Araştırma Makalesi
Yıl 2022,
Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 23 - 38, 31.12.2022
Öz
Kaynakça
- Ada, Ş.& Gümüş, S. (2012). The reflection of instructional leadership concept on educational administration master’s programs: A comparison of Turkey and the United State of America. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 4(2), 462–474.
- Arslan, G. (2007). A comparison of school principals 'instructional leadership perspective and teachers' professional burnout: Çaycuma case.(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak.
- Aytekin, H. (2014). Investigation of the relationship between teachers' perceived situational leadership styles and instructional leadership roles of secondary school principals: The case of Kartal district.(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). Yeditepe University,İstanbul.
- Belenkuyu, C. (2015). The effect of organizational citizenship behaviour on organizational outcomes and leadership styles: A meta-analysis study.(Unpublished MasterThesis), Eskişehir Osmangazi University,Eskişehir.
- Blase, J., & Blase, J. (1999). Principals’ instructional leadership and teacher development: Teachers’ perspectives. Educational Administration Quarterly, 35(3), 349-378.
- Borenstein, M., Hedges, L., Higgins, J., & Rothstein, H. (2005). Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 2. Englewood, NJ: Biostat.
- Brynelson, A. (2014). Teacher perceptions about principal instructional leadership. (Unpublished Phd. dissertation), Seattle Pacific University.
- Card, N. A. (2012). Applied meta-analysis for social science research. New York: The Guilford Press.
- Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences (2ndedition). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
- Cooper, H., Hedges, L. V., & Valentine, J. C. (Eds.). (2009). The handbook of research synthesis and meta-analysis (2ndedition). New York: Russell Sage Publication.
- Coşar, N. (2010). Levels of classroom teachers' fulfillment of instructional leadership roles: Bolu province case,(Unpublished Master Thesis), Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu.
- Cumming, G. (2012). Understanding the new statistics. New York: Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group.
- Çelik, M. (2010). Analysis of instructional leadership behaviour of school administrators and organizational citizenship behaviours of teachers according to teacher views,(Unpublished Master Thesis). Selçuk University,Konya.
- Çelikten, Mustafa. (1998) The instructional leadership tasks of high school assistant principals and factors that enhance or inhibit the enactment of these tasks,(Unpublished dissertation). University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.
- Çimen, i., Bektaş, F. & Yücel, C. (2019). Examining school principals’ evaluations on teachers in the context of instructional leadership. Inonu University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 20(1), 254-272.
- DeArmas, İ. M. (2015). A Phenomenological Investigation of Professional Development and the Impact on Elementary Principals' Instructional Leadership.(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). Brandman University,
- De Bevoise, W. (1984). Synthesis of research on the principal as instructional leader. Educational Leadership, 41(5), 14-20.
- Deegan, G. M. (2014). Distributed instructional leadership and student achievement at an urban school. (Unpublished Phd. dissertation). Grand Canyon University.
- Derbedek, H. (2008). The effects of instructional leadership characteristics of primary school principals on teachers' self-efficacy,(Unpublished Master Thesis), PamukkaleUniversity, Denizli.
- Ellis, P. D. (2012). The essential guide to effect sizes (5th edition). Cambridge-UK: Cambridge University Press.
- Erçetin, Ş. (2000). Vision in the leading spiral, (2ndedition).Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
- Evers, C. W., & Lakomski, G. (1996). Exploring educational administration. Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd. UK.
- Fancera, S. F. & Bliss, J. R. (2011). Instructional leadership influence on collective teacher efficacy to improve school achievement. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 10(3), 349–370.
- Faulkenberry, T.M. (1996). A comparison of teachers’ perceptions of key ınstructional leadership behaviours and ınstructional leadership behaviours identified in effective schools’ research. USA: UMI, Bell & Howell Co.
- Ford, M.C. (2014). Instructional leadership self-efficacy of principals in the context of a statewide educator evaluation system.(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). University of Massachusetts Lowell.
- Gezici, A. (2007). The effects of leadership styles on job satisfaction of employees: Instructional leadership in special education institutions and an application,(Unpublished Master Thesis), Dumlupınar University, Kütahya.
