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Global climate change in contemporary art

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 429 - 452, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.17218/hititsbd.1177977

Öz

The relationship between nature and nature-human is one of the main subjects of art since cave drawings. Nature, which serves as a backdrop for the figure, becomes a topic in itself during the Renaissance and later. Along with the Industrial Revolution, the development of technology, the growth of cities, the change in the appearance of cities and pollution are evident in Claude Monet’s drawings on the River Thames in London. Burning too much coal to meet the demand for cheap and reliable energy, and the coal being burned without filtering, causes air pollution, which is revealed in the foggy image Monet loved in London and in his paintings. Umberto Boccioni, on the other hand, saw the steam coming out of trains and the exhaust gas coming out of cars as a reflection of the dynamic conditions of modern life and associated it with movement and progress. With factories and factory chimneys stripped of human presence and polluting the sky, Charles Sheeler was emphasizing a new landscape under the influence of industrialization. Although environmental pollution can be seen in these artworks, this was not the main thing that the artists wanted to bring to the agenda. As the end of the 20th century approaches, the issues of environmental pollution and climate change, which are mentioned together with land art, begin to be emphasized in contemporary art. In these artworks, the aim of the artists is to show the increasing and inevitable effects of climate change and to raise awareness. In this research with descriptive survey model, global climate change; analyzed through the artworks of prominent contemporary artists in this regard.

