Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Geçici Koruma Statüsü Altında Bulunan Suriyelilerde Psikolojik Dayanaklılık ile Sosyodemografik Değişkenler Arasındaki İlişki: Mardin Örneği

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 35, 1021 - 1035, 20.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.33692/avrasyad.1269424

Öz

Göç literatürü, savaş gibi nedenlerle göç etmek zorunda kalan insanların sıklıkla anksiyete ve depresyon gibi psikolojik ve sosyal sorunlar yaşadığını göstermektedir. Son dönemde göç çalışmalarında, zorunlu göçmenleri yalnızca sorunlu ya da patolojik bireyler olarak görmek yerine güçlü yönlerini vurgulamanın önemli olduğunu savunan ve yalnızca onların sorunlarına odaklanan yaklaşımlara karşı eleştiriler ortaya çıkmıştır. Dayanıklılık (resilience), mültecilerin hem psikolojik sağlığı hem de sosyo-kültürel uyumu açısından önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Ancak literatürde bu konuda zengin bir veritabanı olmadığı gözlemlenmektedir. Bu eleştirilere dayanarak mültecilerin psikolojik dayanıklılığını ekolojik yaklaşımla ele alan bu çalışmada, dayanıklılığın sosyal boyutuna odaklanan Resilience Research Centre (RRC-ARM) tarafından hazırlanan Yetişkin Dayanıklılık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Türkiye'nin Mardin il sınırları içinde yaşayan 323 Suriyeli geçici koruma statüsü sahibi yetişkinlerle yüz yüze anket yapılmıştır. Görüşmeler sırasında bir tercüman da hazır bulunmuştur. Anket aracılığıyla katılımcıların sosyodemografik bilgileri ve dayanıklılık düzeyleri belirlenmiş ve bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişki t-testi ve ANOVA kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, eğitim düzeyi ve işsizlik durumunun dayanıklılık üzerinde önemli bir etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Potansiyel, acil ve gelecekteki sorunları aşmak için önemli bir kaynak olan dayanıklılığın meslek (iş) ve eğitim fırsatlarıyla ilişkilendirilebileceği değerlendirilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Adger, W. N. (2000). Social and ecological resilience: are they related? http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/030913200701540465, 24(3), 347–364. https://doi.org/10.1191/030913200701540465
  • Akın, M. H., & Bozbaş, G. (2020). Suriye’den Türkiye’ye Göçün Sosyolojik Sonuçları: Suriyeli Göçmenler Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Saha Araştırması. Liberal Düşünce Dergisi, 25(97), 47–65. https://doi.org/10.36484/liberal.692459
  • Alduraidi, H., Dardas, L. A., & Price, M. M. (2020). Social determinants of resilience among syrian refugees in Jordan. Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services, 58(8), 31–38. https://doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20200624-04
  • Alqudah, A. F. (2013). Resiliency Levels among Iraqi refugees in Jordan and Its Relation to Some Demographic Variables. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 5(4), p50. https://doi.org/10.5539/IJPS.V5N4P50
  • Arnetz, J., Rofa, Y., Arnetz, B., Ventimiglia, M., & Jamil, H. (2013). Resilience as a Protective Factor against the Development ofPsychopathology among Refugees. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 201(3), 167–172. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e3182848afe.Resilience
  • Arslan, G. (2021). Çocuk ve ergenlerde psikolojik sağlamlığın geliştirilmesi. Içinde G. Arslan & M. Yıldırım (Ed.), Okulda pozitif psikoloji: Kuramdan uygulamaya (ss. 71–85). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Aycan, Z., & Berry, J. W. (1996). Impact of employment-related experiences on immigrants’ psychological well-being and adaptation to Canada. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 28(3), 240–251. https://doi.org/10.1037/0008-400X.28.3.240
  • Blackmore, R., Boyle, J. A., Fazel, M., Ranasinha, S., Gray, K. M., Fitzgerald, G., … Gibson-Helm, M. (2020). The prevalence of mental illness in refugees and asylum seekers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS Medicine, 17(9), e1003337. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PMED.1003337
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1986). Ecology of the family as a context for human development: Research perspectives. Developmental Psychology, 22(6), 723–742. https://doi.org/10.1037//0012-1649.22.6.723
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1994). Ecological models of human development. In International Encyclopedia of Education. Içinde M. Gauvain & M. Cole (Ed.), Readng on the development of children (2. baskı, ss. 37–43). New York: Worth Publishers. Tarihinde adresinden erişildi https://impactofspecialneeds.weebly.com/uploads/3/4/1/9/3419723/ecologial_models_of_human_development.pdf