- Glanz, J. (2006). Instructional leadership. California-USA: Corwin Press.
- Goff, P. T., Mavrogordato, M., & Goldring, E. (2012). Instructional leadership in charter schools: Is there an organizational effect or are leadership practices the result of faculty characteristics and preferences? Leadership and Policy in Schools, 11(1), 1–25.
- Guerra, C. (2014). A study of high school teachers' experiences of the phenomenon of effective instructional leadership(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). University of Rhode Island.
- Gümüşeli, A. İ. (1996). The restraining factors of instructional leadership of school principal. Educational Management: Theory&Practice, 2(31), 414-429.
- Gürsun, Y. (2007). Investigation of the relationship between instructional leadership roles and communication styles of primary school principals perceived by teachers, (Unpublished Master Thesis) Yeditepe University, İstanbul.
- Hallinger, P. & Murphy, J. (1985) Assessing the Instructıonal Management Behaviour Of Principals. The Elementary School Journal, 86(2), 217–247.
- Hallinger, P. (1992). The evolving role of American principals: From managerial to instructional to transformational leaders. Journal of Educational Administration, 30(3), 35–49.
- Hallinger, P. (2005). Instructional leadership and the school principal: A passing fancy that refuses to fade away. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 4(3), 221–239.
- Hallinger, P. (2011). A review of three decades of doctoral studies using the principal instructional management rating scale: A lens on methodological progress in educational leadership. Educational Administration Quarterly, 47(2), 271–306.
- Hallinger, P., Wang, W. C., & Chen, C. W. (2013). Assessing the measurement properties of the principal instructional management rating scale: A meta-analysis of reliability studies. Educational Administration Quarterly, 49(2), 272-309.
- Hendriks, M. A., & Scheerens, J. (2013). School leadership effects revisited: a review of empirical studies guided by indirect-effect models. School leadership & management, 33(4), 373-394.
- Hoy, A.W., Hoy, W.K. (2006). Instructional leadership: a learning-centered guide. (2nd edition). Boston: Pearson Education Company, USA.
- İri, S. (2015). The relationship between mobbing and organizational behaviours: A meta-analysis study on organizational commitment, job satisfaction, burnout and leadership perception,(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). Eskişehir Osmangazi University,Eskişehir.
- Karadağ, E., Bektaş, F., Çoğaltay, N., & Yalçın, M. (2015). The effect of educational leadership on students’ achievement: a meta-analysis study. Asia Pacific Education Review, 16(1), 79-93.
- Kırılmaz, E. (2005). Comparison of instructional leadership competencies of primary school principals according to management education factor,(Unpublished Master Thesis). Yıldız Teknik University, İstanbul.
- Konan, N. (2015). Evolution of efforts to portray leadership.] M. Bilgin Aksu ve H. Şimşek (Ed.), Prof. Dr. Gift to Mustafa Aydin: Education and Society Articles, (269-298). Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
- Leithwood, K., & Sun, J. (2012). The nature and effects of Transformational school leadership a meta-analytic review of unpublished research. Educational Administration Quarterly, 48(3), 387-423.
- Lunenburg, F. & Ornstein, A. (2013). Education Management. (Trans. Ed. G. Arastaman). Ankara Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
- Marks, H. M. & Printy, S. M. (2003). Principal leadership and school performance: an integration of transformational and instructional leadership. Educational Administration Quarterly, 39(3), 370-397.
- Mangin, M. M., & Stoelinga, S. R. (2010). The future of instructional teacher leader Roles. The Educational Forum, 74(1), 49-62. Mcevan, E. (1994) Steps to effective instructional leadership, USA: Scholastic Inc.
- Montinola, M. (2014). A qualitative case study on the instructional leadership knowledge of principals,(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). Submitted to Northcentral University.
- Neumerski, C. M. (2012). Rethinking instructional leadership, a review: What do we know about principal, teacher, and coach instructional leadership, and where should we go from here? Educational Administration Quarterly, 49(2), 310-347.
