İran ve Turan Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi

Öz

The Russian expansionism, settlement and colonialism that emerged and developed in the 18th and 19th centuries in Turkestan deeply affected the economic and social structure of the region. The assimilation and forced cultural exchange activities implemented by the Russians on the Turkestan peoples not only changed the existing social order, but also laid the gro-undwork for the deterioration of the understanding of national identity. This situation was valid for Kazakh Turks. In 1917, the February and Octo-ber Revolutions, the Bolsheviks, who liquidated the Tsarist armies, estab-lished the Soviet Union. The Soviet government dominated Kazakhstan in 1920-1921. Since the first years of this period, within the framework of the policy of creating Soviet people in Kazakhstan, it has directly targeted the political, economic and social structures of the Kazakh people. As a matter of fact, between 1925 and 1933, Filipp Isaevich Goloshchekin implemented an intense Sovietization policy for the implementation of the “Small Octo-ber” idea in Kazakhstan. With this policy, Kazakh society caused significant impact and change. In this context, Filipp İ. Goloshchekin's practices of realizing the idea of "Small October" and his collectivization policies and the changes in the political, social and economic fields in Kazakhstan are of great importance for Turkish history.
In this study, F. İ. Goloshchekin’s political life and his appointment to Kazakhstan are discussed. The implementation of the "Small October" idea in Kazakhstan and the "Sovietization of the Peasant" and collectivization policies were evaluated. As a result of this policy, the political, social and economic changes that took place in Kazakhstan were discussed.