BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

-

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 53 - 70, 24.07.2015
https://doi.org/10.17218/husbed.45670

Öz

considered to be recovery.A good recovery is a process of recovering from fatique caused by athlete’s training or competition and that allows energy reserves to fill again. Today the athletes in the most sports have applied to hard trainings by 2-3 times a day.The players who plays in the top level soccer clubs,plays in an international soccer cup match,league matches,national cup match or in their own country’s national games in the same week. This situation exposes the athletes in competitions and trainings by physiolgical stress and journey with stress. This stressful training, competitions and trips can cause transient decreases in performance of athletes. The loadings without the full recovery bring about chronic fatigue and it can cause injuries to the athletes.To avoid overtraining syndrome and to get optimum performance ,the physiological and psychological training of athletes as part of the programming is required.Optimum performance will be possible to maintain the balance between load and recovery. Thefore ,stretching,massage,the therapies at which entering the water at various temperatures,contrast baths or showers,aerobic runnings,swimming,low intensity activities such as walking at pool,should be used to speed up recovery after strenuous training or competition. Creation and implementation of a prospective recovery program,training and competiton for athletes rested the next rise and thus will lead to an increase in competition and training performances. The aim of this study is to examine the literature studies regarding the recovery, investigate the effect on the performance of the recovery and the reference is to the studies on this issue

