Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Anayasa İntihal: Gambiya Gerçeği

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 29, 111 - 133, 25.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.31126/akrajournal.1061643

Öz

Yazı, Gambiya Anayasa Taslağı Hazırlama Komitesi’ne, yoğun isteğe cevap olarak 1997 Anayasasının yerini alacak bir Anayasa hazırlaması talimatı veren ödevi ele almaktadır. Hükümet tarafından bir araya getirilen uzmanlardan oluşan ekip, görevi, bazı kusurlarının olmasına karşın başardı. Ancak yasama organı başka nedenlerle belgeyi veto etti. Niteliksel analiz yoluyla intihal ve yasal düsturlar üzerine farklı bakış açılarıyla yaklaşan bu yazı, görevin neyi gerektirdiğini araştırarak hatanın nerede olduğunu incelemektedir. Taslak Komitesi’nin bu eylemi, iyi korunmuş sömürge anayasasına bağlı anakronizmleri ortadan kaldırmak yerine onu koruyucu "bir beyaz fil projesi" olduğunu ortaya çıkararak toplumu, kafası karışık hâlde bıraktı. Hem intihal hem de güveni suistimale yönelik hiçbir yasal çare bulunmadığından bu yazı, hatanın kendi müsebbib yıldızlarında değil, olayın tekrarını önlemek için eğitimsel gelişme hızını artırması gereken toplumun bizzat kendisinde aranması sonucuna varmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Adama, M. (2020) Lawmaker Calls For Inquiry Of CRC Over D116m. The Voice Available at : https://www.voicegambia.com/2020/09/23/lawmaker-calls-for-inquiry-of-crc-over-d116m/ Atherton, S; Blodgett, M. And Atherton, C. (2011). "Fiduciary Principles: Corporate Res-ponsibilities to Stakeholders," Journal of Religion and Business Ethics: (2), (5). Pp. 1-15. Available at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/jrbe/vol2/iss2/5
  • Bailey, P. (2001). Academic misconduct: Response from deans and nurse educators. Jo-urnal of Nursing Education, 40(3), 124-131.
  • Bakary S. (2012) Gumbo Ali Touray Freed At last. The point Newspaper. Available at: https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/gumbo-ali-touray-freed-at-last
  • Bakary S. (2012) UTG’s Professor Kah in court. The Gambia Voice. Available at: http://thegambiavoice.blogspot.com/2012/06/utgs-professor-kah-in-court.html
  • Bast, C. And Samuels, L. (2008). Plagiarism and Legal Scholarship in the Age of Informa-tion Sharing: The Need for Intellectual Honesty, 57 Catholic University. Law. Review. 777. Available at: https://scholarship.law.edu/lawreview/vol57/iss3/4
  • Bills, R. (1990). Plagiarism in Law School: Close Resemblance of the Worst Kind, 31 Santa Clara Law Review. 103. Available at: http://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/lawreview/vol31 /iss1/4
  • Brian, S. And Faires C. (2010) Academic Integrity Office: A Proposal. Academic Leader-ship: The Online Journal (8) (2) (4) Available at: https://scholars.fhsu.edu/alj/vol8/iss2/4
  • Buffalo Law Review (1960) Contracts—Enforceability of a Legal Contract Performed in an Illegal Manner, 10 Buff.
  • Caroline, F. And Anna, S. (2009). The Tort of Betrayal of Trust, 42 University of Michigan. Journal of Law Reform Vol42/Iss3/3Available at: Https://Repository.Law.Umich.Edu/Mjlr/
  • Carter, A. (2019). The Case for Plagiarism, 9 University of California Irvine Law Review 531 Available at: https://scholarship.law.uci.edu/ucilr/vol9/iss3/3
  • Constitution of Turks and Caicos Island (Rephrased) Available at: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TC/turks-and-caicos-constitution-2014/view
  • Constitution of The Republic of The Gambia (1970) Available at: https://static1.squarespace.com/sttic/5a7c2ca18a02c7a46149331c/t/5a8302139140b7 d1914cae 58/1518535228662/gm_1970_1of1970_GovUK.pdf
