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ÇOCUK ÇİZİMLERİNİN EKOLOJİK YAKLAŞIMLA İLİŞKİSİNİN SOSYAL HİZMET BAĞLAMINDA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 111 - 128, 30.06.2023

Abstract

Ekolojik yaklaşım, çocukların bireylerle, ailelerle, gruplarla ve toplumla sürekli etkileşim içinde olduğunu temel almakta ve çocukların gelişim ve uyum sürecini aile, akran grubu ve okul gibi çevresel sistemlerle kurduğu ilişki ile açıklamaktadır. Ekolojik yaklaşım çocuğu çevresi içinde birey anlayışı ile değerlendirmektedir. Çocuk refahı alanında çocuk odaklı değerlendirme yapmanın amacı, çocuğun yaşına ve gelişimine uygun şekilde ihtiyaçlarını belirlemek, risklerini ön görebilmek, koruyucu ve önleyici müdahaleler ile istenmedik sonuçların önüne geçebilmek, böylece çocuğun iyilik halini sağlayabilmektir. Ekolojik yaklaşım çerçevesinde çocuk hakkında bilgi toplamak ve değerlendirmek amacıyla sosyal hizmet disiplininde birçok yöntem kullanılmaktadır, çocuk çizimleri de işlevsel olarak kullanılan bu yöntemlerden birisidir. Çocuklar çizimlerinde çevreleriyle kurdukları etkileşim sonucu ortaya çıkan duygularını, düşüncelerini, hayallerini, korkularını, baş etmekte zorlandıkları durumları yansıtmaktadır. Bu yönüyle çocuk çizimleri psikososyal değerlendirmelere, görüşmelere katkı sağlamakta ve terapötik sürece hizmet etmektedir. Bu çalışmada amaç; çocuk çizimlerinin ekolojik yaklaşımla olan ilişkisinin kuramsal çerçevesini sunmak yoluyla çocuğu anlama ve değerlendirmede bir araç olarak çocuk çizimlerinin önemine dikkat çekmektir.