Kaynakça

  • ALEMDAROĞLU U, Koz M, (2011). Egzersiz sonrası Toparlanma:Toparlanma çeşitleri ve yöntemleri.Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci;3(1)
  • ANDERSSON H, Raastad T, Nilson J, Paulsen G, Garthe I, Kadi F (2008). Neuromuscular fatigue and recovery in elite female soccer;effects of active recovery. Med.Sci Sport Exerc.40(2),372-80.
  • ARSLAN E, Hazır T, Şahin Z, Hazır S, Karakoç B, Aşçı A, et.al. (2006). [Effect of passive and active recovery at various intensities on blood lactate removal rate after supramaximal leg exercise in young soccer players]. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi;17(3):112-23.
  • BALDARI C, Videira M, Madeira F, Sergio J, Guidetti L. (2004). Lactate removal during active recovery related to the individual anaerobic and ventilatory thresholds in soccer players. Eur J Appl Physiol;93(1-2):224-30.
  • BALSOM PD, Seger JY, Sjödin B, Ekblom B. (1992). Maximal-intensity intermittent exercise: Effect of recovery duration. Int J Sports Med;13(7):528-33.
  • BANGSBO J, Graham T, Johansen L, Saltin B. (1994). Muscle lactate metabolism in recovery from intense exhaustive exercise: impact of light exercise. J Appl Physiol;77(4):1890-5.
  • BARNETT A. (2006). Using recovery modalities between training sessions in elite athletes does it help?Sports Med.;36(9):781-96.
  • BELCASTRO AN, Bonen A. (1975). Lactic acid removal rates dudng controlled and uncontrolled recovery exercise. J Appi Physiol;39(6): 932-6.
  • BISHOP AP, Eric J, Krista W. (2008). Recovery from training: a brief review. J Strenght Cond Res;22(3):1015-24.
  • BOGDANIS GC., Nevill ME., Boobis LH., Lakomy HK and Nevill AM. (1995). Recovery of power output and muscle metabolites following 30 s of maximal sprint cycling in man. J.Phys.;482(pt2):467-80.
  • BOMPA TO, Gregory H. Rest and recovery. (2009). In: Bahrke MS, Ewing S, eds. Periodization: Theoryand Methodology of Training. 5th ed.Leeds: Human Kinetics Publishers; p.99-107
  • BOSAK A, Bishop P, Smith J, Green M, Richardson M, Iosia M. (2006). Impact of cold water immersion on 5 km racing performance. Medicine and science in sport and exercise. 38(5) supplement;S233.
  • BURKE LM, Loucks AB, Broad N. (2006). Energy and carbohydrate for training and recovery. J Sports Sci;24(7):675-85.
  • COCHRANE DJ. (2004). Alternating hot and cold water immersion for athlete recovery: a review. PhysTher Sport;5(1):26-32.
  • COFFEY V, Leveritt M, Gill N. (2004). Effect of recovery modality on 4-hour repeated treadmill running performance and changes in physiological variables. J Sci Med Sport;7(1):1-10.
  • DAWSON B,Gow S,Modra S,Bishop D and Steward G. (2005). Effects of immediate postgame recovery procedures on muscle soreness,power and flexibility levels over the next 48 hours. J Sci Med Sport,8(2),210-221.
  • ERNST E. (1998). Does post-exercise massage treatment reduce delayed onset muscle soreness? A systemic review. Br J Sports Med. 32(3);212-4.
  • HALL VG, Saris WH, Wagenmakers AJ. (1998). Effect of carbohydrate supplementatıon on plasma glutamıne during prolonged exercise and recovery. Int.J.Sport Med. 19(2);82-86.
  • ISPIRLIDIS I, Fatouros IG, Jamurtas AZ, Nikolaidis MG, Dourodous I. (2008). Time course of changes in inflammatory and performance responses following a soccer game.Clin J Sport Med 18(5),423-31.
  • IVY JL and et all (1988). Muscle glycogen synthesis after exercise;Effect of time of corbohyrate ingestion. J.of applied Phys.65,2018-2023.
  • JEFFREYS I (2007). Post game recovery strategies for rugby. NSCA’s performance training journal,6(4),13-16.
  • JEFFREYS I (2005). A Multidimensional Approach to Enhancing Recovery. Strength and Conditioning Journal. 27(5),78-85.
  • JEMNI M, Sands WA, Friemel F, Delamarche P. (2003). Effect of active and passive recovery on blood lactate and performance during simulated competition in high level gymnasts. Can J Appl Physiol;28(2):240-56.
  • JOHANSEN LB, Jensen TUS, Pump B,et al. (1997). Contributıon of abdomen and legs to central blood volume expansion in humans during immersion. J Appl Phy. 83(3):695- 99.
  • KÖSEOĞLU A, Kin, A. (2008). Supramaksimal bir bacak egzersizi sonrası farklı sürelerde uygulanan bacak masajının toparlanmaya etkisi. 10.Uluslararası Spor Bilimleri Kongresi Özet Kitabı. p. 49.
  • LANE KN, Wenger HA. (2004). Effect of selected recovery conditions on performance of repeated bouts of intermittent cycling separated by 24 hours. J.Strength Con. Res.2004;18(4):855-60.
  • MACLAREN, D. (2003). Nutrition in Science and Soccer. (edit by T Reily and AM Williams). London: Routledge,73-95.
  • MALM C, Ekblom O and Ekblom B. (2004). Immune system alteration in response to two consecutive soccer games. Acta physiological scandinavica,180,143-155.
  • MAUGHAN RJ (1991). Fluıd and electrolyte loss and replacement in exercise. J.of Sports Sciences,9(special issue),117-142.
  • MERLAU S. (2005). Recovery time optimization to facilitate motor learning during sprint intervals. NSCA ;27(2):68-74.
  • MILES MP, Pearson SD, Andring JM. (2007). Effect of carbonhyrate intake during recovery from eccentric exercise on interleukin 6 and muscle damage markers. Int. J.Sport Nut.Exerc.Metab.17(6);507-20.
  • MUSTAFA KY, Mahmoud N. (1979). Evaporative water loss in African soccer players. J.of Sport Med. And Physical Fitness,19,181-183
  • NAKAMURA K, Takahashi H, Shimai S, Tanaka M. (1996). Effects of immersion in tepid bath water on recovery from fatigue after submaximal exercise in man. Ergonomics;39(2): 257-66.
  • NORMAN B., Colliander GD., Jansson E., Tesch P., Thorsson A. (1986). A muscle fatigue and recovery pattern in relation to muscle energy metabolites (abstract). Acta Physiol Scand;128:28 A.
  • REILLY T, Ekblom B. (2005). The use of recovery methods post-exercise. J Sports Sci;23(6): 619-27.
  • ROBERTSON A, Watt JM, Galloway SDR. (2004). Effects of leg massage on recovery from high intensity cycling exercise. Br J Sports Med;38(2):173-6.
  • ROWLANDS DS, Thorp RM, Rossler K, Graham DF, Rockell MJ. (2007). Effect of protein-rich feding on recovery after intense exercise. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab;17(6):521-43.
  • SILVA JM. (1990). An analysis of the training stress syndrome in competitive athletics. J Applied Sport Psychol;2(1):5-20.
  • SMITH LL, Keating MN, Holbert D, Spratt DJ, Mc Cammon MR, Smith SS, et al. (1994). The effects of athlete massage on delayed onset muscle soreness, creatine kinase and neutropil count: a preliminary report. J Orthop Sports Physther;19(2):93-9.
  • SPORER BC, Wenger HA. (2003). Effects of aerobic exercise on strength performance following various periods of recovery. J Strength Cond Res;17(4):638-44.
  • TESSITORE A, Meeusen R, Cortis C, Capranica L. (2007). Effects of different recovery interventions on anaerobic performances following preseason soccer training. J. Stretigfh Cond. Res;21(3):745-50.
  • TIIDUS PM, Shoemaker JK. (1995). Effleurage massage, muscle blood flow and long term postexercise recovery. Int J Sports Med;16(7):478-83.
  • THORLUND JB, Aagaard P, Madsen K. (2009). Rapid muscle forces capacity changes after soccer match play. Int.J Sport Med. 30(4),273-8.
  • VAN HALL G, Shirreffs SM, Calbet JA. (2000). Muscle glycogen resynthesis during recovery from cycle exercise: no effect of additional protein ingestion. J Appl Physiol;88(5):1631-6.
  • VAILE J, Gill N, Blazevich AJ. (2007). The effect of contrast water therapy on symptoms of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and explosive athietic performance. J Strength Cond Res;21(3):697-702.
  • VAILE J, Halson S, Gill N, Dawson B. (2008). Effect of hydrotherapy on recovery from fatigue. Int J Sports Med;29(7):539-44.
  • VIITASALO JT, Niemelä K, Kaappola R, Korjus T, Levola M, Mononen HV, et al. (1995). Warm underwater water-jet massage improves recovery from intense physical exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol;71(5):431-8.
  • VIRU A. (1995). Adaptation in sport training. Boca Raton,FL;CRC Press. WATERHOUSE JM, Minors DS, Waterhouse ME, Reily T, Atkinson G. (2003). Keeping in time with your body clock. 1st ed. Oxford :Oxford University Press; page;199.
  • WILLCOCK IM, Cronin JB, Hing WA. (2006). Physiological response to water immersion: a method for sport recovery? Sports Med;36(9):747-65.
  • WILLIAMS MB, Raven PB, Fogt DL, Ivy JL. (2003). Effects of recovery beverages on glycogen restoration and endurance exercise performance. J Strength Cond Res;17(1):12-9.
  • WILLMERT N, Porcari JP, Foster C, Doberstein S, Brice G. (2002). The effects of oxygenated water on exercise physiology during incremental exercise and recovery. JEP online;5(4):16-2.

