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Çemka Höyük Geç Epipaleolitik/Proto Neolitik Dönem Yontma Taş Alet Tekno-Tipolojisi

Year 2022, Issue: 2, 97 - 130, 31.12.2022

Ergül Kodaş

https://doi.org/10.54930/TARE.2022.3972

Abstract

Proto Neolitik Dönem olarak isimlendirilen ve MÖ on birinci ve onuncu bin başlarına tarihlenen, Geç Epipaleolitik Dönem, Bereketli Hilal’in doğusunda bulunan ve Younger Dryas boyunca yerleşik yaşama geçmeye başlayan toplulukları ifade etmek için kullanılmaktadır. Yirminci yüzyılın ilk yarısından itibaren kuzeybatı Zagros Bölgesi’nde bulunan yerleşim yerleri üzerinden tanımlanmaya başlanan bu dönem uzun süre boyunca tartışma dışı kalmış olmakla birlikte özellikle 2000’li yıllardan itibaren Yukarı Dicle Vadisi’nde bulunan yerleşim yerlerinde tespit edilen Younger Dryas tabakalarının tanımlanması için yeniden kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Söz konusu dönem, mimari açıdan az sayıda veri ile temsil edilmekte ve Zagros gelenekli olduğu düşünülen yontma taş alet endüstrisi ile temsil edilmektedir. Ayrıca bilhassa yontma taş alet endüstrisi üzerinden yapılan bu dönemin tanımlanmasının artık sadece kuzeybatı Zagros Bölgesi için kullanılmadığı ve Yukarı Dicle Vadisi ve Doğu Cezire Bölgesi için de kullanılmaya başladığı görülmektedir
(Doğu Bereketli Hilal). 2019 yılında yürütülen kazılar sonrasında Çemka Höyük yerleşim yerinde de tespit edilen Younger Dryas tabakaları Yukarı Dicle Vadisi’nde MÖ on birinci-onuncu binde yontma taş alet endüstrisi üzerine yeni bilgiler vermekte ve hem yerel hem de bölgeler arası ilişkilerin yeniden tartışılmasına ve tanımlanmasına katkı sağlamaktadır.

Keywords

Çemka Höyük Proto Neolitik Dönem Zagros Yukarı Dicle Vadisi Yontmataş alet endüstrisi.

References

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Techno-Typological Analysis of the Late Epipaleolithic/ Proto-Neolithic Chipped Stone Tools at Çemka Höyük

Year 2022, Issue: 2, 97 - 130, 31.12.2022

Ergül Kodaş

https://doi.org/10.54930/TARE.2022.3972

Abstract

The Late Epipaleolithic period, also referred to as the Proto-Neolithic and dated back to the eleventh millennium BCE and early tenth millennium BCE, is closely linked with the communities located east of the Fertile Crescent that began to be settled during the Younger Dryas. This period, which started in the first half of the twentieth century and is defined by settlements in the northwestern Zagros region, has long been under the radar, but has been catching on again, especially since the 2000s, for the identification of a Younger Dryas layer found in settlements in the Upper Tigris Valley. The period in question has few architectural data for support and is represented by the chipped stone tool industry, which is thought to be observed in Zagros. It also appears that this period, which was primarily defined through its chipped stone tool industry, is no longer limited to the northwestern Zagros region, but also now includes the Upper Tigris Valley and the Eastern Jazeera (Eastern Fertile Crescent) region. The Younger Dryas layers, also found in the Çemka Höyük settlement during the 2019 excavations, shed new light on the chipped stone tool industry in the Upper Tigris Valley between the eleventh and tenth millennium BCE. The
layers also contribute to redeliberating and redefining local and interregional relations.

Keywords

Proto-Neolithic Upper Tigris Valley Chipped Stone Tool Industry Çemka Höyük Zagros

References

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  • Goring-Morris, Adrian Nigel, and Anna Belfer-Cohen. “The Neolithic in The Southern Levant Yet Another ‘Unique’ Phenomenon.” In La transition Néolithique en Méditerranée: actes du colloque “Transitions en Méditerranée, ou comment des chasseurs devinrent agriculteurs,” Muséum de Toulouse, 14–15 avril 2011, edited by Claire Manen, Thomas Perrin, and Jean Guilaine, 59–73. Archives d’écologie préhistorique. Arles: Éditions Errance, 2014.
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  • ––––––. “Körtik Tepe Yontmataş Endüstrisi.” Araştırma Sonuçları Toplantısı 29, no. 1 (2012): 475–90.
  • ––––––. Yontmataş Uçlar. Ankara: Bilgin Kültür Sanat, 2019.
  • Kartal, Metin, Gizem Kartal, Aytaç Coşkun, Tristan Carter, Feridun Suha Şahin, and Vecihi Özkaya. “Chipped Stone Assemblages of Körtik Tepe (Turkey).” Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 19 (2018): 92–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2018.02.017.
  • Karul, Necmi. “Gusir Höyük.” In The Neolithic in Turkey: New Excavations and New Research. The Tigris Basin, edited by Mehmet Özdoğan, Nezih Başgelen, and Peter Kuniholm, 1–17. Istanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları, 2011.
  • ––––––. “The Beginning of the Neolithic in southeast Anatolia: Upper Tigris Basin.” Documenta Praehistorica 47 (2020): 76–95. https://doi.org/10.4312/dp.47.5.
  • Kodaş, Ergül. “Un Nouveau Site du Néolithique Précéramique dans la Vallée du Haut Tigre: Résultats Préliminaires de Boncuklu Tarla.” Neo-Lithics 19 (2019): 3–15.
  • Kodaş, Ergül, Bülent Genç, Yunus Çiftçi, Charlotte Labedan-Kodaş, and Çağdaş Erdem. “Çemka Höyük: A Late Epi-paleolithic and Pre-Pottery Neolithic Site on the Upper Tigris, Southeast Anatolia.” Neo-Lithics 20 (2020): 40–46.
  • Kodaş, Ergül, Hale Tümer, Yunus Çiftçi, Ayda Abakay, Şemsihan Kaya, Senem Işık, Onur Dinç, Bahattin İpek, and Bülent Genç. “Yontmataş Bulgular Işığında Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Yeni Bir Çanak-Çömleksiz Neolitik Dönem Yerleşim Yeri: Tarin Mağarası.” Anadolu 47 (2021): 77–89. https://doi.org/10.36891/anatolia.934227.
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There are 51 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Archaeology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ergül Kodaş 0000-0001-8340-5828

Early Pub Date December 30, 2022
Publication Date December 31, 2022
Submission Date April 6, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: 2

Cite

Chicago Kodaş, Ergül. “Çemka Höyük Geç Epipaleolitik/Proto Neolitik Dönem Yontma Taş Alet Tekno-Tipolojisi”. TARE: Türk Arkeoloji Ve Kültürel Miras Enstitüsü Dergisi, no. 2 (December 2022): 97-130. https://doi.org/10.54930/TARE.2022.3972.
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