References

  • Amod, Z., Gericke, R., Bain, K. (2013). Projective assessment using the Draw-A-Person Test and Kinetic Family Drawing in South Africa, (içinde) Psychological Assessment in South Africa: Research and applications. (Ed): Laher S.ve Cockcroft K. ss. 375-393, Wits University Press.
  • Bahçıvan Saydam, R. (2004). Çocuk çizimlerinin klinik değerlendirmedeki yeri, Yansıtma Psikopatoloji ve Projektif Testler Dergisi, Sayı 1-2 Eylül-Ekim
  • Barlow, K., Strother, J., & Landreth, G. (1985). Child-centered play therapy: Nancy from baldness to curls. School Counselor, 32(5), 347–356.
  • Boyd Webb, N. (2017). Çocuklarla sosyal hizmet uygulaması, Birinci Baskı, Nika Yay.
  • Brittain, W.L. and Lowenfeld, V. (1982). Creative and mental growth. Macmillan Reference.
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1994). Ecological models of human development. Readings on the Development of Children,2, 37-43.
  • Cox, S. (2005). intention and meaning in young children's drawing. International Journal of Art & Design Education, 24(2), 115-125.
  • Çocuk Haklarına Dair Sözleşme. (1989). https://www.unicef.org/turkey/%C3%A7ocuk-haklar%C4%B1na-dair-s%C3%B6zle%C5%9Fme, Erişim Tarihi: 20.03.2023
  • Di Leo, J.H. (1983). Interpreting children’s drawings. Brunner/Mazel. Inc. https://doi. org/10.1080/09751122.2016, 11890533.
  • Duyan, V. (2010). Sosyal hizmet: Temelleri, yaklaşımları, müdahale yöntemleri. Sosyal Hizmet Uzmanları Derneği.
  • Ertem I. (2017). The international guide for monitoring child development: enabling individualised interventions. Early Childhood Matters, (126).
  • Farokhi, M., Hashemi, M. (2011). The analysis of children’s drawings: social, emotional, physical, and psychological aspects, procedia, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 2219 – 2224.
  • Furth, G. (2002). The secret world of drawings: A Jungian approach to healing through art. Toronto: Inner City Books.
  • Gitterman, A., & Germain, C. B. (2008). The life model of social work practice: advances in theory and practice. Columbia University Press.
  • Hamama, L., & Ronen, T. (2009). Children's drawings as a self‐report measurement. Child & Family Social Work, 14 (1), 90-102. Doi:10.1111/j.1365-2206.2008.00585. x.
  • Hammer, E. F. (1997). Advances in projective drawing interpretation. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas Publisher.
  • IFSW, (2002). Social work and the rights of the child a professional training manual on the UN Convention, https://www.ifsw.org/wp-content/uploads/ifsw-cdn/assets/ifsw_42523-7.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 20.01.2023.
  • Ilias, M. (2017). Social history of childhood and children: a note on the cultural and historical differences in childcare, Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), Volume 22, Issue 7, pp. 54-59.
  • Kayacan Keser, İ., Eren, N. (2015). The pictures which children drew are their mirrors, Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 6, 137-142.
  • Koppitz, E. (1968). Psychological evaluation of children’s human figure drawings. New York: Grune & Stratton.
  • Kramer, E. (2001). Art as therapy: Collected papers. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
  • Lowenfeld, V. (1947). Lowenfeld’s Stages of Artistic Development, https://www.d.umn.edu/artedu/Lowenf.html. Erişim tarihi: 20.03.2023.
  • Machover, K. (1949). Personality projections in the drawing of the human figure. Springfield, IL: Thomas.
  • Machover, K. (1980). Personality projection in the drawing of the human figure a method of personality investigation, Springfield: Charles C Thomas.
  • Malchiodi, C. A. (1998). Understanding children's drawings. Guilford Press. Ring, K. (2001). Young children drawing: the significance of the context, presented paper British educational research association annual conference, University of Leeds, 13-15 September.
  • Oster, G. D., & Gould, P. (1987). Using drawings in assessment and therapy: a guide for mental health professionals. New York: Brunner/Mazel. Group Therapy, 273, 33-49.
  • Quaglia, R., Longobardi, C., O Lotti, N., Prino L. E. (2015). A new theory on children’s drawings: analyzing the role of emotion and movement in graphical development, Infant Behavior and Development, Volume.39, ss.81-91, DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2015.02.009.
  • Yavuzer, H. (2021). Resimleriyle Çocuk, Remzi Kitabevi: İstanbul.

Evaluation of The Relationship of Children's Drawings and Ecological Approach in The Context of Social Work

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 111 - 128, 30.06.2023

Abstract

The ecological approach is based on the fact that children are in constant interaction with individuals, families, groups and society, and explains the development and adaptation process of children with their relationship with environmental systems such as family, peer group and school. The ecological approach evaluates the child with the understanding of the individual in his/her environment. The purpose of child-centered assessment in the field of child welfare is to determine the needs of the child in accordance with his age and development, to foresee the risks, to prevent undesired results with protective and preventive interventions, thus to ensure the well-being of the child. Many methods are used in the social work discipline in order to collect and evaluate information about the child within the framework of the ecological approach, and children's drawings are one of these functionally used methods. In their drawings, children reflect their feelings, thoughts, dreams, fears and situations that they have difficulty in coping with as a result of their interaction with their environment. In this respect, children's drawings contribute to psychosocial evaluations, interviews and serve the therapeutic process. The aim of this study is to draw attention to the importance of children's drawings as a tool in understanding and evaluating the child by presenting the theoretical framework of the relationship between children's drawings and ecological approach.