  • Demir, Ö. O., & Aliyev, R. (2019). Resilience among Syrian university students in Turkey. Turkish Journal Of Education, 8(1), 33–51. https://doi.org/10.19128/turje.454138
  • Earvolino-Ramirez, M. (2007). Resilience: A concept analysis. Içinde Nursing Forms (C. 42, ss. 73–82). Malden: Blackwell Publishing Inc. https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.59.2.87
  • Fazel, M., Wheeler, J., & Danesh, J. (2005). Prevalence of serious mental disorder in 7000 refugees resettled in. Lancet, 365(panel 1), 1309–1314.
  • Fletcher, D., & Sarkar, M. (2013). Psychological Resilience. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000124, 18(1), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/A000124
  • Göç İdaresi Başkanlığı, (2022). Geçici Koruma. https://www.goc.gov.tr/gecici-koruma5638
  • Guichard, L. (2020). Self-selection of Asylum Seekers: Evidence From Germany. Demography, 57(3), 1089–1116. https://doi.org/10.1007/S13524-020-00873-9
  • Güneş Aslan, G., & Güngör, F. (2019). Suriyeli Sığınmacıların Türkiye’ye Göç Sonrası Yaşadığı Sorunlar: İstanbul Örneği. OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(18), 1602–1632. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.558512
  • Güzin Topcu, Z., & Demircioğlu, H. (2020). Ekolojik sistemler perspektifinden psikolojik sağlamlık. Gelişim ve Psikoloji Dergisi (GPD) Derleme Makalesi Journal of Development and Psychology, 1(2), 125–147.
  • Hergenrather, K. C., Zeglin, R. J., McGuire-Kuletz, M., & Rhodes, S. D. (2015). Employment as a Social Determinant of Health: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies Exploring the Relationship Between Employment Status and Physical Health. Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 29(1), 2–26. https://doi.org/10.1891/2168-6653.29.1.2
  • Jibeen, T. (2011). Moderators of Acculturative Stress in Pakistani Immigrants: The role of Personal and Social Resources. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35(5), 523–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2011.04.002
  • Karasar, N. (2011). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
  • Kayaoglu, A. (2020). Labour Market Impact of Syrian Refugees in Turkey: The View of Employers in Informal Textile Sector in Istanbul. Migration Letters, 17(5), 583–595. https://doi.org/10.33182/ML.V17I5.891
  • Kılıç, C. (2021). Sığınmacı ve Mülteci̇lerde Psi̇koloji̇k Dayanıklılık Üzeri̇nde Sosyal Desteği̇n Etki̇si̇. 3. Sektör SosyalEkonomiDergi̇si̇, 56(2), 1006–1020. https://doi.org/10.15659/3.sektor-sosyal-ekonomi.21.05.1586
  • Kliewer, W., Kheirallah, K. A., Cobb, C. O., Alsulaiman, J. W., Mzayek, F., & Jaddou, H. (2021). Trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress symptoms among Syrian refugee youth in Jordan: Social support and gender as moderators. International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie, 56(2), 199–207. https://doi.org/10.1002/IJOP.12695
  • Lai, H., Due, C., & Ziersch, A. (2022). The relationship between employment and health for people from refugee and asylum-seeking backgrounds: A systematic review of quantitative studies. SSM - Population Health, 18. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SSMPH.2022.101075
  • Li, S. S. Y., Liddell, B. J., & Nickerson, A. (2016). The Relationship Between Post-Migration Stress and Psychological Disorders in Refugees and Asylum Seekers. Current Psychiatry Reports, 18(9), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-016-0723-0
  • Liebenberg, L., & Moore, J. C. (2016). A Social Ecological Measure of Resilience for Adults: The RRC-ARM. Social Indicators Research, 136(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1523-y
  • Manyena, S. B. (2006). The concept of resilience revisited. Disasters, 30(4), 434–450. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.0361-3666.2006.00331.X
  • McLaughlin, A. A., Doane, L. S., Costiuc, A. L., & Feeny, N. C. (2009). Stress and Resilience. Içinde L. Sana & S. Martha (Ed.), Determinants of Minority Mental Health and Wellness. New York: Springer US. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75659-2_17
  • Mels, C., Derluyn, I., Broekaert, E., & Rosseel, Y. (2010). The psychological impact of forced displacement and related risk factors on Eastern Congolese adolescents affected by war. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 51(10), 1096–1104. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1469-7610.2010.02241.X