  • Constitution of the Republic of The Gambia (1997) Reprinted in 2002 Available at: http://hrlibrary.umn.edu/research/gambia-constitution.pdf
  • Constitution of the Republic of Kenya (2010) Available at: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Kenya_2010.pdf?lang=en
  • Constitution of the Republic of Malawi (1994) Available at: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Malawi_2017.pdf?lang=en
  • Constitution of Malta (1964) Available at: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Malta_2016.pdf?lang=en
  • Constitutional Review Commission (2020) Report Of The Constitutional Review Com-mission On The Draft Constitution For The Third Republic Of The Gambia. Constitutional Review Commission, The Gambia.
  • Diwate, V. (2014) "Carbon Copy," Ethos: (2015), (9). Available at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ethos/vol2015/iss1/9
  • Deutsche Welle News. Gambia's draft law restricts presidential terms. Available at : https://www.dw.com/en/gambias-draft-law-restricts-presidential-terms/a-53825425 welle
  • European Union Website (2020) The Gambia: Statement by the High Representative/Vice-President Josep Borrell on the current political situation. Available at https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/gambia-statement-high-representativevice-president-josep-borrell-current-political-situation_en
  • Gambian Talents Promotion (2020) Statement By The Chairperson Of The Constitutional ReviewCommission Of The Gambia At The Final Press Conference By The Crc https://www.facebook.com/GambianTalentsPromotion/photos/a.214330945429268/1454151344780549/
  • Gordon, H. (1995) Expository Writing Program. The President and Fellows of Harvard University Chapter. Available at: https://people.brandeis.edu/~teuber/usemplagiarism.html#: ~: text Plagiarism%20is%20passing%20off%20a,lying%2C%20cheating%2C%20and %20 ste ali ng.
  • Halifa, S. (2020) The Fifth of National Values And Ethos. Foroyaa newspaper Available at : https://foroyaa.net/the-fifth-of-national-values-and-ethos/
  • Hansen, R. And Anderson, A. (2015) Law Student Plagiarism: Contemporary Challenges and Responses. Journal of Legal Education (64) (3) Available at : https://ssrn.com/abstract=2591497
  • Hughes, Arnold and David, Perfect (2008), "Historical Dictionary of The Gambia." The Scarecrow Press, Inc, 109th ser. www.mybasse.org/news/analysis-the-july-30-1981-gambian-coup/
  • Banjul Magistrate Court (2012) Case Number BMC/CC/134/11. Inspector General of po-lice Vs Gumbo A. Touray. Unpublished.
  • Lambert, E. And Hogan, N. (2003). Collegiate academic dishonesty revisited: What have they done, how often have they done it, who does it, and why did they do it? Electronic Journal of Sociology, 7(4), 13-15.
  • Law Teacher (2020) Vicarious Liability of Principal for Acts of Agent. Law Teacher. Available at: Vicarious Liability of Principal for Acts of Agent (lawteacher.net)
  • Le Clercq, T (1999). Failure to teach: Due process and law/ school plagiarism. Journal of Legal Education, 49(2) pp 236-255.
  • Legal Writing Institute (2003) Law School Plagiarism V. Proper Attribution 2, available at http://www.lwionline.org/publications/plagiarism/policy.pdf.
  • Lindsay, B. (2011) 1836-9030 Vol 16, No 1. pp. 27–45 International Journal of Law and Education Responses Journal of Legal Education, (64) (3).
  • The current state of research on academic dishonesty among engineering students. Paper presented at ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference,Reno, NV. Law. Review. 124.