Kaynakça

  • Adams, D. (2014). Joseph Beuys: Pioneer of a radical ecology. Art Journal, 51(2), 26-34. doi:10.1080/00043249.1992.10791563
  • Agnes Denes web cite. (t.y.). Works. Erişim adresi: http://agnesdenesstudio.com/works7.html
  • Bijvoet, M. (2016). The greening of art: shifting positions between art and nature since 1965. Norderstedt: Books on Demand.
  • Briggs, H. (2020, 10 Aralık). Antroposen çağı: İnsan yapımı nesnelerin ağırlığı dünyadaki tüm canlıların ağırlığını aştı. BBC News. Erişim adresi: https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-55252792
  • Cabanne, P. (2009). Dialogues with Marcel Duchamp. United States of America: Da Capo Press.
  • Carrington, D. (2019, 17 Mayıs). Why the Guardian is changing the language it uses about the environment. The Guardian. Erişim adresi: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/may/17/why-the-guardian-is-changing-the-language-it-uses-about-the-environment
  • Chan, T. (2021, 3 Ekim). Tomás Saraceno’s environmental art implores us to live together differently. Wallpaper. Erişim adresi: https://www.wallpaper.com/art/tomas-saraceno-profile-environmental-art
  • Chen, T. (2021). Global Asias: On the structural incoherence of imaginable ageography. B. Huang ve V.Mendoza (Ed.), Asian American literature in transition, 1996-2020 (ss.311-330) içinde. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Chen, M. ve Shannon, C. (2020). Photography: A 21st century practice. London ve New York: Routledge.
  • Codognato, M. ve d’Argenzio, M. (Ed.). (2002). Echoes in the darkness: Jannis Kounellis, writings and interviews 1966–2002. London.
  • Cooke, L. (t.y.). Joseph Beuys: 7000 oaks. Erişim adresi: http://web.mit.edu/allanmc/www/cookebeuys.pdf
  • Crabos, C. (2017, 22 Şubat). In the shade of trees #1 Ai Weiwei- the tree recomposed. Sculpturenature. Erişim adresi: https://www.sculpturenature.com/en/in-the-shade-of-trees-1-ai-weiwei-the-tree-recomposed/
  • De Vicente, J.L. (2017, 22 Kasım). After the end of the world. IAAC. Erişim adresi: https://www.iaacblog.com/life/jose-luis-de-vicente-after-the-end-of-the-world/
  • Demony, C. ve Moura, V.S. (2021, 22 Temmuz). Ai Weiwei unveils giant iron tree to warn people what they risk losing. Reuters. Erişim adresi: https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/ai-weiwei-unveils-giant-iron-tree-warn-people-what-they-risk-losing-2021-07-22/
  • Demos, T.J., Scott, E.E. ve Banerjee, S. (2021). Introduction. T.J. Demos, E.E. Scott ve S. Banerjee (Ed.), The Routledge companion to contemporary art, visual culture, and climate change içinde. New York: Routledge.
  • Dia. (t.y.). Joseph Beuys, 7000 oaks. Erişim adresi: https://www.diaart.org/visit/visit-our-locations-sites/joseph-beuys-7000-oaks/
  • Gabrys, J. ve Yusoff, K. (2012). Arts, sciences and climate change: Practices and politics at the threshold. Science as Culture, 21(1), 1-24. doi:10.1080/09505431.2010.550139
  • Gallery Paris-Beijing. (t.y.). From the new world Yang Yongliang, January 15 - March 07, 2015. Erişim adresi: http://www.galerieparisbeijing.com/exhibition/yang-yongliang-from-the-new-world/
  • Gallery Paris-Beijing. (t.y.). Yang Yongliang. Erişim adresi: http://www.galerieparisbeijing.com/artist/yang-yongliang/
  • Giannachi, G. (2012). Representing, performing and mitigating climate change in contemporary art practice. Leonardo, 45(2), 125-131. doi:10.1162/LEON_a_00278
  • Haberman, C. ve Johnston, L. (1982, 2 Ağustos). Urban waves of grain. New York Times. Erişim adresi: https://www.nytimes.com/1982/08/02/nyregion/new-york-day-by-day-057239.html
  • Hicks, A. (2015). Küresel sanat pusulası: 21.yüzyıl sanatında yeni yönelimler. (D. Şendil, M. Haydaroğlu ve S. Evren, Çev.). İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları.