  • Miller, K. E., & Rasmussen, A. (2010). War exposure, daily stressors, and mental health in conflict and post-conflict settings: Bridging the divide between trauma-focused and psychosocial frameworks. Social Science and Medicine, 70(1), 7–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.09.029
  • Modini, M., Joyce, S., Mykletun, A., Christensen, H., Bryant, R. A., Mitchell, P. B., & Harvey, S. B. (2016). The mental health benefits of employment: Results of a systematic meta-review. Australasian Psychiatry, 24(4), 331–336. https://doi.org/10.1177/1039856215618523/ASSET/IMAGES/LARGE/10.1177_1039856215618523-FIG1.JPEG
  • Pinto, A. D., Hassen, N., & Craig-Neil, A. (2018). Employment Interventions in Health Settings: A Systematic Review and Synthesis. The Annals of Family Medicine, 16(5), 447–460. https://doi.org/10.1370/AFM.2286
  • Porter, M., & Haslam, N. (2005). Predisplacement and postdisplacement of refugees and internally displaced persons. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 294(5), 610–612. Tarihinde adresinden erişildi http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=201335
  • Sheath, D., Flahault, A., Seybold, J., & Saso, L. (2020). Diverse and Complex Challenges to Migrant and Refugee Mental Health: Reflections of the M8 Alliance Expert Group on Migrant Health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), 3530. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103530
  • Siriwardhana, C., Ali, S. S., Roberts, B., & Stewart, R. (2014). A systematic review of resilience and mental health outcomes of conflict-driven adult forced migrants. Conflict and health, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-1505-8-13
  • Solberg, Ø., Vaez, M., Johnson-Singh, C. M., & Saboonchi, F. (2020). Asylum-seekers’ psychosocial situation: A diathesis for post-migratory stress and mental health disorders? Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 130(December). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109914
  • Stewart, M., Simich, L., Shizha, E., Makumbe, K., & Makwarimba, E. (2012). Supporting African refugees in Canada: insights from a support intervention. Health & social care in the community, 20(5), 516–527. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-2524.2012.01069.X
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics (6. baskı). Boston: Pearson.
  • Tinghög, P., Malm, A., Arwidson, C., Sigvardsdotter, E., Lundin, A., & Saboonchi, F. (2017). Prevalence of mental ill health, traumas and postmigration stress among refugees from Syria resettled in Sweden after 2011: A population-based survey. BMJ Open, 7(12). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018899
  • Tol, W. A., Song, S., & Jordans, M. J. D. (2013). Annual research review: Resilience and mental health in children and adolescents living in areas of armed conflict - A systematic review of findings in low- and middle-income countries. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 54(4), 445–460. https://doi.org/10.1111/JCPP.12053
  • Ungar, M. (2008). Resilience across cultures. British Journal of Social Work, 38(2), 218–235. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcl343
  • Ungar, M. (2011). The social ecology of resilience: Addressing contextual and cultural ambiguity of a nascent construct. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 81(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-0025.2010.01067.x
  • Ungar, M., Brown, M., Liebernberg, L., Othman, R., Kwong, W. M., Armstong, M., & Gilgun, J. (2007). Unique pathways to resilience across cultures. Adolescence, 42(166), 287–310.
  • UNHCR. (2022). Situation Syria Regional Refugee Response: Durable Solutions. Tarihinde adresinden erişildi https://data2.unhcr.org/en/situations/syria_durable_solutions#:~:text=Durable solutions for refugees from,access to resettlement in third
  • Van Der Noordt, M., IJzelenberg, H., Droomers, M., & Proper, K. I. (2014). Health effects of employment: a systematic review of prospective studies. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 71(10), 730–736. https://doi.org/10.1136/OEMED-2013-101891
  • Yıldırımalp, S., İslamoğlu, E., & İyen, C. (2017). Suriyeli Sığınmacıların Toplumsal Kabul ve Uyum Sürecine İlişkin Bir Araştırma. Bilgi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (2), 107–126.
  • Yılmaz Börekçi, D., & Gerçek, M. (2018). Evaluation Of “Resilience” Concept Regarding Its Turkish Usages In Social Sciences. Pamukkale University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 2018(30), 41–51. https://doi.org/10.5505/PAUSBED.2018.72473