- Ohlson, M. (2009). Examining instructional leadership: A study of school culture and teacher quality characteristics influencing student outcomes. Florida Journal of Educational Adminsitration & Policy, 2(2), 102–113.
- Pate, J. L., James, L., & Leech, D. (2005). Teacher leaders: A catalyst for instructional leadership. Online Submission.
- Petticrew, M., & Roberts, H. (2006). Systematic reviews in the social sciences. MA-USA: Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
- Petitti, D. B. (2000). Meta-analysis, decision analysis, and cost-effectiveness analysis (2nd edition). New York: Oxford University Press.
- Pincus, T., Miles, C., Froud, R., Underwood, M., Carnes, D., & Taylor, S. J. (2011). Methodological criteria for the assessment of moderators in systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials: A consensus study. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 11(14).
- Poekert, P. E. (2012). Teacher leadership and professional development: Examining links between two concepts central to school improvement. Professional development in education, 38(2), 169-188.
- Prytula, M., Noonan, B. & Hellsten, L. (2013). Toward instructional leadership: principals’ perceptions of large-scale assessment in schools. Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy, 140(12), 1-30.
- Schyns, B., & Schilling, J. (2013). How bad are the effects of bad leaders? A meta-analysis of destructive leadership and its outcomes. The Leadership Quarterly, 24(1), 138-158.
- Serin, M.K. (2011). The relationship between instructional leadership and organizational commitment in primary education institutions: Konya province case,(Unpublished Master Thesis). University, Ankara.
- Sherman, A., & MacDonald, L. (2008). Instructional leadership in elementary school science. International Electronic Journal for Leadership in Learning, 12(12), 1-12.
- Southworth, G. (2002). Instructional leadership in schools: Reflections and empirical evidence. School Leadership and Management, 22(1), 73–91.
- Sönmez, A. (2010). Investigation of the relationship between teachers' perceived situational leadership styles and instructional leadership roles of secondary school principals: Bahçelieveler province case,(Unpublished Master Thesis). Yeditepe University,İstanbul.
- Sun, J., & Leithwood, K. (2012). Transformational school leadership effects on student achievement. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 11(4), 418-451.
- Şahin, S. (2004). The relationship between transformational & transactional leadership styles of the school principals and the school culture (İzmir Case). Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 4(2), 365-396.
- Şahin, S. (2011) The Relationship between instructional leadership style and school culture (İzmir Case), Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 11(4).
- Şahin, Z. (2011). Instructional leadership roles of secondary school principals,(Unpublished Master Thesis). İnönü University,Malatya. Şişman, M. (2014). Instructional Leadership, (5. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
- Teske, K. (2014). A comprehensive model of instructional leadership: The effects of middle school leadership on growth in student learning.(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). Northwest Nazarene University.
- Thalheimer, W., & Cook, S. (2002). How to calculate effect sizes from published research articles: A simplified methodology.A Work-Learning Research Publication.www.work-learning.com.
- Theus, J. (2014). Instructional leadership and professional learning in a rural North Carolina school district, (Unpublished Master Thesis), East Carolina University.
- Valentine, J. W., & Prater, M. (2011). Instructional, transformational, and managerial leadership and student achievement: High school principals make a difference. NASSP Bulletin, 95(1), 5–30.
- Yukl, G. (2010). Leadership in organizations. (7th edition). Upper Saddle River: Pearson.
- Yıldız, A. (2013). Investigation of the relationship between the levels of using emotional intelligence competencies of school principals in business life and instructional leadership behaviours,(Unpublished Master Thesis). Yüzüncü Yıl University,Van.
