İnovasyon Endeksi, İnovasyon Verimliliği ve Sürdürülebilirlik Endeksi Arasındaki Etkileşimin İncelenmesi: G7 ve E7 Ülkelerinin Gruplar Arası Analizi
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, G7 ve E7 ülkelerinin inovasyon, sürdürülebilirlik ve inovasyon verimliliklerini incelemek ve aralarındaki ilişkiyi ele almaktır. Araştırma hem gelişmiş hem de gelişmekte olan ekonomilerde inovasyon verimliliğinin sürdürülebilirlik endeksi üzerindeki potansiyel etkisini keşfetmeye ve bu ilişkiyi etkileyen potansiyel faktörlerin incelenmesine odaklanmaktadır.
Yöntem: Araştırma, inovasyon etkinliğini değerlendirmek için Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) kullanmaktadır. Bu analizde beş girdiye karşı iki yenilik çıktısını dikkate almaktadır. İnovasyon verimliliği ile sürdürülebilirlik arasındaki etkileşimi araştırmak için t-testi ve korelasyon analizi gibi istatistiksel yöntemler de kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Bu çalışmanın bulguları ilginç sonuçlar ortaya koymaktadır. İlk olarak, G7 ve E7 grupları arasında inovasyon verimliliği açısından anlamlı bir fark gözlenmemiştir. G7 ülkelerinde, sürdürülebilirlik endeksi ile inovasyon verimliliği arasında pozitif bir ilişki vardır, bu da daha verimli inovasyonun sürdürülebilirlik ile ilişkili olduğunu ortaya koyar. Bunun aksine, E7 ülkelerinde ise bu endeksler arasında negatif bir korelasyon vardır, bu da etkin bir inovasyon sürecinin sürdürülebilirlik endeksini düşürebileceğini göstermektedir.
Özgünlük: Bu çalışma, G7 ve E7 ülkelerini dikkate alarak inovasyon ve sürdürülebilirlik arasındaki ilişkiye yeni bakış açıları katmaktadır. Literatürde çok farklı ülkeler değerlendirilmesi karşın bu iki ekonomik grup için karşılaştırma yapılmamıştır. Ayrıca gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ekonomilerde iki endeks arasındaki zıt korelasyonların tespit edilmesi literatüre önemli bir katkı oluşturmaktadır.
Keywords
İnovasyon Verimliliği Sürdürülebilirlik İndeksi Veri Zarflama Yöntemi Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ekonomiler Korelasyon Analizi
References
- Akyol, H. (2020). “Teknolojik İnovasyon Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Üzerinde Teşvik Edici Bir Faktör Müdür?”, Aydın İktisat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 14-24.
- Aldieri, L., Gatto, A. and Vinci, C.P. (2022). “Is There Any Room for Renewable Energy Innovation in Developing and Transition Economies? Data Envelopment Analysis of Energy Behaviour and Resilience Data”, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 186, 106587.
- Alnafrah, I. (2021). “Efficiency Evaluation of BRICS’s National Innovation Systems Based on Bias-Corrected Network Data Envelopment Analysis”, Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1), 26.
- Altıntaş, F.F. (2020). “İnovasyon Etkililiğinin, Etkinliğinin ve Verimliliğinin Tespitine Yönelik Ampirik Bir Araştırma: G7 Grubu Ülkeleri Örneği”, Turkish Studies-Economy, 15(4), 1861-1877.
- Andrijauskiene, M., Ioannidis, D., Dumciuviene, D., Dimara, A., Bezas, N., Papaioannou, A. and Krinidis, S. (2023). “European Union Innovation Efficiency Assessment Based on Data Envelopment Analysis”, Economies, 11(6), 163.
- Belgin, O. (2019). “Analysing R&D Efficiency of Turkish Regions Using Data Envelopment Analysis”, Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 31(11), 1341-1352.
- Charnes, A., Cooper, W.W. and Rhodes, E. (1978). “Measuring the Efficiency of Decision-Making Units”, European Journal of Operational Research, 2(6), 429-444.
- Çalık, E. (2021). “Türkiye’deki İmalat İşletmelerinin Sürdürülebilir İnovasyon Faaliyetleri”, Verimlilik Dergisi, 3, 185-201.
- Erdin, C. and Çağlar, M. (2023). “National Innovation Efficiency: A DEA-Based Measurement of OECD Countries”, International Journal of Innovation Science, 15(3), 427-456.
- Jiang, T., Ji, P., Shi, Y., Ye, Z. and Jin, Q. (2021). “Efficiency Assessment of Green Technology Innovation of Renewable Energy Enterprises in China: A Dynamic Data Envelopment Analysis Considering Undesirable Output”, Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 23, 1509-1519.
- Jiang, Y., Hossain, M.R., Khan, Z., Chen, J. and Badeeb, R.A. (2023). “Revisiting Research and Development Expenditures and Trade Adjusted Emissions: Green Innovation and Renewable Energy R&D Role for Developed Countries”, Journal of the Knowledge Economy, DOI: 10.1007/s13132-023-01220-0.
