mechanical determinants of faster change of direction and agility performance in female basketball athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(8), 2205-2214.
- Svensson, M., & Drust, B. (2005). Testing soccer players. Journal of sports sciences, 23(6), 601-618.
- Turkish Football Federation. (2021). https://www.tff.org/Resources//2021-2022-Oyun-Kural-Kitabi.pdf Access Date: 03.11.2021.
- Vaeyens, R., Lenoir, M., Williams, A. M., & Philippaerts, R. M. (2008). Talent identification and development programmes in sport: current models and future directions. Sports medicine, 38, 703-714.
- Vestberg, T., Gustafson, R., Maurex, L., Ingvar, M., & Petrovic, P. (2012). Executive functions predict the success of top-soccer players. PloS one, 7(4), e34731.
INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE, VISUAL REACTION TIME AND AGILITY PARAMETERS ON FOOTBALL PLAYERS
Abstract
Araştırmanın amacı, futbolcularda bilişsel performans, görsel reaksiyon zamanı ve çeviklik ile parametreleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya 18-20 (18,16 ± 0,68) yaş ortalamasına sahip, en az beş yıldır aktif futbolcu olan, Türkiye U19 Süper liginde yer alan 25 futbolcu katılmıştır. Futbolcuların vücut kompozisyonu (BODPOD), çeviklik (Illinois testi), görsel reaksiyon zamanı (Witty Sem Microgate) ve bilişsel performansları (Stroop Testi) ölçülmüştür. Verilerin analizinde SPSS v23 kullanılmış ve anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.05 olarak alınmıştır. Normal dağılım gösteren veriler arasındaki ilişki Pearson Korelasyon Katsayısı ile incelenmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analiz sonuçlarına göre futbolcularda, bilişsel performans ile görsel reaksiyon zamanı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki ve arasında pozitif yönlü bir korelasyon saptanmıştır. (p<0.05). Bilişsel performansın çeviklik parametresi ile ilişkisi incelendiğinde iki kavram arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. (p>0.05) Görsel reaksiyon zamanı ve çeviklik parametrelerinin arasındaki anlamlı düzeyde ilişki ve ve negatif yönlü bir korelasyon saptanmıştır. (p<0.05) Ayrıca görsel reaksiyon zamanı test değeri ile boy uzunluğu, beden kitle indeksi, vücut yağ oranı arasında ve çeviklik test değeri- vücut yağ oranı arasında anlamlı düzeyde pozitif yönlü ilişki elde edilmiştir. Boy uzunluğu, beden kitle indeksi ve vücut yağ oranı değerleri arttığında görsel reaksiyon test skoru (süresi) artmakta, reaksiyon zamanı performansı düşmektedir. Paralel olarak vücut yağ oranı arttığında çeviklik test değeri artmakta ve çeviklik performansı düşmektedir.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
Atatürk Üniversitesi
Project Number
SYL-2022-10202
References
- Aksoy, Y. (2012). Comparison of Sprint Reaction Time and Anaerobic Strength of Young Football, Volleyball and Wrestlers (Doctoral dissertation, Master Thesis, 36).
- Apa. (2021). Dictionary of American Physicological Association. https://dictionary.apa.org/ Accessed: 17.11.2021.
- Bitbrain. (2021). https://www.bitbrain.com/blog/peak-brain-performance Accessed: 17.11.2021.
- Boynukalın, A.R., & Dogan, N. (2020). Uniformed body and cyborg art. Ordu University Social Sciences Institute Journal of Social Sciences Research, 10(3), 881-893.
- Colakoglu, M., Tiryaki, S., & Moralı, S. (1993). Effect of concentration studies on reaction time. Hacettepe University Journal of Sport Sciences, 4, 32-47.
- Coutinho, P., Mesquita, I., & Fonseca, A. M. (2016). Talent development in sport: A critical review of pathways to expert performance. International journal of sports science & coaching, 11(2), 279-293.
- Çömük, N., & Erden, Z. (2010). The relationship of triple jump performance with agility and reaction time in figure skating. Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, 21(2), 75-80.
- Deloitte. (2015). Deloitte Annual Review of Football Finance 2015. Manchester: Deloitte LLP. Pallant, Jullie. Demir, M. (2018). The role of the media in the process of industrialization of football. International Paris Congress on Social Sciences, 1, April 2018, Paris France.