  • Madi Jobarteh’s (2020) Constitutional Developments in The Gambia: Reading for a new Constitution. https://www.lawhubgambia.com/lawhug-net/2018/2/18/constitutional-developments-in-the-gambia-readying-for-a-new-constitution
  • Mariama, N. (2020) 2020 Draft Constitution Is Not Dead. The Voice Newspaper. Available at: https://www.voicegambia.com/2020/10/02/2020-draft-constitution-is-not-dead-justice-jallow/
  • Marième, S. (2020) Adama Barrow to cling on despite promise to stay only three years. The Africa Report Available at : https://www.theafricareport.com/23515/adama-barrow-to-cling-on-despite-promise-to-stay-only-three-years/
  • Mommodu, J. (2021) Gambia’s Re-elected Leader Vows to Push For Term Limits, Justice. Bloomberg.
  • Mustapha, D. (2016) Gambian opposition Leader receives 3- year jail term. Sentence hampers UDP’s chances in December polls. Africa. Available at: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/gambian-opposition-leader-receives-3-year-jail-term/612473 Nancy, K., Neil, B., Daniel, H., Lucien, D., Linda, B. (2009) Dynamic Business Law (New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin
  • Omasanjuwa, A. (2020). Proposed Convict Enfranchisement in the Gambia: Lessons from America. Journal of Universal History Studies, 3 (2), 168-194.
  • Omasanjuwa, A. and Tarro, M. (2021). A Week of Mayhem: The July 30 Insurgency in the Gambia . Journal of Universal History Studies, 4 (1) , 1-29.
  • Peters, M. (2015) The History And Practice Of Lying In Public Life Review Of Contem-porary Philosophy Vol. 14.
  • Samsudeen, S. (2020) Gambia’s D116 million CRC cost looks terribly fraudulent. The Standard Newspaper. Available at: https://standard.gm/commentary/gambias-d116-million-crc-cost-looks-terribly-fraudulent/
  • Shelly, P. (2018) Deep fakes: The Dawn of the Post-Truth Era. Online source Available at : https://www.shellypalmer.com/2018/10/deepfakes-dawn-post-truth-era/
  • Shields, C. (1957) Illegal Performance of a Legal Contract, 41 Marquette Law Review 34. Available at: http://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/mulr/vol41/iss1/3
  • State of Indiana Legislators (1935) Law of Agency Chapter I Introductory Matters, 10 Notre Dame Law Review. 367.
  • Strong, G. (1961). The Enforceability of Illegal Contracts, 12 Hastings Law Journal. 347.
  • Susan, N. Montgomery Trevor, H., Donald, C., Nicholas, H., Steneck (2001). The Current State Of Research On Academic Dishonesty Among Engineering Students. Proceedings - Frontiers in Education Conference 3:F4A-13-8 vol.3
  • Tami, E. Robinson. (2006). Cut-and-Paste Plagiarism: Teaching Student Researchers Bo-undaries, The Christian Librarian: Vol. 49: Issue. 1, Article 4. Available at: http://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/tcl/vol49/iss1
  • The Chronicle (2020) Diplomatic Missions Urge Gambian lawmakers to Pass the Draft Constitution Sep. 21, 2020 Available at : https://www.chronicle.gm/diplomatic-missions-urge-gambian-lawmakers-to-pass-the-draft-constitution/
  • Thomas, D. (2004). How Educators Can More Effectively Understand and Combat Pla-giarism Epidemic, 2004 Brigham Young University Education And Law Journal 421. Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.byu.edu/elj/vol2004/iss2/10
  • Zastrow, C. (1970). Cheating among college graduate students. The Journal of Educational Research, 64(4), pp. 157-160.
Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 29, 111 - 133, 25.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.31126/akrajournal.1061643