A Meta-analysis: School Administrators’ and Teachers’ Views on The Level of Administrators' Instructional Leadership Behaviours
Öz
This study aims to define the effect size of school administrators' and teachers' views on the level of administrators’ instructional leadership behaviors by meta-analysis method. The main data source is master and doctorate dissertations, conducted between 2000-2019, which are in Turkish or English. As a result of scanning out of 460 studies, 37 are included in the meta-analysis. The effect size, variances, and comparison of the groups for each study are calculated. “Funnel plot” and “Orwin’s Fail-Safe N” methods are used to test publication bias. As a result of the analyses, Q-statistic is Q = 172,902, and I2 is calculated as 79 %. The effect size calculated according to the random effects model is 0, 40 in favor of the school administrators [0.27; 0.50], positive and statistically significant. This effect size value (ES = 0.40) means that the school administrators’ views on school administrators’ instructional leadership are more positive than teachers’ views.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Ada, Ş.& Gümüş, S. (2012). The reflection of instructional leadership concept on educational administration master’s programs: A comparison of Turkey and the United State of America. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 4(2), 462–474.
- Arslan, G. (2007). A comparison of school principals 'instructional leadership perspective and teachers' professional burnout: Çaycuma case.(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak.
- Aytekin, H. (2014). Investigation of the relationship between teachers' perceived situational leadership styles and instructional leadership roles of secondary school principals: The case of Kartal district.(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). Yeditepe University,İstanbul.
- Belenkuyu, C. (2015). The effect of organizational citizenship behaviour on organizational outcomes and leadership styles: A meta-analysis study.(Unpublished MasterThesis), Eskişehir Osmangazi University,Eskişehir.
- Blase, J., & Blase, J. (1999). Principals’ instructional leadership and teacher development: Teachers’ perspectives. Educational Administration Quarterly, 35(3), 349-378.
- Borenstein, M., Hedges, L., Higgins, J., & Rothstein, H. (2005). Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 2. Englewood, NJ: Biostat.
- Brynelson, A. (2014). Teacher perceptions about principal instructional leadership. (Unpublished Phd. dissertation), Seattle Pacific University.
- Card, N. A. (2012). Applied meta-analysis for social science research. New York: The Guilford Press.
- Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences (2ndedition). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
- Cooper, H., Hedges, L. V., & Valentine, J. C. (Eds.). (2009). The handbook of research synthesis and meta-analysis (2ndedition). New York: Russell Sage Publication.
- Coşar, N. (2010). Levels of classroom teachers' fulfillment of instructional leadership roles: Bolu province case,(Unpublished Master Thesis), Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu.
- Cumming, G. (2012). Understanding the new statistics. New York: Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group.
- Çelik, M. (2010). Analysis of instructional leadership behaviour of school administrators and organizational citizenship behaviours of teachers according to teacher views,(Unpublished Master Thesis). Selçuk University,Konya.
- Çelikten, Mustafa. (1998) The instructional leadership tasks of high school assistant principals and factors that enhance or inhibit the enactment of these tasks,(Unpublished dissertation). University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.
- Çimen, i., Bektaş, F. & Yücel, C. (2019). Examining school principals’ evaluations on teachers in the context of instructional leadership. Inonu University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 20(1), 254-272.
- DeArmas, İ. M. (2015). A Phenomenological Investigation of Professional Development and the Impact on Elementary Principals' Instructional Leadership.(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). Brandman University,
- De Bevoise, W. (1984). Synthesis of research on the principal as instructional leader. Educational Leadership, 41(5), 14-20.
- Deegan, G. M. (2014). Distributed instructional leadership and student achievement at an urban school. (Unpublished Phd. dissertation). Grand Canyon University.
- Derbedek, H. (2008). The effects of instructional leadership characteristics of primary school principals on teachers' self-efficacy,(Unpublished Master Thesis), PamukkaleUniversity, Denizli.
- Ellis, P. D. (2012). The essential guide to effect sizes (5th edition). Cambridge-UK: Cambridge University Press.
- Erçetin, Ş. (2000). Vision in the leading spiral, (2ndedition).Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
- Evers, C. W., & Lakomski, G. (1996). Exploring educational administration. Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd. UK.
- Fancera, S. F. & Bliss, J. R. (2011). Instructional leadership influence on collective teacher efficacy to improve school achievement. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 10(3), 349–370.
- Faulkenberry, T.M. (1996). A comparison of teachers’ perceptions of key ınstructional leadership behaviours and ınstructional leadership behaviours identified in effective schools’ research. USA: UMI, Bell & Howell Co.