  • Hoban, P. (2019, 6 Kasım). Agnes Denes’s prophetic wheatfield remains as relevant as ever. Architectural Digest. Erişim adresi: https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/agnes-denes-prophetic-wheatfield-remains-as-relevant-as-ever
  • Hosseini, A. (2019, 11 Mart). Olafur Eliasson’s ‘ice watch. Hypotheses, Bilderfahrzeuge. Erişim adresi: https://bilderfahrzeuge.hypotheses.org/3528
  • Jacobs, B. (2021, 21 Haziran). Why planting a tree is a radical act. BBC, Culture. Erişim adresi: https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20210618-joseph-beuys-the-original-eco-activist
  • Karakurt, D. (2021). Ekoloji ve kadının kesişim noktası: Ekofeminizm. Gaia Dergi. Erişim adresi: https://gaiadergi.com/ekoloji-ve-kadinin-kesisim-noktasi-ekofeminizm/
  • Lisson Gallery Press Release. (t.y.). Ai Weiwei: roots, London, 2 October – 2 November 2019. Erişim adresi: https://www.lissongallery.com/exhibitions/ai-weiwei-roots
  • Luke, B. (2018, 12 Aralık). Olafur Eliasson and Minik Rosing’s ice watch review: Big freeze comes early with an urgent warning of climate crisis. Evening Standard, Culture. Erişim adresi: https://www.standard.co.uk/culture/olafur-eliasson-and-minik-rosings-ice-watch-review-big-freeze-comes-early-with-an-urgent-warning-of-climate-crisis-a4015216.html
  • Meecham, P. ve Sheldon, J. (2000). Modern art: A critical introduction. London ve New York: Routledge.
  • O’Doherty, B. (2010). Beyaz küpün içinde: Galeri mekanının ideolojisi. (A. Antmen, Çev.). İstanbul: Sel Yayıncılık.
  • Public Delivery (2021, 4 Aralık). Joseph Beuys’ ambitious plan to plant 7000 oaks. Erişim adresi: https://publicdelivery.org/joseph-beuys-7000-oaks/
  • Public Delivery (2021, 18 Ekim). Olafur Eliasson’s ice watch was slowly disappearing. Erişim adresi: https://publicdelivery.org/olafur-eliasson-ice-watch/
  • Public Delivery (2021, 18 Ekim). Why did Agnes Denes create this wheatfield in New York? Erişim adresi: https://publicdelivery.org/agnes-denes-wheatfield/
  • Ross, A. (2016). Climate change. J. Adamson, W.A. Gleason ve D. Pellow (Ed.), Keywords for environmental studies içinde. New York: New York University Press.
  • Shepard, P. (2002). Man in the landscape: A historic view of the esthetics of nature. Athens: University of Georgia Press.
  • Steer, E. (2019, 3 Ekim). Why Ai Weiwei’s roots are more relevant now than ever. Elephant. Erişim adresi: https://elephant.art/ai-weiweis-roots-relevant-now-ever/
  • Studio Tomás Saraceno. (t.y.). Moving atmospheres, Garage Museum of Contemporary Art – Atrium Commission Moscow, Russia September 11, 2020 – February 14, 2021, curated by Iaroslav Volovod. Erişim adresi: https://studiotomassaraceno.org/moving-atmospheres/
  • Taplin, R. (2014). Contemporary climate change art as the abstract machine: Ethico-aesthetics and futures orientation. Leonardo, 47(5), 509–510. doi:10.1162/LEON_a_00827
  • Türe, C. (2016). Küresel iklim değişikliğinin toplumsal algısında görsel sanatların rolü. Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi, 6(6), 224-239. doi: 10.20488/austd.88679
  • Van Bogaert, P. (2018, 27 Haziran). The end (or how to deal with it) meeting Lotte van den Berg. Grand Tour 2020. Erişim adresi: https://grandtour2020.wordpress.com/tag/lotte-van-den-berg/
  • Yongliang, Y. (t.y.). A. Strecker tarafından gerçekleştirilen röportaj. Interview with Yang Yongliang, Lens Culture. Erişim adresi: https://www.lensculture.com/articles/yang-yongliang-artificial-wonderland
  • Wilson, S. (2002). Information arts: Intersections of art, science, and technology. London: The MIT Press Cambridge.