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Adama, M. (2020) Lawmaker Calls For Inquiry Of CRC Over D116m. The Voice Available at : https://www.voicegambia.com/2020/09/23/lawmaker-calls-for-inquiry-of-crc-over-d116m/ Atherton, S; Blodgett, M. And Atherton, C. (2011). "Fiduciary Principles: Corporate Res-ponsibilities to Stakeholders," Journal of Religion and Business Ethics: (2), (5). Pp. 1-15. Available at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/jrbe/vol2/iss2/5
  • Bailey, P. (2001). Academic misconduct: Response from deans and nurse educators. Jo-urnal of Nursing Education, 40(3), 124-131.
  • Bakary S. (2012) Gumbo Ali Touray Freed At last. The point Newspaper. Available at: https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/gumbo-ali-touray-freed-at-last
  • Bakary S. (2012) UTG’s Professor Kah in court. The Gambia Voice. Available at: http://thegambiavoice.blogspot.com/2012/06/utgs-professor-kah-in-court.html
  • Bast, C. And Samuels, L. (2008). Plagiarism and Legal Scholarship in the Age of Informa-tion Sharing: The Need for Intellectual Honesty, 57 Catholic University. Law. Review. 777. Available at: https://scholarship.law.edu/lawreview/vol57/iss3/4
  • Bills, R. (1990). Plagiarism in Law School: Close Resemblance of the Worst Kind, 31 Santa Clara Law Review. 103. Available at: http://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/lawreview/vol31 /iss1/4
  • Brian, S. And Faires C. (2010) Academic Integrity Office: A Proposal. Academic Leader-ship: The Online Journal (8) (2) (4) Available at: https://scholars.fhsu.edu/alj/vol8/iss2/4
  • Buffalo Law Review (1960) Contracts—Enforceability of a Legal Contract Performed in an Illegal Manner, 10 Buff.
  • Caroline, F. And Anna, S. (2009). The Tort of Betrayal of Trust, 42 University of Michigan. Journal of Law Reform Vol42/Iss3/3Available at: Https://Repository.Law.Umich.Edu/Mjlr/
  • Carter, A. (2019). The Case for Plagiarism, 9 University of California Irvine Law Review 531 Available at: https://scholarship.law.uci.edu/ucilr/vol9/iss3/3
  • Constitution of Turks and Caicos Island (Rephrased) Available at: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TC/turks-and-caicos-constitution-2014/view
  • Constitution of The Republic of The Gambia (1970) Available at: https://static1.squarespace.com/sttic/5a7c2ca18a02c7a46149331c/t/5a8302139140b7 d1914cae 58/1518535228662/gm_1970_1of1970_GovUK.pdf
  • Constitution of the Republic of The Gambia (1997) Reprinted in 2002 Available at: http://hrlibrary.umn.edu/research/gambia-constitution.pdf
  • Constitution of the Republic of Kenya (2010) Available at: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Kenya_2010.pdf?lang=en
  • Constitution of the Republic of Malawi (1994) Available at: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Malawi_2017.pdf?lang=en
  • Constitution of Malta (1964) Available at: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Malta_2016.pdf?lang=en
  • Constitutional Review Commission (2020) Report Of The Constitutional Review Com-mission On The Draft Constitution For The Third Republic Of The Gambia. Constitutional Review Commission, The Gambia.
  • Diwate, V. (2014) "Carbon Copy," Ethos: (2015), (9). Available at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ethos/vol2015/iss1/9
  • Deutsche Welle News. Gambia's draft law restricts presidential terms. Available at : https://www.dw.com/en/gambias-draft-law-restricts-presidential-terms/a-53825425 welle
  • European Union Website (2020) The Gambia: Statement by the High Representative/Vice-President Josep Borrell on the current political situation. Available at https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/gambia-statement-high-representativevice-president-josep-borrell-current-political-situation_en
  • Gambian Talents Promotion (2020) Statement By The Chairperson Of The Constitutional ReviewCommission Of The Gambia At The Final Press Conference By The Crc https://www.facebook.com/GambianTalentsPromotion/photos/a.214330945429268/1454151344780549/
  • Gordon, H. (1995) Expository Writing Program. The President and Fellows of Harvard University Chapter. Available at: https://people.brandeis.edu/~teuber/usemplagiarism.html#: ~: text Plagiarism%20is%20passing%20off%20a,lying%2C%20cheating%2C%20and %20 ste ali ng.
  • Halifa, S. (2020) The Fifth of National Values And Ethos. Foroyaa newspaper Available at : https://foroyaa.net/the-fifth-of-national-values-and-ethos/
  • Hansen, R. And Anderson, A. (2015) Law Student Plagiarism: Contemporary Challenges and Responses. Journal of Legal Education (64) (3) Available at : https://ssrn.com/abstract=2591497