- Ford, M.C. (2014). Instructional leadership self-efficacy of principals in the context of a statewide educator evaluation system.(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). University of Massachusetts Lowell.
- Gezici, A. (2007). The effects of leadership styles on job satisfaction of employees: Instructional leadership in special education institutions and an application,(Unpublished Master Thesis), Dumlupınar University, Kütahya.
- Glanz, J. (2006). Instructional leadership. California-USA: Corwin Press.
- Goff, P. T., Mavrogordato, M., & Goldring, E. (2012). Instructional leadership in charter schools: Is there an organizational effect or are leadership practices the result of faculty characteristics and preferences? Leadership and Policy in Schools, 11(1), 1–25.
- Guerra, C. (2014). A study of high school teachers' experiences of the phenomenon of effective instructional leadership(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). University of Rhode Island.
- Gümüşeli, A. İ. (1996). The restraining factors of instructional leadership of school principal. Educational Management: Theory&Practice, 2(31), 414-429.
- Gürsun, Y. (2007). Investigation of the relationship between instructional leadership roles and communication styles of primary school principals perceived by teachers, (Unpublished Master Thesis) Yeditepe University, İstanbul.
- Hallinger, P. & Murphy, J. (1985) Assessing the Instructıonal Management Behaviour Of Principals. The Elementary School Journal, 86(2), 217–247.
- Hallinger, P. (1992). The evolving role of American principals: From managerial to instructional to transformational leaders. Journal of Educational Administration, 30(3), 35–49.
- Hallinger, P. (2005). Instructional leadership and the school principal: A passing fancy that refuses to fade away. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 4(3), 221–239.
- Hallinger, P. (2011). A review of three decades of doctoral studies using the principal instructional management rating scale: A lens on methodological progress in educational leadership. Educational Administration Quarterly, 47(2), 271–306.
- Hallinger, P., Wang, W. C., & Chen, C. W. (2013). Assessing the measurement properties of the principal instructional management rating scale: A meta-analysis of reliability studies. Educational Administration Quarterly, 49(2), 272-309.
- Hendriks, M. A., & Scheerens, J. (2013). School leadership effects revisited: a review of empirical studies guided by indirect-effect models. School leadership & management, 33(4), 373-394.
- Hoy, A.W., Hoy, W.K. (2006). Instructional leadership: a learning-centered guide. (2nd edition). Boston: Pearson Education Company, USA.
- İri, S. (2015). The relationship between mobbing and organizational behaviours: A meta-analysis study on organizational commitment, job satisfaction, burnout and leadership perception,(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). Eskişehir Osmangazi University,Eskişehir.
- Karadağ, E., Bektaş, F., Çoğaltay, N., & Yalçın, M. (2015). The effect of educational leadership on students’ achievement: a meta-analysis study. Asia Pacific Education Review, 16(1), 79-93.
- Kırılmaz, E. (2005). Comparison of instructional leadership competencies of primary school principals according to management education factor,(Unpublished Master Thesis). Yıldız Teknik University, İstanbul.
- Konan, N. (2015). Evolution of efforts to portray leadership.] M. Bilgin Aksu ve H. Şimşek (Ed.), Prof. Dr. Gift to Mustafa Aydin: Education and Society Articles, (269-298). Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
- Leithwood, K., & Sun, J. (2012). The nature and effects of Transformational school leadership a meta-analytic review of unpublished research. Educational Administration Quarterly, 48(3), 387-423.
- Lunenburg, F. & Ornstein, A. (2013). Education Management. (Trans. Ed. G. Arastaman). Ankara Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
- Marks, H. M. & Printy, S. M. (2003). Principal leadership and school performance: an integration of transformational and instructional leadership. Educational Administration Quarterly, 39(3), 370-397.
- Mangin, M. M., & Stoelinga, S. R. (2010). The future of instructional teacher leader Roles. The Educational Forum, 74(1), 49-62. Mcevan, E. (1994) Steps to effective instructional leadership, USA: Scholastic Inc.
