Research Article
Comparison of the effectiveness of Graston technique and static stretching on Latissimus Dorsi muscle flexibility
Abstract
Aim: In the study, it was aimed to compare Static stretching application and Graston technique which is known as a kind of Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization Method on effectiveness.
Material and Method: 5 women and 13 men studying from Duzce University Sport Science Faculty were recruited as volunteers (age=21.5±2.9year). The study was conducted as pre-test post-test design and Graston technique and Static stretching applications were carried out a week apart. As a target muscle, Latissimus Dorsi was used and all flexibility scores were collected as pre-application and post-application and these scores were evaluated with Wilcoxon signed-rank test using IBM SPSS computer program (p<0.05).
Results: Both applications result in a significant increase in Latissimus Dorsi muscle flexibility. In comparison with each other, there is no significant difference in the term of effectiveness.
Conclusion: Versus static stretching application carrying a risk of muscle degeneration and local fatigue Graston Technique would be more advantageous application having beneficial on muscular flexibility and muscular performance.
Keywords
References
- Carey-Loghmani, M. T., Schrader, J. W., & Hammer, W. I. (2010). Graston technique: M1 instruction manual (3rd ed.). Indianapolis.
- Carey, T., Hammer, W.I. & Vincent, R. (2001). The Graston Technique Instructional Manual. Indianapolis.
- Clifford, P.S. & Hellsten, Y. (2004). Vasodilatory mechanisms in contracting skeletal muscle. Journal of Applied Physiology, 97(1), 393-403.
- Cornwell, A., Nelson, A. & Sidaway, B. (2002). Acute effects of stretching on the neuromechanical properties of the triceps surae muscle complex. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 86(5), 428-434.
- Coviello, J.P., Kakar, R.S. & Reynolds, T.J. (2017). Short-term effects of instrument-assisted soft syndrome. The International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 12(1), 144-154.
- Davidson, C.J., Ganion, L.R., Gehlsen, G.M., Verhoestra, B., Roepke, J.E. & Sevier, T.L. (1997). Rat tendon morphologic and functional changes resulting from soft tissue mobilization. Medical and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29(3), 313-319.
- Gehlsen, G.M., Ganion, L.R. & Helfst, R.H. (1999). Fibroblast responses to variation in soft tissue mobilization pressure. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31(4), 531-535.
- Hammer, W.I. (2008). The effect of mechanical load on degenerated soft tissue. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 12(3), 246-256.
- Hausswirth, C. & Mujika, I. (2012). Recovery for Performance in Sport. United States: Human Kinetics
- Heisey, C.F. & Kingsley, J.D. (2016). Effects of static stretching on squat performance in division I female athletes. International Journal of Exercise Science, 9(3), 359-367.
- Howitt, S., Wong, J. & Zabukovec, S. (2006). The conservative treatment of trigger thumb using Graston Techniques and Active Release Techniques. The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 50(4), 249-254.
- Khan, K.M. & Scott, A. (2009). Mechanotherapy: how therapists’ prescription of exercises promotes tissue repaid. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(4), 247-251.
- Kim, J., Sung, D.J. & Lee, J. (2017). Therapeutic effectiveness of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization for soft tissue injury: mechanisms and practical application. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 13(1), 12-22.
- Liptan, G.L. (2010). Fascia: a missing link in our understanding of the pathology of fibromyalgia. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 14(1), 3-12.
- Loghmani, M.T. & Warden, S.J. (2009). Instrument-assisted cross-fiber massage accelerates knee ligament healing. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 39(7), 506-514.
- Ikeda, N., Otsuka, S., Kawanishi, Y. & Kawakami, Y. (2019). Effects of Instrument-assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization on Musculoskeletal Properties. Medicine And Science in Sports And Exercise, 51(10), 2166-2172.
- Iles, J.F. & R.C. Roberts. (1987). Inhibition of monosynaptic reflexes in the human lower limb. The Journal of Physiology,385(Apr), 69-87.
- Markice, G. (2015). Acute effects of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization vs. foam rolling on knee and hip range of motion in soccer players. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 19(4), 690-696.
- Markovic, G. (2015). Acute effects of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization vs. foam rolling on knee and hip range of motion in soccer players. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 19(4), 690-696.
- Mellin, G. (1986). Accuracy of measuring lateral flexion of the spine with a tape. Clinical Biomechanics, 1(2), 85-89.
- Nielsen, A., Kligler, B. & Koll, BS. (2012). Safety protocols for gua sha (press-stroking) and baguan (cupping). Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 20(5), 340-344.