  • Hughes, Arnold and David, Perfect (2008), "Historical Dictionary of The Gambia." The Scarecrow Press, Inc, 109th ser. www.mybasse.org/news/analysis-the-july-30-1981-gambian-coup/
  • Banjul Magistrate Court (2012) Case Number BMC/CC/134/11. Inspector General of po-lice Vs Gumbo A. Touray. Unpublished.
  • Lambert, E. And Hogan, N. (2003). Collegiate academic dishonesty revisited: What have they done, how often have they done it, who does it, and why did they do it? Electronic Journal of Sociology, 7(4), 13-15.
  • Law Teacher (2020) Vicarious Liability of Principal for Acts of Agent. Law Teacher. Available at: Vicarious Liability of Principal for Acts of Agent (lawteacher.net)
  • Le Clercq, T (1999). Failure to teach: Due process and law/ school plagiarism. Journal of Legal Education, 49(2) pp 236-255.
  • Legal Writing Institute (2003) Law School Plagiarism V. Proper Attribution 2, available at http://www.lwionline.org/publications/plagiarism/policy.pdf.
  • Lindsay, B. (2011) 1836-9030 Vol 16, No 1. pp. 27–45 International Journal of Law and Education Responses Journal of Legal Education, (64) (3).
  • The current state of research on academic dishonesty among engineering students. Paper presented at ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference,Reno, NV. Law. Review. 124.
  • Madi Jobarteh’s (2020) Constitutional Developments in The Gambia: Reading for a new Constitution. https://www.lawhubgambia.com/lawhug-net/2018/2/18/constitutional-developments-in-the-gambia-readying-for-a-new-constitution
  • Mariama, N. (2020) 2020 Draft Constitution Is Not Dead. The Voice Newspaper. Available at: https://www.voicegambia.com/2020/10/02/2020-draft-constitution-is-not-dead-justice-jallow/
  • Marième, S. (2020) Adama Barrow to cling on despite promise to stay only three years. The Africa Report Available at : https://www.theafricareport.com/23515/adama-barrow-to-cling-on-despite-promise-to-stay-only-three-years/
  • Mommodu, J. (2021) Gambia’s Re-elected Leader Vows to Push For Term Limits, Justice. Bloomberg.
  • Mustapha, D. (2016) Gambian opposition Leader receives 3- year jail term. Sentence hampers UDP’s chances in December polls. Africa. Available at: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/gambian-opposition-leader-receives-3-year-jail-term/612473 Nancy, K., Neil, B., Daniel, H., Lucien, D., Linda, B. (2009) Dynamic Business Law (New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin
  • Omasanjuwa, A. (2020). Proposed Convict Enfranchisement in the Gambia: Lessons from America. Journal of Universal History Studies, 3 (2), 168-194.
  • Omasanjuwa, A. and Tarro, M. (2021). A Week of Mayhem: The July 30 Insurgency in the Gambia . Journal of Universal History Studies, 4 (1) , 1-29.
  • Peters, M. (2015) The History And Practice Of Lying In Public Life Review Of Contem-porary Philosophy Vol. 14.
  • Samsudeen, S. (2020) Gambia’s D116 million CRC cost looks terribly fraudulent. The Standard Newspaper. Available at: https://standard.gm/commentary/gambias-d116-million-crc-cost-looks-terribly-fraudulent/
  • Shelly, P. (2018) Deep fakes: The Dawn of the Post-Truth Era. Online source Available at : https://www.shellypalmer.com/2018/10/deepfakes-dawn-post-truth-era/
  • Shields, C. (1957) Illegal Performance of a Legal Contract, 41 Marquette Law Review 34. Available at: http://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/mulr/vol41/iss1/3
  • State of Indiana Legislators (1935) Law of Agency Chapter I Introductory Matters, 10 Notre Dame Law Review. 367.
  • Strong, G. (1961). The Enforceability of Illegal Contracts, 12 Hastings Law Journal. 347.
  • Susan, N. Montgomery Trevor, H., Donald, C., Nicholas, H., Steneck (2001). The Current State Of Research On Academic Dishonesty Among Engineering Students. Proceedings - Frontiers in Education Conference 3:F4A-13-8 vol.3
  • Tami, E. Robinson. (2006). Cut-and-Paste Plagiarism: Teaching Student Researchers Bo-undaries, The Christian Librarian: Vol. 49: Issue. 1, Article 4. Available at: http://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/tcl/vol49/iss1
  • The Chronicle (2020) Diplomatic Missions Urge Gambian lawmakers to Pass the Draft Constitution Sep. 21, 2020 Available at : https://www.chronicle.gm/diplomatic-missions-urge-gambian-lawmakers-to-pass-the-draft-constitution/
  • Thomas, D. (2004). How Educators Can More Effectively Understand and Combat Pla-giarism Epidemic, 2004 Brigham Young University Education And Law Journal 421. Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.byu.edu/elj/vol2004/iss2/10
  • Zastrow, C. (1970). Cheating among college graduate students. The Journal of Educational Research, 64(4), pp. 157-160.

