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Understanding John of Salisbury in The Light of Policraticus And Metalogicon

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 16, 86 - 93, 30.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.29157/etusbed.1264783

Öz

John of Salisbury is regarded as an important philosopher and writer for his studies on medieval philosophy and education. Among his best-known works are Metalogicon and Policraticus. Metalogicon is a book written in the 12th century on the education system of the Middle Ages. In this work, John focuses on language and rhetoric, and emphasizes the importance of logic in particular. Metalogicon is an important source for understanding the structure and content of the education system in the Middle Ages. Furthermore, due to his emphasis on the importance of expressing and understanding thoughts correctly, also contributed to modern thought. Policraticus is one of the most important works of medieval political thought. The book deals with topics such as sovereignty, laws, governance, and social justice. In this work, John argues that rulers must be just and honest in order to ensure the happiness of the people. Moreover, the other ideas presented in the book contributed to the development of political thought in medieval Europe. The works of John of Salisbury, Metalogicon and Policraticus, are considered as primary sources for studies on medieval philosophy, education, and political thought. Our study has specifically mentioned these two important works.

Kaynakça

  • Benedict XVI. (2011). Great Christian Thinkers: From the Early Church Through the Middle Ages. Minneapolis: Fortress Press.
  • Bloch, D. (2012). John of Salisbury on Aristotelian Science. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols.
  • Brozyna, M. A. (2005). (Ed.), Gender and Sexuality in the Middle Ages: A Medieval Source Documents Reader. North Caroliina: McFarland.
  • Can, K. (2020).“Tirana Direnmek: Salisburyli John ve Thomas Aquinas Karşılaştırılması”. Akademik İzdüşüm Dergisi, 5 (2), 281-294.
  • Carter, L.S. (2021). John Of Salİsbury: Colleague, Critic, And Sometime Counselor To Thomas Becket (Doctoral dissertation, Michigan State University).
  • Caruso, F. (2010).“On The Shoulders of Grammatica: John Of Salisbury’s Metalogicon and Poliziano’s Lamia”. Angelo Poliziano’s Lamia: Text, Translation, and Introductory Studies (Ed. Christopher S. Celenza). Leiden: Brill, 47-94.
  • Chopra, R. (2005). (Ed). Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Religion. Vol.2, India: Isha Books.
  • Gilchrist, B.J. (2013). The Metalogicon of John of Salisbury: Medieval Rhetoric as Educational Praxis (Doctoral dissertation, Duquesne University).
  • Grant, E. (2004). God and Reason in the Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Güler Sevli, S. (2022). “Tersinden Makyavelizm: Salisburyli John ve Tiranın Katli”. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler: Araştırma, Metodoloji ve Değerlendirme (Ed. Yüksel Akay Ünvan). Lyon: Livre de Lyon, 325-340.
  • Habib, M. A. R. (2005). A History of Literary Criticism: From Plato to the Present. Blackwell Publishing.
  • Habib, M. A. R. (2011). Literary Criticism from Plato to the Present: An Introduction. UK: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Hosler, J. D. (2013). John of Salisbury: Military Authority of the Twelfth-Century Renaissance. Leiden.
  • Jean de Salisbury. (2009). Metalogicon (Présentation, traduction, chronologie, index et notes par François Lejeune).
  • John of Salisbury. (1955). The Metalogicon: A Twelfth-Century Defence of the Verbal and Logical Arts of the Trivium (trans with an Introduction and Notes. Daniel McGarry). Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • John of Ssalisbury. (2007). Policraticus: Of the Frivolities of Courtiers and the Footprints of Philosophers (Ed. and Trans. Cary J. Nederman). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, xv-xxvi
  • Jones, B. (2019). Dictionary of World Biography. Sixth edition. Australia: ANU Press.
  • O’Daly, I. (2018). John of Salisbury and the Medieval Roman Renaissance. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  • Pinti, D. J. (2010). “Salisbury, John of (c. 1115–1180)”. Encyclopedia of Rhetoric and Composition: Communication from Ancient Times to the Information Age (Ed. Theresa Enos). New York: Routledge, 651-652.
  • Sayğı, D. (2021). Siyasal İktidar Konusuna Hristiyan ve Müslüman Düşünürlerin Yaklaşımı (9-16. Yüzyıllar Arası) (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü).
  • Taylor, Q. (2006). “John of Salisbury, the Policraticus, and Political Thought”. Humanitas, Vol. XIX, Nos.1 and 2, 133-157.
  • Uslu, A. (2021). Siyasal Düşüncelerin Toplumsal Tarihi-1. İstanbul: Yordam Kitap.
  • Wei, I. P. (2012). Intellectual Culture in Medieval Paris: Theologians and the University, c. 1100-1330. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Zinn, G.A. (1995). “John of Salisbury”. Medieval France: An Encylopedia (Ed. William W. Kibler and and Grover A. Zinn et al.). New York and London: Garland Publishing, 952-953.
  • Zinn, G. A. (2006). “John of Salisbury (ca. 1115–1180)”. Key Figures in Medieval European: An Encyclopedia, (Ed. Richard K. Emmersons), New York: Routledge, 380.