Küresel iklim değişikliğinin çağdaş sanata yansımaları

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 429 - 452, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.17218/hititsbd.1177977

Öz

Doğa ve doğa-insan ilişkisi, mağara çizimlerinden itibaren sanatın ana konularından biridir. Figüre fon olarak hizmet eden doğa, Rönesans ve sonrası başlı başına bir konu haline gelir. Sanayi Devrimi ile birlikte, teknolojinin gelişmesi, şehirlerin kalabalıklaşarak büyümesi, şehirlerin görünümündeki değişim ve kirlilik Claude Monet’nin Londra’daki Thames Nehri üzerindeki çizimlerinde belirgin olarak görülür. Ucuz ve güvenilir enerji talebini karşılamak için çok fazla kömür yakılması ve kömürün filtrelenmeden yakılmış olması hava kirliliğine neden olur ve bu da Monet’nin Londra’da sevdiği ve resimlerindeki sisli görüntü ile açığa çıkar. Umberto Boccioni ise trenlerden çıkan buhar ve arabalardan çıkan egzoz gazını modern hayatın dinamik koşullarının yansıması olarak görmüş ve hareket ve ilerleme ile ilişkilendirmiştir. İnsan varlığından arındırılmış ve göğe kirliliği bırakan fabrikalar ve fabrika bacaları ile Charles Sheeler, sanayileşmenin etkisinde yeni bir manzarayı vurgulamıştır. Bu eserlerde çevre kirliliği görülmesine karşın, sanatçıların gündeme getirmek istedikleri asıl şey bu değildi. Arazi sanatı ile birlikte değinilen çevre kirliliği ve iklim değişikliği konuları, 20. yüzyılın sonlarına yaklaşıldıkça çağdaş sanatta belirgin bir şekilde vurgulanmaya başlanır. Bu eserlerde sanatçıların amacı, iklim değişikliğinin giderek artan ve kaçınılmaz etkilerini göstermek ve farkındalık yaratmak üzerinedir. Betimsel tarama modelli bu araştırmada küresel iklim değişikliği; bu konuda öne çıkan çağdaş sanatçıların çalışmaları üzerinden incelenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Adams, D. (2014). Joseph Beuys: Pioneer of a radical ecology. Art Journal, 51(2), 26-34. doi:10.1080/00043249.1992.10791563
  • Agnes Denes web cite. (t.y.). Works. Erişim adresi: http://agnesdenesstudio.com/works7.html
  • Bijvoet, M. (2016). The greening of art: shifting positions between art and nature since 1965. Norderstedt: Books on Demand.
  • Briggs, H. (2020, 10 Aralık). Antroposen çağı: İnsan yapımı nesnelerin ağırlığı dünyadaki tüm canlıların ağırlığını aştı. BBC News. Erişim adresi: https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-55252792
  • Cabanne, P. (2009). Dialogues with Marcel Duchamp. United States of America: Da Capo Press.
  • Carrington, D. (2019, 17 Mayıs). Why the Guardian is changing the language it uses about the environment. The Guardian. Erişim adresi: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/may/17/why-the-guardian-is-changing-the-language-it-uses-about-the-environment
  • Chan, T. (2021, 3 Ekim). Tomás Saraceno’s environmental art implores us to live together differently. Wallpaper. Erişim adresi: https://www.wallpaper.com/art/tomas-saraceno-profile-environmental-art
  • Chen, T. (2021). Global Asias: On the structural incoherence of imaginable ageography. B. Huang ve V.Mendoza (Ed.), Asian American literature in transition, 1996-2020 (ss.311-330) içinde. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Chen, M. ve Shannon, C. (2020). Photography: A 21st century practice. London ve New York: Routledge.
  • Codognato, M. ve d’Argenzio, M. (Ed.). (2002). Echoes in the darkness: Jannis Kounellis, writings and interviews 1966–2002. London.
  • Cooke, L. (t.y.). Joseph Beuys: 7000 oaks. Erişim adresi: http://web.mit.edu/allanmc/www/cookebeuys.pdf
  • Crabos, C. (2017, 22 Şubat). In the shade of trees #1 Ai Weiwei- the tree recomposed. Sculpturenature. Erişim adresi: https://www.sculpturenature.com/en/in-the-shade-of-trees-1-ai-weiwei-the-tree-recomposed/
  • De Vicente, J.L. (2017, 22 Kasım). After the end of the world. IAAC. Erişim adresi: https://www.iaacblog.com/life/jose-luis-de-vicente-after-the-end-of-the-world/
  • Demony, C. ve Moura, V.S. (2021, 22 Temmuz). Ai Weiwei unveils giant iron tree to warn people what they risk losing. Reuters. Erişim adresi: https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/ai-weiwei-unveils-giant-iron-tree-warn-people-what-they-risk-losing-2021-07-22/
  • Demos, T.J., Scott, E.E. ve Banerjee, S. (2021). Introduction. T.J. Demos, E.E. Scott ve S. Banerjee (Ed.), The Routledge companion to contemporary art, visual culture, and climate change içinde. New York: Routledge.
  • Dia. (t.y.). Joseph Beuys, 7000 oaks. Erişim adresi: https://www.diaart.org/visit/visit-our-locations-sites/joseph-beuys-7000-oaks/
  • Gabrys, J. ve Yusoff, K. (2012). Arts, sciences and climate change: Practices and politics at the threshold. Science as Culture, 21(1), 1-24. doi:10.1080/09505431.2010.550139
  • Gallery Paris-Beijing. (t.y.). From the new world Yang Yongliang, January 15 - March 07, 2015. Erişim adresi: http://www.galerieparisbeijing.com/exhibition/yang-yongliang-from-the-new-world/