The Relatıonship Between Psychological Resilıence and Sociodemographic Variables in Syrian Refugees Under Temporary Protection Status: The Case Of Mardin

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 35, 1021 - 1035, 20.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.33692/avrasyad.1269424

Öz

The literature on migration suggests that people who are forced to migrate due to reasons such as war often experience psychological problems like anxiety and depression. Recently, criticism has emerged in migration studies against approaches that focus solely on the problems of forced migrants, arguing that it is important to emphasize their strengths rather than viewing them solely as problematic or pathological individuals. The concept of resilience, which is important for the psychological health and socio-cultural adaptation of refugees, needs to be studied further as the existing literature does not provide a rich database on the topic. Therefore, this study aims to examine the psychological resilience of refugees using an ecological approach that takes into account criticisms of previous research. For this study, the Adult Resilience Measure prepared by the Resilience Research Centre (RRC-ARM) is used to measure the social dimension of resilience. Face-to-face surveys were conducted with 323 adult Syrian temporary protection status holders living within the borders of Mardin province in Turkey, with the help of a translator. The survey aimed to determine the participants' sociodemographic information and levels of psychological resilience. T-tests and ANOVA were used to analyze the relationship between these variables. The study's findings reveal that education level and employment status significantly affect psychological resilience among Syrian refugees. It is suggested that resilience, an essential factor for overcoming potential, urgent, and future problems, is associated with employment and educational opportunities. Therefore, the results of this study provide important insights into the psychological resilience of refugees and the factors that influence it, which can be used to develop interventions aimed at improving their resilience and socio-cultural adaptation.