- Montinola, M. (2014). A qualitative case study on the instructional leadership knowledge of principals,(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). Submitted to Northcentral University.
- Neumerski, C. M. (2012). Rethinking instructional leadership, a review: What do we know about principal, teacher, and coach instructional leadership, and where should we go from here? Educational Administration Quarterly, 49(2), 310-347.
- Ohlson, M. (2009). Examining instructional leadership: A study of school culture and teacher quality characteristics influencing student outcomes. Florida Journal of Educational Adminsitration & Policy, 2(2), 102–113.
- Pate, J. L., James, L., & Leech, D. (2005). Teacher leaders: A catalyst for instructional leadership. Online Submission.
- Petticrew, M., & Roberts, H. (2006). Systematic reviews in the social sciences. MA-USA: Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
- Petitti, D. B. (2000). Meta-analysis, decision analysis, and cost-effectiveness analysis (2nd edition). New York: Oxford University Press.
- Pincus, T., Miles, C., Froud, R., Underwood, M., Carnes, D., & Taylor, S. J. (2011). Methodological criteria for the assessment of moderators in systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials: A consensus study. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 11(14).
- Poekert, P. E. (2012). Teacher leadership and professional development: Examining links between two concepts central to school improvement. Professional development in education, 38(2), 169-188.
- Prytula, M., Noonan, B. & Hellsten, L. (2013). Toward instructional leadership: principals’ perceptions of large-scale assessment in schools. Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy, 140(12), 1-30.
- Schyns, B., & Schilling, J. (2013). How bad are the effects of bad leaders? A meta-analysis of destructive leadership and its outcomes. The Leadership Quarterly, 24(1), 138-158.
- Serin, M.K. (2011). The relationship between instructional leadership and organizational commitment in primary education institutions: Konya province case,(Unpublished Master Thesis). University, Ankara.
- Sherman, A., & MacDonald, L. (2008). Instructional leadership in elementary school science. International Electronic Journal for Leadership in Learning, 12(12), 1-12.
- Southworth, G. (2002). Instructional leadership in schools: Reflections and empirical evidence. School Leadership and Management, 22(1), 73–91.
- Sönmez, A. (2010). Investigation of the relationship between teachers' perceived situational leadership styles and instructional leadership roles of secondary school principals: Bahçelieveler province case,(Unpublished Master Thesis). Yeditepe University,İstanbul.
- Sun, J., & Leithwood, K. (2012). Transformational school leadership effects on student achievement. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 11(4), 418-451.
- Şahin, S. (2004). The relationship between transformational & transactional leadership styles of the school principals and the school culture (İzmir Case). Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 4(2), 365-396.
- Şahin, S. (2011) The Relationship between instructional leadership style and school culture (İzmir Case), Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 11(4).
- Şahin, Z. (2011). Instructional leadership roles of secondary school principals,(Unpublished Master Thesis). İnönü University,Malatya. Şişman, M. (2014). Instructional Leadership, (5. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
- Teske, K. (2014). A comprehensive model of instructional leadership: The effects of middle school leadership on growth in student learning.(Unpublished Phd. dissertation). Northwest Nazarene University.
- Thalheimer, W., & Cook, S. (2002). How to calculate effect sizes from published research articles: A simplified methodology.A Work-Learning Research Publication.www.work-learning.com.
- Theus, J. (2014). Instructional leadership and professional learning in a rural North Carolina school district, (Unpublished Master Thesis), East Carolina University.
- Valentine, J. W., & Prater, M. (2011). Instructional, transformational, and managerial leadership and student achievement: High school principals make a difference. NASSP Bulletin, 95(1), 5–30.
- Yukl, G. (2010). Leadership in organizations. (7th edition). Upper Saddle River: Pearson.
- Yıldız, A. (2013). Investigation of the relationship between the levels of using emotional intelligence competencies of school principals in business life and instructional leadership behaviours,(Unpublished Master Thesis). Yüzüncü Yıl University,Van.
Toplam 70 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar |
| Bölüm | Articles |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Aralık 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 9 Ekim 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2 |