The Gambian Reality

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 29, 111 - 133, 25.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.31126/akrajournal.1061643

Öz

The Note addresses the assignment mandated The Gambia Constitution Drafting Committee to prepare a Constitution to replace that of 1997 in response to popular demand. The team of experts assembled by government accomplished the task though with a serious flaw: plagiarism. The legislature however, for other reasons, vetoed the document. With diverse viewpoints on plagiarism and legal maxims, through qualitative analysis, this Note examines where the fault lay by probing what the assignment entails. The action of the drafting Committee left the society confused and without recourse after spending a whooping sum of money on what turned out to be a white elephant project that preserved rather than eliminate well preserved colonial constitutional anachronisms. As no legal remedy exist for both plagiarism and breach of trust, the Note concluded that the fault is not in their stars but in the society that needs to accelerate the pace of educational development to avert a repeat of the incidence.

Kaynakça

  • Adama, M. (2020) Lawmaker Calls For Inquiry Of CRC Over D116m. The Voice Available at : https://www.voicegambia.com/2020/09/23/lawmaker-calls-for-inquiry-of-crc-over-d116m/ Atherton, S; Blodgett, M. And Atherton, C. (2011). "Fiduciary Principles: Corporate Res-ponsibilities to Stakeholders," Journal of Religion and Business Ethics: (2), (5). Pp. 1-15. Available at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/jrbe/vol2/iss2/5
  • Bailey, P. (2001). Academic misconduct: Response from deans and nurse educators. Jo-urnal of Nursing Education, 40(3), 124-131.
  • Bakary S. (2012) Gumbo Ali Touray Freed At last. The point Newspaper. Available at: https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/article/gumbo-ali-touray-freed-at-last
  • Bakary S. (2012) UTG’s Professor Kah in court. The Gambia Voice. Available at: http://thegambiavoice.blogspot.com/2012/06/utgs-professor-kah-in-court.html
  • Bast, C. And Samuels, L. (2008). Plagiarism and Legal Scholarship in the Age of Informa-tion Sharing: The Need for Intellectual Honesty, 57 Catholic University. Law. Review. 777. Available at: https://scholarship.law.edu/lawreview/vol57/iss3/4
  • Bills, R. (1990). Plagiarism in Law School: Close Resemblance of the Worst Kind, 31 Santa Clara Law Review. 103. Available at: http://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/lawreview/vol31 /iss1/4
  • Brian, S. And Faires C. (2010) Academic Integrity Office: A Proposal. Academic Leader-ship: The Online Journal (8) (2) (4) Available at: https://scholars.fhsu.edu/alj/vol8/iss2/4
  • Buffalo Law Review (1960) Contracts—Enforceability of a Legal Contract Performed in an Illegal Manner, 10 Buff.
  • Caroline, F. And Anna, S. (2009). The Tort of Betrayal of Trust, 42 University of Michigan. Journal of Law Reform Vol42/Iss3/3Available at: Https://Repository.Law.Umich.Edu/Mjlr/
  • Carter, A. (2019). The Case for Plagiarism, 9 University of California Irvine Law Review 531 Available at: https://scholarship.law.uci.edu/ucilr/vol9/iss3/3
  • Constitution of Turks and Caicos Island (Rephrased) Available at: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TC/turks-and-caicos-constitution-2014/view
  • Constitution of The Republic of The Gambia (1970) Available at: https://static1.squarespace.com/sttic/5a7c2ca18a02c7a46149331c/t/5a8302139140b7 d1914cae 58/1518535228662/gm_1970_1of1970_GovUK.pdf
  • Constitution of the Republic of The Gambia (1997) Reprinted in 2002 Available at: http://hrlibrary.umn.edu/research/gambia-constitution.pdf