- Portillo-Soto, A. Eberman, L.E., Demchak, T.J. & Peeble,s C. (2014). Comparison of blood flow changes with soft tissue mobilization and massage therapy. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 20(12), 932-936.
- Portillo-Soto, A., Eberman, L.E., Demchak, T.J. & Peebles, C. (2014). Comparison of blood flow changes with soft tissue mobilization and massage therapy. Journal of Alternative Complementary Medicine, 20(12), 932-936.
- Purslow, P. (2002). The structure and functional significance of variations in the connective tissue within muscle. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 133 (4), 947-966.
- Rowlett, C.A., Hanney, W.J., Pabian, P.S., McArthur, J.H., Rothschild, C.E. & Kolber MJ. (2019). Efficacy of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization in comparison to gastrocnemius-soleus stretching for dorsiflexion range of motion: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 23(2),233-240.
- Schaefer, J.L. & Sandrey, M.A. (2012). Effects of a 4-week dynamic-balance-training program supplemented with Graston instrument-assisted soft-tissue mobilization for chronic ankle instability. Journal of Sports Rehabilitation, 21(4), 313–326.
- Shrier, I. (2000). Stretching before exercise: an evidence-based approach. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 34 (5), 324-325.
- Stow, R. (2011). Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization. International Journal of Athletic Therapy and Training, 16(3), 5-8.
- Walker, B. (2011) The Ultimate Guide to Stretching and Flexibility. Long Island, NY: The Stretching Institute. 3rd Edition
- Williams, T.J. & Peck, M.J. (1977). Role of prostaglandin-mediated vasodilatation in inflammation. Nature, 270(5637), 530-532.
- Young, W. & Elliott, S. (2001). Acute effects of static stretching, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching, and maximal voluntary contractions on explosive force production and jumping performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. 72(3), 273-279.
Graston tekniği ile statik germe uygulamasının Latissimus Dorsi kası esnekliği üzerine etkinliğinin karşılaştırılması
Abstract
Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı kas esnekliğini arttırmaya yönelik Aletli Yumuşak Doku Mobilizasyonu yöntemi olan Graston Tekniği ile Statik Germe Egzersizleri uygulamasını etkinlik yönünden karşılaştırmaktır.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Düzce Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesinde öğrenim görmekte olan öğrencilerden 5 kadın 13 erkek öğrenci gönüllü olarak katılmıştır (Yaş=21,5± 2,9yıl). Graston Tekniği ve Statik Germe Egzersizleri birer hafta arayla katılımcılara uygulanmıştır. Esnekliği değerlendirilecek olan Latissimus Dorsi kası için egzersizler öncesi ve sonrası esneklik skorları alınmıştır. Tanımlayıcı veriler ve ön test son test farkları için IBM SPSS sürüm 22 bilgisayar programında Wilcoxon Sıralı İşaretler testi kullanılmıştır. Anlamlılık seviyesi p<0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Her iki uygulama sonucu Latissiumus Dorsi kasının esnekliğinde artış sağlanmıştır. Uygulamanın etkinliği birbiri ile karşılaştırıldığında aralarında anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır.
Sonuç: Statik germe uygulaması kas üzerinde tonus azalması oluşturarak esnekliği arttırsa da aynı zamanda kas dejenerasyonu ve lokal yorgunluk oluşum riski taşıdığı için Graston Tekniğinin uygulanmasının sporcu açısından kassal esneklik ve de kassal performans açısından daha avantajlı bir yaklaşım olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Keywords
References
- Carey-Loghmani, M. T., Schrader, J. W., & Hammer, W. I. (2010). Graston technique: M1 instruction manual (3rd ed.). Indianapolis.
- Carey, T., Hammer, W.I. & Vincent, R. (2001). The Graston Technique Instructional Manual. Indianapolis.
- Clifford, P.S. & Hellsten, Y. (2004). Vasodilatory mechanisms in contracting skeletal muscle. Journal of Applied Physiology, 97(1), 393-403.
- Cornwell, A., Nelson, A. & Sidaway, B. (2002). Acute effects of stretching on the neuromechanical properties of the triceps surae muscle complex. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 86(5), 428-434.
- Coviello, J.P., Kakar, R.S. & Reynolds, T.J. (2017). Short-term effects of instrument-assisted soft syndrome. The International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 12(1), 144-154.
- Davidson, C.J., Ganion, L.R., Gehlsen, G.M., Verhoestra, B., Roepke, J.E. & Sevier, T.L. (1997). Rat tendon morphologic and functional changes resulting from soft tissue mobilization. Medical and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29(3), 313-319.