Policraticus ve Metalogicon Işığında Salisburyli John’u Anlamak

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 16, 86 - 93, 30.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.29157/etusbed.1264783

Öz

Salisburyli John, Orta Çağ felsefesi ve eğitimi üzerine yaptığı çalışmalarla önemli bir filozof ve yazar olarak kabul edilir. En iyi bilinen eserleri arasında Metalogicon ve Policraticus bulunur. Metalogicon, 12. yüzyılda Orta Çağ eğitim sistemi üzerine yazılmış bir kitaptır. John, bu eserde dil ve retorik konuları üzerinde durur ve özellikle mantığın önemini vurgular. Metalogicon, Orta Çağ eğitim sisteminin yapısını ve içeriğini anlamak için önemli bir kaynaktır. Ayrıca, düşüncelerin doğru ifade edilmesinin ve anlaşılmasının önemini vurgulaması nedeniyle, modern düşünceye de katkı sağlamıştır. Policraticus ise, Orta Çağ siyasi düşüncesinin en önemli eserlerinden biridir. Eser, hükümdarlık, yasalar, yönetim ve sosyal adalet gibi konuları ele alır. John, bu eserde, hükümdarların halkın mutluluğunu sağlamak için adaletli ve dürüst olmaları gerektiğini savunur. Ayrıca, kitapta yer alan diğer fikirler, Orta Çağ Avrupası’nda siyasi düşüncenin gelişimine katkı sağlamıştır. Salisburyli John’un Metalogicon ve Policraticus adlı eserleri, Orta Çağ felsefesi, eğitimi ve siyasi düşüncesi üzerine yapılan çalışmaların temel kaynakları arasındadır. Çalışmamızda bu iki önemli eserden ayrıntılı bir şekilde bahsedilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Benedict XVI. (2011). Great Christian Thinkers: From the Early Church Through the Middle Ages. Minneapolis: Fortress Press.
  • Bloch, D. (2012). John of Salisbury on Aristotelian Science. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols.
  • Brozyna, M. A. (2005). (Ed.), Gender and Sexuality in the Middle Ages: A Medieval Source Documents Reader. North Caroliina: McFarland.
  • Can, K. (2020).“Tirana Direnmek: Salisburyli John ve Thomas Aquinas Karşılaştırılması”. Akademik İzdüşüm Dergisi, 5 (2), 281-294.
  • Carter, L.S. (2021). John Of Salİsbury: Colleague, Critic, And Sometime Counselor To Thomas Becket (Doctoral dissertation, Michigan State University).
  • Caruso, F. (2010).“On The Shoulders of Grammatica: John Of Salisbury’s Metalogicon and Poliziano’s Lamia”. Angelo Poliziano’s Lamia: Text, Translation, and Introductory Studies (Ed. Christopher S. Celenza). Leiden: Brill, 47-94.
  • Chopra, R. (2005). (Ed). Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Religion. Vol.2, India: Isha Books.
  • Gilchrist, B.J. (2013). The Metalogicon of John of Salisbury: Medieval Rhetoric as Educational Praxis (Doctoral dissertation, Duquesne University).
  • Grant, E. (2004). God and Reason in the Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Güler Sevli, S. (2022). “Tersinden Makyavelizm: Salisburyli John ve Tiranın Katli”. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler: Araştırma, Metodoloji ve Değerlendirme (Ed. Yüksel Akay Ünvan). Lyon: Livre de Lyon, 325-340.
  • Habib, M. A. R. (2005). A History of Literary Criticism: From Plato to the Present. Blackwell Publishing.
  • Habib, M. A. R. (2011). Literary Criticism from Plato to the Present: An Introduction. UK: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Hosler, J. D. (2013). John of Salisbury: Military Authority of the Twelfth-Century Renaissance. Leiden.
  • Jean de Salisbury. (2009). Metalogicon (Présentation, traduction, chronologie, index et notes par François Lejeune).
  • John of Salisbury. (1955). The Metalogicon: A Twelfth-Century Defence of the Verbal and Logical Arts of the Trivium (trans with an Introduction and Notes. Daniel McGarry). Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • John of Ssalisbury. (2007). Policraticus: Of the Frivolities of Courtiers and the Footprints of Philosophers (Ed. and Trans. Cary J. Nederman). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, xv-xxvi
  • Jones, B. (2019). Dictionary of World Biography. Sixth edition. Australia: ANU Press.
  • O’Daly, I. (2018). John of Salisbury and the Medieval Roman Renaissance. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  • Pinti, D. J. (2010). “Salisbury, John of (c. 1115–1180)”. Encyclopedia of Rhetoric and Composition: Communication from Ancient Times to the Information Age (Ed. Theresa Enos). New York: Routledge, 651-652.
  • Sayğı, D. (2021). Siyasal İktidar Konusuna Hristiyan ve Müslüman Düşünürlerin Yaklaşımı (9-16. Yüzyıllar Arası) (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü).
  • Taylor, Q. (2006). “John of Salisbury, the Policraticus, and Political Thought”. Humanitas, Vol. XIX, Nos.1 and 2, 133-157.
  • Uslu, A. (2021). Siyasal Düşüncelerin Toplumsal Tarihi-1. İstanbul: Yordam Kitap.
  • Wei, I. P. (2012). Intellectual Culture in Medieval Paris: Theologians and the University, c. 1100-1330. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Zinn, G.A. (1995). “John of Salisbury”. Medieval France: An Encylopedia (Ed. William W. Kibler and and Grover A. Zinn et al.). New York and London: Garland Publishing, 952-953.
  • Zinn, G. A. (2006). “John of Salisbury (ca. 1115–1180)”. Key Figures in Medieval European: An Encyclopedia, (Ed. Richard K. Emmersons), New York: Routledge, 380.
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Banu Çetin Ünal 0000-0003-2651-6286

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 29 Nisan 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Sayı: 16

Kaynak Göster

APA Çetin Ünal, B. (2023). Policraticus ve Metalogicon Işığında Salisburyli John’u Anlamak. Erzurum Teknik Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(16), 86-93. https://doi.org/10.29157/etusbed.1264783

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