References

  • Amod, Z., Gericke, R., Bain, K. (2013). Projective assessment using the Draw-A-Person Test and Kinetic Family Drawing in South Africa, (içinde) Psychological Assessment in South Africa: Research and applications. (Ed): Laher S.ve Cockcroft K. ss. 375-393, Wits University Press.
  • Bahçıvan Saydam, R. (2004). Çocuk çizimlerinin klinik değerlendirmedeki yeri, Yansıtma Psikopatoloji ve Projektif Testler Dergisi, Sayı 1-2 Eylül-Ekim
  • Barlow, K., Strother, J., & Landreth, G. (1985). Child-centered play therapy: Nancy from baldness to curls. School Counselor, 32(5), 347–356.
  • Boyd Webb, N. (2017). Çocuklarla sosyal hizmet uygulaması, Birinci Baskı, Nika Yay.
  • Brittain, W.L. and Lowenfeld, V. (1982). Creative and mental growth. Macmillan Reference.
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1994). Ecological models of human development. Readings on the Development of Children,2, 37-43.
  • Cox, S. (2005). intention and meaning in young children's drawing. International Journal of Art & Design Education, 24(2), 115-125.
  • Çocuk Haklarına Dair Sözleşme. (1989). https://www.unicef.org/turkey/%C3%A7ocuk-haklar%C4%B1na-dair-s%C3%B6zle%C5%9Fme, Erişim Tarihi: 20.03.2023
  • Di Leo, J.H. (1983). Interpreting children’s drawings. Brunner/Mazel. Inc. https://doi. org/10.1080/09751122.2016, 11890533.
  • Duyan, V. (2010). Sosyal hizmet: Temelleri, yaklaşımları, müdahale yöntemleri. Sosyal Hizmet Uzmanları Derneği.
  • Ertem I. (2017). The international guide for monitoring child development: enabling individualised interventions. Early Childhood Matters, (126).
  • Farokhi, M., Hashemi, M. (2011). The analysis of children’s drawings: social, emotional, physical, and psychological aspects, procedia, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 2219 – 2224.
  • Furth, G. (2002). The secret world of drawings: A Jungian approach to healing through art. Toronto: Inner City Books.
  • Gitterman, A., & Germain, C. B. (2008). The life model of social work practice: advances in theory and practice. Columbia University Press.
  • Hamama, L., & Ronen, T. (2009). Children's drawings as a self‐report measurement. Child & Family Social Work, 14 (1), 90-102. Doi:10.1111/j.1365-2206.2008.00585. x.
  • Hammer, E. F. (1997). Advances in projective drawing interpretation. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas Publisher.
  • IFSW, (2002). Social work and the rights of the child a professional training manual on the UN Convention, https://www.ifsw.org/wp-content/uploads/ifsw-cdn/assets/ifsw_42523-7.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 20.01.2023.
  • Ilias, M. (2017). Social history of childhood and children: a note on the cultural and historical differences in childcare, Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), Volume 22, Issue 7, pp. 54-59.
  • Kayacan Keser, İ., Eren, N. (2015). The pictures which children drew are their mirrors, Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 6, 137-142.
  • Koppitz, E. (1968). Psychological evaluation of children’s human figure drawings. New York: Grune & Stratton.
  • Kramer, E. (2001). Art as therapy: Collected papers. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
  • Lowenfeld, V. (1947). Lowenfeld’s Stages of Artistic Development, https://www.d.umn.edu/artedu/Lowenf.html. Erişim tarihi: 20.03.2023.
  • Machover, K. (1949). Personality projections in the drawing of the human figure. Springfield, IL: Thomas.
  • Machover, K. (1980). Personality projection in the drawing of the human figure a method of personality investigation, Springfield: Charles C Thomas.
  • Malchiodi, C. A. (1998). Understanding children's drawings. Guilford Press. Ring, K. (2001). Young children drawing: the significance of the context, presented paper British educational research association annual conference, University of Leeds, 13-15 September.
  • Oster, G. D., & Gould, P. (1987). Using drawings in assessment and therapy: a guide for mental health professionals. New York: Brunner/Mazel. Group Therapy, 273, 33-49.
  • Quaglia, R., Longobardi, C., O Lotti, N., Prino L. E. (2015). A new theory on children’s drawings: analyzing the role of emotion and movement in graphical development, Infant Behavior and Development, Volume.39, ss.81-91, DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2015.02.009.
  • Yavuzer, H. (2021). Resimleriyle Çocuk, Remzi Kitabevi: İstanbul.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Social Work (Other)
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Osman Akay 0000-0002-2723-0901

Derya Bayrı Mengilli 0000-0002-4991-0510

Fatih Cebeci 0000-0003-3866-5967

Gulcan Urhan 0000-0002-2259-137X

Publication Date June 30, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Akay, O., Bayrı Mengilli, D., Cebeci, F., Urhan, G. (2023). ÇOCUK ÇİZİMLERİNİN EKOLOJİK YAKLAŞIMLA İLİŞKİSİNİN SOSYAL HİZMET BAĞLAMINDA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. Sosyal Politika Ve Sosyal Hizmet Çalışmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 111-128.