- Kumar, S. and Managi, S. (2010). “Environment and Productivities in Developed and Developing Countries: The Case of Carbon Dioxide and Sulfur Dioxide”, Journal of Environmental Management, 91(7), 1580-1592.
- Long, X., Sun, C., Wu, C., Chen, B. and Boateng, K.A. (2020). “Green Innovation Efficiency Across China’s 30 Provinces: Estimate, Comparison, and Convergence”, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 25, 1243-1260.
- Luo, Q., Miao, C., Sun, L., Meng, X. and Duan, M. (2019). “Efficiency Evaluation of Green Technology Innovation of China's Strategic Emerging Industries: An Empirical Analysis Based on Malmquist-Data Envelopment Analysis Index”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 238, 117782.
- Murat, D. (2020). “The Measurement of Innovation Performance in OECD Countries”, Journal of Management & Economics Research, 18(4), 209-226.
- Narayanan, E., Ismail, W.R. and Mustafa, Z. (2022). “A Data-Envelopment Analysis-Based Systematic Review of the Literature on Innovation Performance”, Heliyon, e11925.
- Omri, A. (2020). “Technological Innovation and Sustainable Development: Does the Stage of Development Matter?”, Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 83, 106398.
- Pham, P.T. and Quddus, A. (2021). “The Impact of Innovation Activities on Firm Efficiency: Data Envelopment Analysis”, Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(3), 895-904.
- Sachs, J.D., Lafortune, G., Fuller, G. and Drumm, E. (2023). “Implementing the SDG Stimulus”, Sustainable Development Report 2023, Dublin University Press Dublin, Ireland, DOI: 10.25546/102924
- Seclen-Luna, J.P., Moya-Fernández, P. and Pereira, Á. (2021). “Exploring the Effects of Innovation Strategies and Size on Manufacturing Firms’ Productivity and Environmental Impact”, Sustainability, 13(6), 3289.
- Sherman, H.D. and Zhu, J. (2006). “Service Productivity Management: Improving Service Performance Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)”, Springer, Boston, MA.
- Shin, J., Kim, C. and Yang, H. (2018). “The Effect of Sustainability as Innovation Objectives on Innovation Efficiency”, Sustainability, 10(6), 1966.
- Usman, K. and Liu, Z. (2015). “Innovation Index Framework to Measure the Innovation Capacity and Efficiency of SAARC Countries”, European Journal of Social Sciences, 46(3), 325-338.
- Wintjes, R. (2016). “Systems and Modes of ICT Innovation”, Joint Research Centre, JRC Science for Policy Report, DOI:10.2791/58656.
- Yurdakul, M. (2020). “İşletmelerde Sürdürülebilirliğin Sağlanmasında Eko Inovasyon Uygulamaları: Bir Model Önerisi”, İşletme Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1), 15-33.
- Yücel, M.A. and Terzioğlu, M.K. (2023). “Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma ve Eko-İnovasyon: Dinamik Mekânsal Etkileşim”, Verimlilik Dergisi, Circular Economy and Sustainability (SI), 171-186.
Examining the Interplay Between Innovation Index, Innovation Efficiency and Sustainability Index: A Cross-Group Analysis of G7 and E7 Countries
Abstract
Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to examine the innovation, sustainability and innovation efficiencies of G7 and E7 countries and to address the relationship between them. The investigation focuses on exploring the potential impact of innovation productivity on the sustainability index in both developed and emerging economies, along with examining potential underlying factors influencing this relationship.
Methodology: The research employs Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to assess the innovation efficiency. This analysis considers two innovation outputs set against five inputs. Statistical methods such as t-test and correlation analysis are also used to investigate the interplay between innovation efficiency and the sustainability.
Findings: The findings of this study reveal interesting results. First, no significant difference is observed regarding innovation efficiency between G7 and E7 groups. For the G7 countries, there is a positive correlation between the sustainability index and innovation efficiency, suggesting that more efficient innovation is associated with sustainability. Contrarily, there is a negative correlation between these indices in E7 countries, implying that effective innovation can lower the sustainability index.
Originality: This study contributes novel insights into the relationship between innovation and sustainability by considering the G7 and E7 countries. Although various countries are evaluated in the literature, no comparison has been made for these two groups. Also, the identification of opposing correlations between two indices in developed and emerging economies constitutes a significant contribution to the literature.
Keywords
Innovation Efficiency Sustainability Index Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Developed and Emerging Economies Correlation Analysis
References
- Akyol, H. (2020). “Teknolojik İnovasyon Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Üzerinde Teşvik Edici Bir Faktör Müdür?”, Aydın İktisat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 14-24.
- Aldieri, L., Gatto, A. and Vinci, C.P. (2022). “Is There Any Room for Renewable Energy Innovation in Developing and Transition Economies? Data Envelopment Analysis of Energy Behaviour and Resilience Data”, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 186, 106587.
- Alnafrah, I. (2021). “Efficiency Evaluation of BRICS’s National Innovation Systems Based on Bias-Corrected Network Data Envelopment Analysis”, Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1), 26.