SPORDA TOPARLANMA STRATEJİLERİ

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 53 - 70, 24.07.2015
https://doi.org/10.17218/husbed.45670

Öz

Herhangi bir egzersizden sonra organizmanın normale dönme süreci toparlanma
olarak değerlendirilmektedir. İyi bir toparlanma, sporcunun antrenman ya da yarışma
sonucunda meydana gelen yorgunluktan kurtulmasına ve enerji rezervlerinin tekrar
dolmasına imkan sağlayan bir süreçtir. Günümüzde çoğu spor dallarında sporcular
günde 2-3 kez oldukça zorlayıcı antrenmanlar uygulamaktadırlar. Hatta üst düzey
kulüplerde görev yapan futbolcular aynı hafta içinde uluslararası bir kupa maçı, lig
maçı, ulusal kupa maçı veya kendi ülkesinin milli maçında görev yapmak zorunda
kalabilmektedirler. Bu durum sporcuları müsabakalarda ve antrenmanlarda yaşadıkları
fizyolojik stresin yanı sıra yolculuk stresi ile de karşı karşıya bırakmaktadır. Bu stresli
antrenman, yarışmalar ve yolculuklar sporcuların performanslarında geçici düşüşlere
yol açabilmektedir. Tam toparlanma gerçekleşmeden yapılan yüklenmeler sporcunun
yorgunluğunun kronikleşmesine, kronik yorgunluk ise sporcunun sakatlanmasına
neden olabilmektedir. Aşırı antrenman sendromundan kaçınmak ve optimum
performansı yakalamak için sporcuların fizyolojik ve psikolojik toparlanmalarının
antrenmanın bir parçası olarak programlanması gerekmektedir. Sporcuların tam bir
toparlanma sağlamaları için uzun zamandır spor bilimciler ve antrenörler en uygun
toparlanma yöntemini bulmak için çaba harcamaktadırlar. Optimum performans
,yüklenme ile toparlanma arasında dengenin sağlanması ile mümkün olacaktır.Bu
nedenle,stretching, masaj,çeşitli ısılardaki suya girme terapileri,kontrast banyo veya
duşlar,aerobik koşular,yüzme,havuzda yürüme gibi düşük şiddetli aktiviteler,yorucu
antrenman veya müsabaka sonrası toparlanmayı hızlandırmak amacıyla
kullanılmalıdır. İleriye dönük toparlanma programlarının oluşturulması ve uygulanması
,sporcuların bir sonraki antrenman ve müsabakaya dinlenmiş olarak çıkmasına ve
dolayısıyla müsabaka ve antrenman performanslarının yükselmesine neden olacaktır.
Bu çalışmanın amacı literatür de toparlanmayla ilgili yapılmış çalışmaları inceleyerek
toparlanmanın performans üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak ve bu konuda daha sonra
yapılacak çalışmalara referans olmaktır.