  • Gallery Paris-Beijing. (t.y.). Yang Yongliang. Erişim adresi: http://www.galerieparisbeijing.com/artist/yang-yongliang/
  • Giannachi, G. (2012). Representing, performing and mitigating climate change in contemporary art practice. Leonardo, 45(2), 125-131. doi:10.1162/LEON_a_00278
  • Haberman, C. ve Johnston, L. (1982, 2 Ağustos). Urban waves of grain. New York Times. Erişim adresi: https://www.nytimes.com/1982/08/02/nyregion/new-york-day-by-day-057239.html
  • Hicks, A. (2015). Küresel sanat pusulası: 21.yüzyıl sanatında yeni yönelimler. (D. Şendil, M. Haydaroğlu ve S. Evren, Çev.). İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları.
  • Hoban, P. (2019, 6 Kasım). Agnes Denes’s prophetic wheatfield remains as relevant as ever. Architectural Digest. Erişim adresi: https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/agnes-denes-prophetic-wheatfield-remains-as-relevant-as-ever
  • Hosseini, A. (2019, 11 Mart). Olafur Eliasson’s ‘ice watch. Hypotheses, Bilderfahrzeuge. Erişim adresi: https://bilderfahrzeuge.hypotheses.org/3528
  • Jacobs, B. (2021, 21 Haziran). Why planting a tree is a radical act. BBC, Culture. Erişim adresi: https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20210618-joseph-beuys-the-original-eco-activist
  • Karakurt, D. (2021). Ekoloji ve kadının kesişim noktası: Ekofeminizm. Gaia Dergi. Erişim adresi: https://gaiadergi.com/ekoloji-ve-kadinin-kesisim-noktasi-ekofeminizm/
  • Lisson Gallery Press Release. (t.y.). Ai Weiwei: roots, London, 2 October – 2 November 2019. Erişim adresi: https://www.lissongallery.com/exhibitions/ai-weiwei-roots
  • Luke, B. (2018, 12 Aralık). Olafur Eliasson and Minik Rosing’s ice watch review: Big freeze comes early with an urgent warning of climate crisis. Evening Standard, Culture. Erişim adresi: https://www.standard.co.uk/culture/olafur-eliasson-and-minik-rosings-ice-watch-review-big-freeze-comes-early-with-an-urgent-warning-of-climate-crisis-a4015216.html
  • Meecham, P. ve Sheldon, J. (2000). Modern art: A critical introduction. London ve New York: Routledge.
  • O’Doherty, B. (2010). Beyaz küpün içinde: Galeri mekanının ideolojisi. (A. Antmen, Çev.). İstanbul: Sel Yayıncılık.
  • Public Delivery (2021, 4 Aralık). Joseph Beuys’ ambitious plan to plant 7000 oaks. Erişim adresi: https://publicdelivery.org/joseph-beuys-7000-oaks/
  • Public Delivery (2021, 18 Ekim). Olafur Eliasson’s ice watch was slowly disappearing. Erişim adresi: https://publicdelivery.org/olafur-eliasson-ice-watch/
  • Public Delivery (2021, 18 Ekim). Why did Agnes Denes create this wheatfield in New York? Erişim adresi: https://publicdelivery.org/agnes-denes-wheatfield/
  • Ross, A. (2016). Climate change. J. Adamson, W.A. Gleason ve D. Pellow (Ed.), Keywords for environmental studies içinde. New York: New York University Press.
  • Shepard, P. (2002). Man in the landscape: A historic view of the esthetics of nature. Athens: University of Georgia Press.
  • Steer, E. (2019, 3 Ekim). Why Ai Weiwei’s roots are more relevant now than ever. Elephant. Erişim adresi: https://elephant.art/ai-weiweis-roots-relevant-now-ever/
  • Studio Tomás Saraceno. (t.y.). Moving atmospheres, Garage Museum of Contemporary Art – Atrium Commission Moscow, Russia September 11, 2020 – February 14, 2021, curated by Iaroslav Volovod. Erişim adresi: https://studiotomassaraceno.org/moving-atmospheres/
  • Taplin, R. (2014). Contemporary climate change art as the abstract machine: Ethico-aesthetics and futures orientation. Leonardo, 47(5), 509–510. doi:10.1162/LEON_a_00827
  • Türe, C. (2016). Küresel iklim değişikliğinin toplumsal algısında görsel sanatların rolü. Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi, 6(6), 224-239. doi: 10.20488/austd.88679
  • Van Bogaert, P. (2018, 27 Haziran). The end (or how to deal with it) meeting Lotte van den Berg. Grand Tour 2020. Erişim adresi: https://grandtour2020.wordpress.com/tag/lotte-van-den-berg/
  • Yongliang, Y. (t.y.). A. Strecker tarafından gerçekleştirilen röportaj. Interview with Yang Yongliang, Lens Culture. Erişim adresi: https://www.lensculture.com/articles/yang-yongliang-artificial-wonderland
  • Wilson, S. (2002). Information arts: Intersections of art, science, and technology. London: The MIT Press Cambridge.
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Figen Girgin 0000-0002-5747-6769

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Eylül 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Girgin, F. (2022). Küresel iklim değişikliğinin çağdaş sanata yansımaları. Hitit Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15(2), 429-452. https://doi.org/10.17218/hititsbd.1177977
                                                     Hitit Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi  Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.