- Altıntaş, F.F. (2020). “İnovasyon Etkililiğinin, Etkinliğinin ve Verimliliğinin Tespitine Yönelik Ampirik Bir Araştırma: G7 Grubu Ülkeleri Örneği”, Turkish Studies-Economy, 15(4), 1861-1877.
- Andrijauskiene, M., Ioannidis, D., Dumciuviene, D., Dimara, A., Bezas, N., Papaioannou, A. and Krinidis, S. (2023). “European Union Innovation Efficiency Assessment Based on Data Envelopment Analysis”, Economies, 11(6), 163.
- Belgin, O. (2019). “Analysing R&D Efficiency of Turkish Regions Using Data Envelopment Analysis”, Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 31(11), 1341-1352.
- Charnes, A., Cooper, W.W. and Rhodes, E. (1978). “Measuring the Efficiency of Decision-Making Units”, European Journal of Operational Research, 2(6), 429-444.
- Çalık, E. (2021). “Türkiye’deki İmalat İşletmelerinin Sürdürülebilir İnovasyon Faaliyetleri”, Verimlilik Dergisi, 3, 185-201.
- Erdin, C. and Çağlar, M. (2023). “National Innovation Efficiency: A DEA-Based Measurement of OECD Countries”, International Journal of Innovation Science, 15(3), 427-456.
- Jiang, T., Ji, P., Shi, Y., Ye, Z. and Jin, Q. (2021). “Efficiency Assessment of Green Technology Innovation of Renewable Energy Enterprises in China: A Dynamic Data Envelopment Analysis Considering Undesirable Output”, Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 23, 1509-1519.
- Jiang, Y., Hossain, M.R., Khan, Z., Chen, J. and Badeeb, R.A. (2023). “Revisiting Research and Development Expenditures and Trade Adjusted Emissions: Green Innovation and Renewable Energy R&D Role for Developed Countries”, Journal of the Knowledge Economy, DOI: 10.1007/s13132-023-01220-0.
- Kumar, S. and Managi, S. (2010). “Environment and Productivities in Developed and Developing Countries: The Case of Carbon Dioxide and Sulfur Dioxide”, Journal of Environmental Management, 91(7), 1580-1592.
- Long, X., Sun, C., Wu, C., Chen, B. and Boateng, K.A. (2020). “Green Innovation Efficiency Across China’s 30 Provinces: Estimate, Comparison, and Convergence”, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 25, 1243-1260.
- Luo, Q., Miao, C., Sun, L., Meng, X. and Duan, M. (2019). “Efficiency Evaluation of Green Technology Innovation of China's Strategic Emerging Industries: An Empirical Analysis Based on Malmquist-Data Envelopment Analysis Index”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 238, 117782.
- Murat, D. (2020). “The Measurement of Innovation Performance in OECD Countries”, Journal of Management & Economics Research, 18(4), 209-226.
- Narayanan, E., Ismail, W.R. and Mustafa, Z. (2022). “A Data-Envelopment Analysis-Based Systematic Review of the Literature on Innovation Performance”, Heliyon, e11925.
- Omri, A. (2020). “Technological Innovation and Sustainable Development: Does the Stage of Development Matter?”, Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 83, 106398.
- Pham, P.T. and Quddus, A. (2021). “The Impact of Innovation Activities on Firm Efficiency: Data Envelopment Analysis”, Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(3), 895-904.
- Sachs, J.D., Lafortune, G., Fuller, G. and Drumm, E. (2023). “Implementing the SDG Stimulus”, Sustainable Development Report 2023, Dublin University Press Dublin, Ireland, DOI: 10.25546/102924
- Seclen-Luna, J.P., Moya-Fernández, P. and Pereira, Á. (2021). “Exploring the Effects of Innovation Strategies and Size on Manufacturing Firms’ Productivity and Environmental Impact”, Sustainability, 13(6), 3289.
- Sherman, H.D. and Zhu, J. (2006). “Service Productivity Management: Improving Service Performance Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)”, Springer, Boston, MA.
- Shin, J., Kim, C. and Yang, H. (2018). “The Effect of Sustainability as Innovation Objectives on Innovation Efficiency”, Sustainability, 10(6), 1966.
- Usman, K. and Liu, Z. (2015). “Innovation Index Framework to Measure the Innovation Capacity and Efficiency of SAARC Countries”, European Journal of Social Sciences, 46(3), 325-338.
- Wintjes, R. (2016). “Systems and Modes of ICT Innovation”, Joint Research Centre, JRC Science for Policy Report, DOI:10.2791/58656.
- Yurdakul, M. (2020). “İşletmelerde Sürdürülebilirliğin Sağlanmasında Eko Inovasyon Uygulamaları: Bir Model Önerisi”, İşletme Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1), 15-33.
- Yücel, M.A. and Terzioğlu, M.K. (2023). “Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma ve Eko-İnovasyon: Dinamik Mekânsal Etkileşim”, Verimlilik Dergisi, Circular Economy and Sustainability (SI), 171-186.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Sustainable Development |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 15, 2024 |
| Submission Date | August 15, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 PRODUCTIVITY FOR INNOVATION |
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