Kaynakça

  • ALEMDAROĞLU U, Koz M, (2011). Egzersiz sonrası Toparlanma:Toparlanma çeşitleri ve yöntemleri.Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci;3(1)
  • ANDERSSON H, Raastad T, Nilson J, Paulsen G, Garthe I, Kadi F (2008). Neuromuscular fatigue and recovery in elite female soccer;effects of active recovery. Med.Sci Sport Exerc.40(2),372-80.
  • ARSLAN E, Hazır T, Şahin Z, Hazır S, Karakoç B, Aşçı A, et.al. (2006). [Effect of passive and active recovery at various intensities on blood lactate removal rate after supramaximal leg exercise in young soccer players]. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi;17(3):112-23.
  • BALDARI C, Videira M, Madeira F, Sergio J, Guidetti L. (2004). Lactate removal during active recovery related to the individual anaerobic and ventilatory thresholds in soccer players. Eur J Appl Physiol;93(1-2):224-30.
  • BALSOM PD, Seger JY, Sjödin B, Ekblom B. (1992). Maximal-intensity intermittent exercise: Effect of recovery duration. Int J Sports Med;13(7):528-33.
  • BANGSBO J, Graham T, Johansen L, Saltin B. (1994). Muscle lactate metabolism in recovery from intense exhaustive exercise: impact of light exercise. J Appl Physiol;77(4):1890-5.
  • BARNETT A. (2006). Using recovery modalities between training sessions in elite athletes does it help?Sports Med.;36(9):781-96.
  • BELCASTRO AN, Bonen A. (1975). Lactic acid removal rates dudng controlled and uncontrolled recovery exercise. J Appi Physiol;39(6): 932-6.
  • BISHOP AP, Eric J, Krista W. (2008). Recovery from training: a brief review. J Strenght Cond Res;22(3):1015-24.
  • BOGDANIS GC., Nevill ME., Boobis LH., Lakomy HK and Nevill AM. (1995). Recovery of power output and muscle metabolites following 30 s of maximal sprint cycling in man. J.Phys.;482(pt2):467-80.
  • BOMPA TO, Gregory H. Rest and recovery. (2009). In: Bahrke MS, Ewing S, eds. Periodization: Theoryand Methodology of Training. 5th ed.Leeds: Human Kinetics Publishers; p.99-107
  • BOSAK A, Bishop P, Smith J, Green M, Richardson M, Iosia M. (2006). Impact of cold water immersion on 5 km racing performance. Medicine and science in sport and exercise. 38(5) supplement;S233.
  • BURKE LM, Loucks AB, Broad N. (2006). Energy and carbohydrate for training and recovery. J Sports Sci;24(7):675-85.
  • COCHRANE DJ. (2004). Alternating hot and cold water immersion for athlete recovery: a review. PhysTher Sport;5(1):26-32.
  • COFFEY V, Leveritt M, Gill N. (2004). Effect of recovery modality on 4-hour repeated treadmill running performance and changes in physiological variables. J Sci Med Sport;7(1):1-10.
  • DAWSON B,Gow S,Modra S,Bishop D and Steward G. (2005). Effects of immediate postgame recovery procedures on muscle soreness,power and flexibility levels over the next 48 hours. J Sci Med Sport,8(2),210-221.
  • ERNST E. (1998). Does post-exercise massage treatment reduce delayed onset muscle soreness? A systemic review. Br J Sports Med. 32(3);212-4.
  • HALL VG, Saris WH, Wagenmakers AJ. (1998). Effect of carbohydrate supplementatıon on plasma glutamıne during prolonged exercise and recovery. Int.J.Sport Med. 19(2);82-86.
  • ISPIRLIDIS I, Fatouros IG, Jamurtas AZ, Nikolaidis MG, Dourodous I. (2008). Time course of changes in inflammatory and performance responses following a soccer game.Clin J Sport Med 18(5),423-31.
  • IVY JL and et all (1988). Muscle glycogen synthesis after exercise;Effect of time of corbohyrate ingestion. J.of applied Phys.65,2018-2023.
  • JEFFREYS I (2007). Post game recovery strategies for rugby. NSCA’s performance training journal,6(4),13-16.
  • JEFFREYS I (2005). A Multidimensional Approach to Enhancing Recovery. Strength and Conditioning Journal. 27(5),78-85.
  • JEMNI M, Sands WA, Friemel F, Delamarche P. (2003). Effect of active and passive recovery on blood lactate and performance during simulated competition in high level gymnasts. Can J Appl Physiol;28(2):240-56.
  • JOHANSEN LB, Jensen TUS, Pump B,et al. (1997). Contributıon of abdomen and legs to central blood volume expansion in humans during immersion. J Appl Phy. 83(3):695- 99.
  • KÖSEOĞLU A, Kin, A. (2008). Supramaksimal bir bacak egzersizi sonrası farklı sürelerde uygulanan bacak masajının toparlanmaya etkisi. 10.Uluslararası Spor Bilimleri Kongresi Özet Kitabı. p. 49.