  • Constitution of the Republic of Kenya (2010) Available at: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Kenya_2010.pdf?lang=en
  • Constitution of the Republic of Malawi (1994) Available at: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Malawi_2017.pdf?lang=en
  • Constitution of Malta (1964) Available at: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Malta_2016.pdf?lang=en
  • Constitutional Review Commission (2020) Report Of The Constitutional Review Com-mission On The Draft Constitution For The Third Republic Of The Gambia. Constitutional Review Commission, The Gambia.
  • Diwate, V. (2014) "Carbon Copy," Ethos: (2015), (9). Available at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ethos/vol2015/iss1/9
  • Deutsche Welle News. Gambia's draft law restricts presidential terms. Available at : https://www.dw.com/en/gambias-draft-law-restricts-presidential-terms/a-53825425 welle
  • European Union Website (2020) The Gambia: Statement by the High Representative/Vice-President Josep Borrell on the current political situation. Available at https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/gambia-statement-high-representativevice-president-josep-borrell-current-political-situation_en
  • Gambian Talents Promotion (2020) Statement By The Chairperson Of The Constitutional ReviewCommission Of The Gambia At The Final Press Conference By The Crc https://www.facebook.com/GambianTalentsPromotion/photos/a.214330945429268/1454151344780549/
  • Gordon, H. (1995) Expository Writing Program. The President and Fellows of Harvard University Chapter. Available at: https://people.brandeis.edu/~teuber/usemplagiarism.html#: ~: text Plagiarism%20is%20passing%20off%20a,lying%2C%20cheating%2C%20and %20 ste ali ng.
  • Halifa, S. (2020) The Fifth of National Values And Ethos. Foroyaa newspaper Available at : https://foroyaa.net/the-fifth-of-national-values-and-ethos/
  • Hansen, R. And Anderson, A. (2015) Law Student Plagiarism: Contemporary Challenges and Responses. Journal of Legal Education (64) (3) Available at : https://ssrn.com/abstract=2591497
  • Hughes, Arnold and David, Perfect (2008), "Historical Dictionary of The Gambia." The Scarecrow Press, Inc, 109th ser. www.mybasse.org/news/analysis-the-july-30-1981-gambian-coup/
  • Banjul Magistrate Court (2012) Case Number BMC/CC/134/11. Inspector General of po-lice Vs Gumbo A. Touray. Unpublished.
  • Lambert, E. And Hogan, N. (2003). Collegiate academic dishonesty revisited: What have they done, how often have they done it, who does it, and why did they do it? Electronic Journal of Sociology, 7(4), 13-15.
  • Law Teacher (2020) Vicarious Liability of Principal for Acts of Agent. Law Teacher. Available at: Vicarious Liability of Principal for Acts of Agent (lawteacher.net)
  • Le Clercq, T (1999). Failure to teach: Due process and law/ school plagiarism. Journal of Legal Education, 49(2) pp 236-255.
  • Legal Writing Institute (2003) Law School Plagiarism V. Proper Attribution 2, available at http://www.lwionline.org/publications/plagiarism/policy.pdf.
  • Lindsay, B. (2011) 1836-9030 Vol 16, No 1. pp. 27–45 International Journal of Law and Education Responses Journal of Legal Education, (64) (3).
  • The current state of research on academic dishonesty among engineering students. Paper presented at ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference,Reno, NV. Law. Review. 124.
  • Madi Jobarteh’s (2020) Constitutional Developments in The Gambia: Reading for a new Constitution. https://www.lawhubgambia.com/lawhug-net/2018/2/18/constitutional-developments-in-the-gambia-readying-for-a-new-constitution
  • Mariama, N. (2020) 2020 Draft Constitution Is Not Dead. The Voice Newspaper. Available at: https://www.voicegambia.com/2020/10/02/2020-draft-constitution-is-not-dead-justice-jallow/