Kaynakça

  • Adger, W. N. (2000). Social and ecological resilience: are they related? http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/030913200701540465, 24(3), 347–364. https://doi.org/10.1191/030913200701540465
  • Akın, M. H., & Bozbaş, G. (2020). Suriye’den Türkiye’ye Göçün Sosyolojik Sonuçları: Suriyeli Göçmenler Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Saha Araştırması. Liberal Düşünce Dergisi, 25(97), 47–65. https://doi.org/10.36484/liberal.692459
  • Alduraidi, H., Dardas, L. A., & Price, M. M. (2020). Social determinants of resilience among syrian refugees in Jordan. Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services, 58(8), 31–38. https://doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20200624-04
  • Alqudah, A. F. (2013). Resiliency Levels among Iraqi refugees in Jordan and Its Relation to Some Demographic Variables. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 5(4), p50. https://doi.org/10.5539/IJPS.V5N4P50
  • Arnetz, J., Rofa, Y., Arnetz, B., Ventimiglia, M., & Jamil, H. (2013). Resilience as a Protective Factor against the Development ofPsychopathology among Refugees. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 201(3), 167–172. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e3182848afe.Resilience
  • Arslan, G. (2021). Çocuk ve ergenlerde psikolojik sağlamlığın geliştirilmesi. Içinde G. Arslan & M. Yıldırım (Ed.), Okulda pozitif psikoloji: Kuramdan uygulamaya (ss. 71–85). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Aycan, Z., & Berry, J. W. (1996). Impact of employment-related experiences on immigrants’ psychological well-being and adaptation to Canada. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 28(3), 240–251. https://doi.org/10.1037/0008-400X.28.3.240
  • Blackmore, R., Boyle, J. A., Fazel, M., Ranasinha, S., Gray, K. M., Fitzgerald, G., … Gibson-Helm, M. (2020). The prevalence of mental illness in refugees and asylum seekers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS Medicine, 17(9), e1003337. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PMED.1003337
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1986). Ecology of the family as a context for human development: Research perspectives. Developmental Psychology, 22(6), 723–742. https://doi.org/10.1037//0012-1649.22.6.723
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1994). Ecological models of human development. In International Encyclopedia of Education. Içinde M. Gauvain & M. Cole (Ed.), Readng on the development of children (2. baskı, ss. 37–43). New York: Worth Publishers. Tarihinde adresinden erişildi https://impactofspecialneeds.weebly.com/uploads/3/4/1/9/3419723/ecologial_models_of_human_development.pdf
  • Demir, Ö. O., & Aliyev, R. (2019). Resilience among Syrian university students in Turkey. Turkish Journal Of Education, 8(1), 33–51. https://doi.org/10.19128/turje.454138
  • Earvolino-Ramirez, M. (2007). Resilience: A concept analysis. Içinde Nursing Forms (C. 42, ss. 73–82). Malden: Blackwell Publishing Inc. https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.59.2.87
  • Fazel, M., Wheeler, J., & Danesh, J. (2005). Prevalence of serious mental disorder in 7000 refugees resettled in. Lancet, 365(panel 1), 1309–1314.
  • Fletcher, D., & Sarkar, M. (2013). Psychological Resilience. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000124, 18(1), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/A000124
  • Göç İdaresi Başkanlığı, (2022). Geçici Koruma. https://www.goc.gov.tr/gecici-koruma5638
  • Guichard, L. (2020). Self-selection of Asylum Seekers: Evidence From Germany. Demography, 57(3), 1089–1116. https://doi.org/10.1007/S13524-020-00873-9
  • Güneş Aslan, G., & Güngör, F. (2019). Suriyeli Sığınmacıların Türkiye’ye Göç Sonrası Yaşadığı Sorunlar: İstanbul Örneği. OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(18), 1602–1632. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.558512
  • Güzin Topcu, Z., & Demircioğlu, H. (2020). Ekolojik sistemler perspektifinden psikolojik sağlamlık. Gelişim ve Psikoloji Dergisi (GPD) Derleme Makalesi Journal of Development and Psychology, 1(2), 125–147.