- Fields, D. A., Hunter, G. R., & Goran, M. I. (2000). Validation of the BOD POD with hydrostatic weighing: Influence of body clothingin. International journal of obesity, 24(2), 200-205.
- Gogoi, P. (2020). Application of SPSS programme in the field of social science research. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(5), 2424-2427.
- Guizani, S. M., Bouzaouach, I., Tenenbaum, G., & Kheder, A. B. (2006). Simple and choice reaction times under varying levels of physical load in high skilled fencers. Journal of Sports Medicine and physical fitness, 46(2), 344.
- Kızılet, A., Atılan, O., & Erdemir, İ. (2010). The effect of the different strength training on Quickness and jumping abilities of basketball Players between 12 and 14 age group. Atabesbd, 12(2), 44-57.
- Kirkendall, D. T. (2020). Evolution of soccer as a research topic. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 63(6), 723-729.
- Kul, Seval. (2022) Statistical Data Analysis on Spss, http://www.p005.net/pdegerinedir Access Date: 26.01.2022.
- Lennemann, L. M., Sidrow, K. M., Johnson, E. M., Harrison, C. R., Vojta, C. N., & Walker, T. B. (2013). The influence of agility training on physiological and cognitive performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(12), 3300-3309.
- Little, T., & Williams, A. G. (2005). Specificity of acceleration, maximum speed, and agility in professional soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 19(1), 76-78.
- MacLeod, C. M. (1991). Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: an integrative review. Psychological bulletin, 109(2), 163.
- Magill, R.A. (1998). Motor Learning Concepts and Applications, 5th edition. Boston, USA: McGraw-Hill, p 19.
- McKillup, S. (2011). Statistics explained: An introductory guide for life scientists. Cambridge University Press.
- Microgate Industrial. (2021). https://training.microgate.it/en/products/wittysem/reactivity-and-coordination-test. Access Date: 15.12.2021.
- Moradi, A., & Esmaeilzadeh, S. (2015). Association between reaction time, speed and agility in schoolboys. Sport Sciences for Health, 11, 251-256.
- Morehouse, L.E., & Miller, A.T. (1976). Physiology of Exercise. St. Louis, USA: C.V. Mosby Company.
- Periasamy, S., Farenia, R., & Tedjokusumo, P. (2015). Profile of Physical Fitness of Young Football Players at SDN Cibeusi. Althea Medical Journal, 2(2), 226-230. Reigal, R. E., Barrero, S., Martín, I., Morales-Sánchez, V., Juárez-Ruiz de Mier, R., & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2019). Relationships between reaction time, selective attention, physical activity, and physical fitness in children. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 2278.
- Scanlan, A., Humphries, B., Tucker, P. S., & Dalbo, V. (2014). The influence of physical and cognitive factors on reactive agility performance in men basketball players. Journal of sports sciences, 32(4), 367-374.
- Sheppard, J. M., Young, W. B., Doyle, T. L. A., Sheppard, T. A., & Newton, R. U. (2006). An evaluation of a new test of reactive agility and its relationship to sprint speed and change of direction speed. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 9(4), 342-349.
- Spiteri, T., Newton, R. U., Binetti, M., Hart, N. H., Sheppard, J. M., & Nimphius, S. (2015). Mechanical determinants of faster change of direction and agility performance in female basketball athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(8), 2205-2214.
- Svensson, M., & Drust, B. (2005). Testing soccer players. Journal of sports sciences, 23(6), 601-618.
- Turkish Football Federation. (2021). https://www.tff.org/Resources//2021-2022-Oyun-Kural-Kitabi.pdf Access Date: 03.11.2021.
- Vaeyens, R., Lenoir, M., Williams, A. M., & Philippaerts, R. M. (2008). Talent identification and development programmes in sport: current models and future directions. Sports medicine, 38, 703-714.
- Vestberg, T., Gustafson, R., Maurex, L., Ingvar, M., & Petrovic, P. (2012). Executive functions predict the success of top-soccer players. PloS one, 7(4), e34731.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Sports Training |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | SYL-2022-10202 |
| Early Pub Date | September 26, 2023 |
| Publication Date | September 30, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 21 Issue: 3 |