  • Marième, S. (2020) Adama Barrow to cling on despite promise to stay only three years. The Africa Report Available at : https://www.theafricareport.com/23515/adama-barrow-to-cling-on-despite-promise-to-stay-only-three-years/
  • Mommodu, J. (2021) Gambia’s Re-elected Leader Vows to Push For Term Limits, Justice. Bloomberg.
  • Mustapha, D. (2016) Gambian opposition Leader receives 3- year jail term. Sentence hampers UDP’s chances in December polls. Africa. Available at: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/gambian-opposition-leader-receives-3-year-jail-term/612473 Nancy, K., Neil, B., Daniel, H., Lucien, D., Linda, B. (2009) Dynamic Business Law (New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin
  • Omasanjuwa, A. (2020). Proposed Convict Enfranchisement in the Gambia: Lessons from America. Journal of Universal History Studies, 3 (2), 168-194.
  • Omasanjuwa, A. and Tarro, M. (2021). A Week of Mayhem: The July 30 Insurgency in the Gambia . Journal of Universal History Studies, 4 (1) , 1-29.
  • Peters, M. (2015) The History And Practice Of Lying In Public Life Review Of Contem-porary Philosophy Vol. 14.
  • Samsudeen, S. (2020) Gambia’s D116 million CRC cost looks terribly fraudulent. The Standard Newspaper. Available at: https://standard.gm/commentary/gambias-d116-million-crc-cost-looks-terribly-fraudulent/
  • Shelly, P. (2018) Deep fakes: The Dawn of the Post-Truth Era. Online source Available at : https://www.shellypalmer.com/2018/10/deepfakes-dawn-post-truth-era/
  • Shields, C. (1957) Illegal Performance of a Legal Contract, 41 Marquette Law Review 34. Available at: http://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/mulr/vol41/iss1/3
  • State of Indiana Legislators (1935) Law of Agency Chapter I Introductory Matters, 10 Notre Dame Law Review. 367.
  • Strong, G. (1961). The Enforceability of Illegal Contracts, 12 Hastings Law Journal. 347.
  • Susan, N. Montgomery Trevor, H., Donald, C., Nicholas, H., Steneck (2001). The Current State Of Research On Academic Dishonesty Among Engineering Students. Proceedings - Frontiers in Education Conference 3:F4A-13-8 vol.3
  • Tami, E. Robinson. (2006). Cut-and-Paste Plagiarism: Teaching Student Researchers Bo-undaries, The Christian Librarian: Vol. 49: Issue. 1, Article 4. Available at: http://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/tcl/vol49/iss1
  • The Chronicle (2020) Diplomatic Missions Urge Gambian lawmakers to Pass the Draft Constitution Sep. 21, 2020 Available at : https://www.chronicle.gm/diplomatic-missions-urge-gambian-lawmakers-to-pass-the-draft-constitution/
  • Thomas, D. (2004). How Educators Can More Effectively Understand and Combat Pla-giarism Epidemic, 2004 Brigham Young University Education And Law Journal 421. Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.byu.edu/elj/vol2004/iss2/10
  • Zastrow, C. (1970). Cheating among college graduate students. The Journal of Educational Research, 64(4), pp. 157-160.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Akpojevbe Omasanjuwa 0000-0002-8005-3924

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 8 Ocak 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Ocak 2023
Kabul Tarihi 30 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 29

Kaynak Göster

APA Omasanjuwa, A. (2023). The Gambian Reality. AKRA Kültür Sanat Ve Edebiyat Dergisi, 11(29), 111-133. https://doi.org/10.31126/akrajournal.1061643

Evliya Çelebi Mahallesi Hatboyu Caddesi, No: 2/2 TUZLA / İSTANBUL Tel: +90 532 732 00 21 (Türkçe İletişim) Tel: +90 533 578 27 54 (For English)  Tel: +90 545 933 24 14 (Pour le Français), akrajournal@gmail.com 18436 18471

14035    14036    14037     14038  16497  16571

16772      download  18435 19333