  • Hergenrather, K. C., Zeglin, R. J., McGuire-Kuletz, M., & Rhodes, S. D. (2015). Employment as a Social Determinant of Health: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies Exploring the Relationship Between Employment Status and Physical Health. Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 29(1), 2–26. https://doi.org/10.1891/2168-6653.29.1.2
  • Jibeen, T. (2011). Moderators of Acculturative Stress in Pakistani Immigrants: The role of Personal and Social Resources. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35(5), 523–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2011.04.002
  • Karasar, N. (2011). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
  • Kayaoglu, A. (2020). Labour Market Impact of Syrian Refugees in Turkey: The View of Employers in Informal Textile Sector in Istanbul. Migration Letters, 17(5), 583–595. https://doi.org/10.33182/ML.V17I5.891
  • Kılıç, C. (2021). Sığınmacı ve Mülteci̇lerde Psi̇koloji̇k Dayanıklılık Üzeri̇nde Sosyal Desteği̇n Etki̇si̇. 3. Sektör SosyalEkonomiDergi̇si̇, 56(2), 1006–1020. https://doi.org/10.15659/3.sektor-sosyal-ekonomi.21.05.1586
  • Kliewer, W., Kheirallah, K. A., Cobb, C. O., Alsulaiman, J. W., Mzayek, F., & Jaddou, H. (2021). Trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress symptoms among Syrian refugee youth in Jordan: Social support and gender as moderators. International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie, 56(2), 199–207. https://doi.org/10.1002/IJOP.12695
  • Lai, H., Due, C., & Ziersch, A. (2022). The relationship between employment and health for people from refugee and asylum-seeking backgrounds: A systematic review of quantitative studies. SSM - Population Health, 18. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SSMPH.2022.101075
  • Li, S. S. Y., Liddell, B. J., & Nickerson, A. (2016). The Relationship Between Post-Migration Stress and Psychological Disorders in Refugees and Asylum Seekers. Current Psychiatry Reports, 18(9), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-016-0723-0
  • Liebenberg, L., & Moore, J. C. (2016). A Social Ecological Measure of Resilience for Adults: The RRC-ARM. Social Indicators Research, 136(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1523-y
  • Manyena, S. B. (2006). The concept of resilience revisited. Disasters, 30(4), 434–450. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.0361-3666.2006.00331.X
  • McLaughlin, A. A., Doane, L. S., Costiuc, A. L., & Feeny, N. C. (2009). Stress and Resilience. Içinde L. Sana & S. Martha (Ed.), Determinants of Minority Mental Health and Wellness. New York: Springer US. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75659-2_17
  • Mels, C., Derluyn, I., Broekaert, E., & Rosseel, Y. (2010). The psychological impact of forced displacement and related risk factors on Eastern Congolese adolescents affected by war. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 51(10), 1096–1104. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1469-7610.2010.02241.X
  • Miller, K. E., & Rasmussen, A. (2010). War exposure, daily stressors, and mental health in conflict and post-conflict settings: Bridging the divide between trauma-focused and psychosocial frameworks. Social Science and Medicine, 70(1), 7–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.09.029
  • Modini, M., Joyce, S., Mykletun, A., Christensen, H., Bryant, R. A., Mitchell, P. B., & Harvey, S. B. (2016). The mental health benefits of employment: Results of a systematic meta-review. Australasian Psychiatry, 24(4), 331–336. https://doi.org/10.1177/1039856215618523/ASSET/IMAGES/LARGE/10.1177_1039856215618523-FIG1.JPEG
  • Pinto, A. D., Hassen, N., & Craig-Neil, A. (2018). Employment Interventions in Health Settings: A Systematic Review and Synthesis. The Annals of Family Medicine, 16(5), 447–460. https://doi.org/10.1370/AFM.2286
  • Porter, M., & Haslam, N. (2005). Predisplacement and postdisplacement of refugees and internally displaced persons. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 294(5), 610–612. Tarihinde adresinden erişildi http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=201335
  • Sheath, D., Flahault, A., Seybold, J., & Saso, L. (2020). Diverse and Complex Challenges to Migrant and Refugee Mental Health: Reflections of the M8 Alliance Expert Group on Migrant Health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), 3530. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103530