  • LANE KN, Wenger HA. (2004). Effect of selected recovery conditions on performance of repeated bouts of intermittent cycling separated by 24 hours. J.Strength Con. Res.2004;18(4):855-60.
  • MACLAREN, D. (2003). Nutrition in Science and Soccer. (edit by T Reily and AM Williams). London: Routledge,73-95.
  • MALM C, Ekblom O and Ekblom B. (2004). Immune system alteration in response to two consecutive soccer games. Acta physiological scandinavica,180,143-155.
  • MAUGHAN RJ (1991). Fluıd and electrolyte loss and replacement in exercise. J.of Sports Sciences,9(special issue),117-142.
  • MERLAU S. (2005). Recovery time optimization to facilitate motor learning during sprint intervals. NSCA ;27(2):68-74.
  • MILES MP, Pearson SD, Andring JM. (2007). Effect of carbonhyrate intake during recovery from eccentric exercise on interleukin 6 and muscle damage markers. Int. J.Sport Nut.Exerc.Metab.17(6);507-20.
  • MUSTAFA KY, Mahmoud N. (1979). Evaporative water loss in African soccer players. J.of Sport Med. And Physical Fitness,19,181-183
  • NAKAMURA K, Takahashi H, Shimai S, Tanaka M. (1996). Effects of immersion in tepid bath water on recovery from fatigue after submaximal exercise in man. Ergonomics;39(2): 257-66.
  • NORMAN B., Colliander GD., Jansson E., Tesch P., Thorsson A. (1986). A muscle fatigue and recovery pattern in relation to muscle energy metabolites (abstract). Acta Physiol Scand;128:28 A.
  • REILLY T, Ekblom B. (2005). The use of recovery methods post-exercise. J Sports Sci;23(6): 619-27.
  • ROBERTSON A, Watt JM, Galloway SDR. (2004). Effects of leg massage on recovery from high intensity cycling exercise. Br J Sports Med;38(2):173-6.
  • ROWLANDS DS, Thorp RM, Rossler K, Graham DF, Rockell MJ. (2007). Effect of protein-rich feding on recovery after intense exercise. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab;17(6):521-43.
  • SILVA JM. (1990). An analysis of the training stress syndrome in competitive athletics. J Applied Sport Psychol;2(1):5-20.
  • SMITH LL, Keating MN, Holbert D, Spratt DJ, Mc Cammon MR, Smith SS, et al. (1994). The effects of athlete massage on delayed onset muscle soreness, creatine kinase and neutropil count: a preliminary report. J Orthop Sports Physther;19(2):93-9.
  • SPORER BC, Wenger HA. (2003). Effects of aerobic exercise on strength performance following various periods of recovery. J Strength Cond Res;17(4):638-44.
  • TESSITORE A, Meeusen R, Cortis C, Capranica L. (2007). Effects of different recovery interventions on anaerobic performances following preseason soccer training. J. Stretigfh Cond. Res;21(3):745-50.
  • TIIDUS PM, Shoemaker JK. (1995). Effleurage massage, muscle blood flow and long term postexercise recovery. Int J Sports Med;16(7):478-83.
  • THORLUND JB, Aagaard P, Madsen K. (2009). Rapid muscle forces capacity changes after soccer match play. Int.J Sport Med. 30(4),273-8.
  • VAN HALL G, Shirreffs SM, Calbet JA. (2000). Muscle glycogen resynthesis during recovery from cycle exercise: no effect of additional protein ingestion. J Appl Physiol;88(5):1631-6.
  • VAILE J, Gill N, Blazevich AJ. (2007). The effect of contrast water therapy on symptoms of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and explosive athietic performance. J Strength Cond Res;21(3):697-702.
  • VAILE J, Halson S, Gill N, Dawson B. (2008). Effect of hydrotherapy on recovery from fatigue. Int J Sports Med;29(7):539-44.
  • VIITASALO JT, Niemelä K, Kaappola R, Korjus T, Levola M, Mononen HV, et al. (1995). Warm underwater water-jet massage improves recovery from intense physical exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol;71(5):431-8.
  • VIRU A. (1995). Adaptation in sport training. Boca Raton,FL;CRC Press. WATERHOUSE JM, Minors DS, Waterhouse ME, Reily T, Atkinson G. (2003). Keeping in time with your body clock. 1st ed. Oxford :Oxford University Press; page;199.
  • WILLCOCK IM, Cronin JB, Hing WA. (2006). Physiological response to water immersion: a method for sport recovery? Sports Med;36(9):747-65.
  • WILLIAMS MB, Raven PB, Fogt DL, Ivy JL. (2003). Effects of recovery beverages on glycogen restoration and endurance exercise performance. J Strength Cond Res;17(1):12-9.
  • WILLMERT N, Porcari JP, Foster C, Doberstein S, Brice G. (2002). The effects of oxygenated water on exercise physiology during incremental exercise and recovery. JEP online;5(4):16-2.
Toplam 51 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hayrettin Gümüşdağ