- Gehlsen, G.M., Ganion, L.R. & Helfst, R.H. (1999). Fibroblast responses to variation in soft tissue mobilization pressure. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 31(4), 531-535.
- Hammer, W.I. (2008). The effect of mechanical load on degenerated soft tissue. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 12(3), 246-256.
- Hausswirth, C. & Mujika, I. (2012). Recovery for Performance in Sport. United States: Human Kinetics
- Heisey, C.F. & Kingsley, J.D. (2016). Effects of static stretching on squat performance in division I female athletes. International Journal of Exercise Science, 9(3), 359-367.
- Howitt, S., Wong, J. & Zabukovec, S. (2006). The conservative treatment of trigger thumb using Graston Techniques and Active Release Techniques. The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 50(4), 249-254.
- Khan, K.M. & Scott, A. (2009). Mechanotherapy: how therapists’ prescription of exercises promotes tissue repaid. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(4), 247-251.
- Kim, J., Sung, D.J. & Lee, J. (2017). Therapeutic effectiveness of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization for soft tissue injury: mechanisms and practical application. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 13(1), 12-22.
- Liptan, G.L. (2010). Fascia: a missing link in our understanding of the pathology of fibromyalgia. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 14(1), 3-12.
- Loghmani, M.T. & Warden, S.J. (2009). Instrument-assisted cross-fiber massage accelerates knee ligament healing. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 39(7), 506-514.
- Ikeda, N., Otsuka, S., Kawanishi, Y. & Kawakami, Y. (2019). Effects of Instrument-assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization on Musculoskeletal Properties. Medicine And Science in Sports And Exercise, 51(10), 2166-2172.
- Iles, J.F. & R.C. Roberts. (1987). Inhibition of monosynaptic reflexes in the human lower limb. The Journal of Physiology,385(Apr), 69-87.
- Markice, G. (2015). Acute effects of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization vs. foam rolling on knee and hip range of motion in soccer players. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 19(4), 690-696.
- Markovic, G. (2015). Acute effects of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization vs. foam rolling on knee and hip range of motion in soccer players. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 19(4), 690-696.
- Mellin, G. (1986). Accuracy of measuring lateral flexion of the spine with a tape. Clinical Biomechanics, 1(2), 85-89.
- Nielsen, A., Kligler, B. & Koll, BS. (2012). Safety protocols for gua sha (press-stroking) and baguan (cupping). Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 20(5), 340-344.
- Portillo-Soto, A. Eberman, L.E., Demchak, T.J. & Peeble,s C. (2014). Comparison of blood flow changes with soft tissue mobilization and massage therapy. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 20(12), 932-936.
- Portillo-Soto, A., Eberman, L.E., Demchak, T.J. & Peebles, C. (2014). Comparison of blood flow changes with soft tissue mobilization and massage therapy. Journal of Alternative Complementary Medicine, 20(12), 932-936.
- Purslow, P. (2002). The structure and functional significance of variations in the connective tissue within muscle. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 133 (4), 947-966.
- Rowlett, C.A., Hanney, W.J., Pabian, P.S., McArthur, J.H., Rothschild, C.E. & Kolber MJ. (2019). Efficacy of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization in comparison to gastrocnemius-soleus stretching for dorsiflexion range of motion: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 23(2),233-240.
- Schaefer, J.L. & Sandrey, M.A. (2012). Effects of a 4-week dynamic-balance-training program supplemented with Graston instrument-assisted soft-tissue mobilization for chronic ankle instability. Journal of Sports Rehabilitation, 21(4), 313–326.
- Shrier, I. (2000). Stretching before exercise: an evidence-based approach. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 34 (5), 324-325.
- Stow, R. (2011). Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization. International Journal of Athletic Therapy and Training, 16(3), 5-8.
- Walker, B. (2011) The Ultimate Guide to Stretching and Flexibility. Long Island, NY: The Stretching Institute. 3rd Edition
- Williams, T.J. & Peck, M.J. (1977). Role of prostaglandin-mediated vasodilatation in inflammation. Nature, 270(5637), 530-532.
- Young, W. & Elliott, S. (2001). Acute effects of static stretching, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching, and maximal voluntary contractions on explosive force production and jumping performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. 72(3), 273-279.
There are 31 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Sports Medicine |
| Journal Section | MOVEMENT and TRAINING SCIENCES |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 15, 2019 |
| Submission Date | September 21, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 5 Issue: 4 |