  • Siriwardhana, C., Ali, S. S., Roberts, B., & Stewart, R. (2014). A systematic review of resilience and mental health outcomes of conflict-driven adult forced migrants. Conflict and health, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-1505-8-13
  • Solberg, Ø., Vaez, M., Johnson-Singh, C. M., & Saboonchi, F. (2020). Asylum-seekers’ psychosocial situation: A diathesis for post-migratory stress and mental health disorders? Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 130(December). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109914
  • Stewart, M., Simich, L., Shizha, E., Makumbe, K., & Makwarimba, E. (2012). Supporting African refugees in Canada: insights from a support intervention. Health & social care in the community, 20(5), 516–527. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-2524.2012.01069.X
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics (6. baskı). Boston: Pearson.
  • Tinghög, P., Malm, A., Arwidson, C., Sigvardsdotter, E., Lundin, A., & Saboonchi, F. (2017). Prevalence of mental ill health, traumas and postmigration stress among refugees from Syria resettled in Sweden after 2011: A population-based survey. BMJ Open, 7(12). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018899
  • Tol, W. A., Song, S., & Jordans, M. J. D. (2013). Annual research review: Resilience and mental health in children and adolescents living in areas of armed conflict - A systematic review of findings in low- and middle-income countries. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 54(4), 445–460. https://doi.org/10.1111/JCPP.12053
  • Ungar, M. (2008). Resilience across cultures. British Journal of Social Work, 38(2), 218–235. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcl343
  • Ungar, M. (2011). The social ecology of resilience: Addressing contextual and cultural ambiguity of a nascent construct. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 81(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-0025.2010.01067.x
  • Ungar, M., Brown, M., Liebernberg, L., Othman, R., Kwong, W. M., Armstong, M., & Gilgun, J. (2007). Unique pathways to resilience across cultures. Adolescence, 42(166), 287–310.
  • UNHCR. (2022). Situation Syria Regional Refugee Response: Durable Solutions. Tarihinde adresinden erişildi https://data2.unhcr.org/en/situations/syria_durable_solutions#:~:text=Durable solutions for refugees from,access to resettlement in third
  • Van Der Noordt, M., IJzelenberg, H., Droomers, M., & Proper, K. I. (2014). Health effects of employment: a systematic review of prospective studies. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 71(10), 730–736. https://doi.org/10.1136/OEMED-2013-101891
  • Yıldırımalp, S., İslamoğlu, E., & İyen, C. (2017). Suriyeli Sığınmacıların Toplumsal Kabul ve Uyum Sürecine İlişkin Bir Araştırma. Bilgi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (2), 107–126.
  • Yılmaz Börekçi, D., & Gerçek, M. (2018). Evaluation Of “Resilience” Concept Regarding Its Turkish Usages In Social Sciences. Pamukkale University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 2018(30), 41–51. https://doi.org/10.5505/PAUSBED.2018.72473
Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sosyoloji
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Oktay Tatlıcıoğlu 0000-0002-1652-797X

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 13 Haziran 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Haziran 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 35

Kaynak Göster

APA Tatlıcıoğlu, O. (2023). Geçici Koruma Statüsü Altında Bulunan Suriyelilerde Psikolojik Dayanaklılık ile Sosyodemografik Değişkenler Arasındaki İlişki: Mardin Örneği. Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi, 11(35), 1021-1035. https://doi.org/10.33692/avrasyad.1269424

 27448 27618 27616   27615  27574 27609   27627


Avrasyad''de yayınlanan makaleler, Creative Commons Atıf-Gayriticari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY-NC 4.0) ile lisanslanmıştır. Bilimsel araştırmaları kamuya ücretsiz sunmanın bilginin küresel paylaşımını artıracağı ilkesini benimseyen dergi, tüm içeriğine anında açık erişim sağlamaktadır. Makalelerdeki fikir ve görüşlerin sorumluluğu sadece yazarlarına ait olup Avrasyad''nin görüşlerini yansıtmazlar. Kullanım Şartları ve Gizlilik Politikası