Halit Egesoy

Emrah Cerit

Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Temmuz 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Gümüşdağ, H., Egesoy, H., & Cerit, E. (2015). SPORDA TOPARLANMA STRATEJİLERİ. Hitit Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8(1), 53-70. https://doi.org/10.17218/husbed.45670
AMA Gümüşdağ H, Egesoy H, Cerit E. SPORDA TOPARLANMA STRATEJİLERİ. hititsosbil. Temmuz 2015;8(1):53-70. doi:10.17218/husbed.45670
Chicago Gümüşdağ, Hayrettin, Halit Egesoy, ve Emrah Cerit. “SPORDA TOPARLANMA STRATEJİLERİ”. Hitit Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 8, sy. 1 (Temmuz 2015): 53-70. https://doi.org/10.17218/husbed.45670.
EndNote Gümüşdağ H, Egesoy H, Cerit E (01 Temmuz 2015) SPORDA TOPARLANMA STRATEJİLERİ. Hitit Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 8 1 53–70.
IEEE H. Gümüşdağ, H. Egesoy, ve E. Cerit, “SPORDA TOPARLANMA STRATEJİLERİ”, hititsosbil, c. 8, sy. 1, ss. 53–70, 2015, doi: 10.17218/husbed.45670.
ISNAD Gümüşdağ, Hayrettin vd. “SPORDA TOPARLANMA STRATEJİLERİ”. Hitit Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 8/1 (Temmuz 2015), 53-70. https://doi.org/10.17218/husbed.45670.
JAMA Gümüşdağ H, Egesoy H, Cerit E. SPORDA TOPARLANMA STRATEJİLERİ. hititsosbil. 2015;8:53–70.
MLA Gümüşdağ, Hayrettin vd. “SPORDA TOPARLANMA STRATEJİLERİ”. Hitit Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 8, sy. 1, 2015, ss. 53-70, doi:10.17218/husbed.45670.
Vancouver Gümüşdağ H, Egesoy H, Cerit E. SPORDA TOPARLANMA STRATEJİLERİ. hititsosbil. 2015;8(1):53-70.