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Evaluation of E-Complaints About Balloon Tours in Cappadocia, Turkey

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 74, 267 - 297

Nilgün Demirel İli Gaye Deniz Zeynep Çokal Neşe Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.1394365

Öz

Cappadocia is one of the most well-known balloon tourism destinations in the world. Besides its unique nature, recreational activities make a significant contribution to regional tourism. Taking a hot air balloon ride is an alternative tourism activity that is most preferred in Cappadocia. Satisfaction with the balloon rides is a very important factor in terms of tourists’ intention to revisit the region and recommend it to others, and the image perception of the destination. Therefore, this study aims to analyze e-complaints about businesses organizing balloon tours in Cappadocia and develop solutions for balloon tours specific to Cappadocia. The phenomenological design was preferred as the research design. In order to obtain data on the experience offered by balloon companies, a search was made within the location of "Nevşehir or Cappadocia" according to the "balloon" criterion on the Tripadvisor website, a widely used travel platform, and English comments were reached. According to these criteria, a total of 223 comments were obtained for 25 balloon companies operating in Cappadocia. For data analysis, six main themes and 16 sub-themes were defined in the code system. Content analysis was used as the analysis method. Word frequency, sub-theme frequency, and percentage results of the main and sub-themes were given from the descriptive analyzes carried out. In the analysis, which included 363 codings, it was determined that the most frequently repeated main theme was "Complaints About Flight Experience" and the most frequently repeated sub-theme was "Flight Personnel". As a result of this research on balloon tours, it was seen that the expectations of many tourists were not met and there are complaints at many stages, from reservation to post-flight services.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Balloon Tours E-Complaints Cappadocia

Kaynakça

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  • Alrawadieh, Zaid,, and Şehnaz Demirkol. (2015). “Konaklama İşletmelerinde E-Şikâyet Yönetimi: İstanbul’daki Beş Yıldızlı Oteller Üzerinde Bir Çalışma.” Nişantaşı Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3(1), 130-148. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/909189
  • Aslaner, Mehmet Ali. 2019. “Hot-Air Balloon Tour Accidents In The Cappadocia Region.” Aerospace Medicine And Human Performance, 90(2), 123-127. https://doi.org/10.3357/AMHP.5121.2019
  • Atioğlu, Eyüp. 2021. “Hot Air Balloon Rides in Cappadocia: A Business Model to Stimulate The Economy.” Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 22(2), 378-393. https://doi.org/10.37880/cumuiibf.984188
  • Aydın, Şule, and Zeynep Çokal. 2018. “Göreme Milli Parkı ve Kapadokya (Nevşehir)-1985.” In Unesco- Dünya Miras Listesinde Türkiye Edited by Abdullah Karaman, Alper Ateş ve Kürşad Sayın, Konya: Eğitim Yayınevi.
  • Ballard, Sarah-Blythe, Leland P Beaty and Susan P Baker. 2013. “Hot-air balloon tours: Crash epidemiology in the United States 2000-2011.” Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 84(11), 1172-1177. https://doi.org/10.3357/ASEM.3719.2013
  • Bertan, Serkan . 2020. “Key Success Factors for Doing Business in Hot Air Balloon Riding.” Journal of Tourism and Services, 20 (11), 124-131. Journal of Tourism and Services, 11(20), 124-131. https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v11i20.131
  • Blau, Peter M. 1968. “Social Exchange.” International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, 7, 452-457. Bojanic, Dadiv. 2010. “International Encyclopedia of Hospitality Management” içinde (2. bs.ed. 129-130. ppss).
  • London: Routledge. Pizam, A. (Ed.). (2010). International Encyclopedia of Hospitality Management 2nd edition. Routledge.
  • Brennan, Patricia Flatley, and Bevely J. Hays. 1992. “Focus on Psychometrics The Kappa Statistic for Establishing Interrater Reliability in the Secondary Analysis of Qualitative Clinical Data.” Research in Nursing 8 Health, 15, 153 - 158. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.4770150210
  • Burla, Laila, Birte Knierim, Jurgen Barth, Katharina Liewald, Margreet Duetz, and Thomas Abel. 2008. “From Text to Codings Intercoder Reliability Assessment in Qualitative Content Analysis.” Nursing Research, 57(2), 113-117. DOI: 10.1097/01.NNR.0000313482.33917.7d
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  • Can, Mehmet, and Cagla Üst Can 2019. “Kapadokya’da Balon Turizmi Deneyimi ve Kabul Edilebilir Risk Durumu.” Türk Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(3), 188-198. DOI: 10.26677/TR1010.2019.154
  • Cowl, Cowl T., Michale Jones, Charles Lynch, Nancy Sprince, Craig Zwerling, and Lawrence Fuortesce. 1998. “Factors Associated with Fatalities and Injuries from Hot-Air Balloon Crashes.” Jama, 279(13), 1011-1014. DOI: 10.1001/jama.279.13.1011
  • Çamlica, Koray, Aslı Sultan Eren,, & Hasret Muharrem Aslan, 2022. Kapadokya Bölgesi’nde Faaliyet Gösteren Seyahat Acentelerine Yönelik E-Şikâyetlerin İçerik Analizi ile İncelenmesi: TripAdvisor Örneği. Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(1), 122-136.
  • De Salvo, Maria, Gianluca Grilli, Sandra Notaro, and Giovanni Signorello. 2022. “Do risk perception and safety of sites influence rock climbing destination choices?” Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 37, 100486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2022.100486
  • Demirel, Nilgün, and Duygu Eren. 2021. “Müşteri Memnuniyetinin Ağızdan Ağıza İletişim Üzerindeki Etkisinde Hizmet Telafisinin Düzenleyicilik Rolü: Nevşehir’deki Otel İşletmelerinde Bir Uygulama.” Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 9 (3), 2132-2160. DOI:1 0.21325/jotags.2021.885
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  • Filieri, Raffaele, Zhibin Lin, Giovanni Pino, Salma Alguezaui, Alessandro Inversini. 2021. “The Role of Visual Cues in eWOM on Consumers’ Behavioral Intention and Decisions.” Journal of Business Research, 135, 663-675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.06.055
  • Frankenfield, DL, and Susan Pardee Baker. 1994. “Epidemiology of Hot-Air Balloon Crashes in the US, 1984-88.” Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 65(1), 3-6.
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  • González-Rodríguez, M. Rosario, M. Carmen Díaz-Fernández, Anil Bilgihan, Fevzi Okumus, and Fangfang Shi. 2022. “The Impact of eWOM Source Credibility on Destination Visit Intention and Online Involvement: A Case of Chinese Tourists.” Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 13(5), 855-874. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-11-2021-0321
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  • Güzel, Özlem, and İlker Sahin. 2020. “Experiential Aspects of Balloon Tourism Within The Context of Destination Marketing.” Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 14(3), 793-810.
  • Hendler, Flavia. 2010. International Encyclopedia of Hospitality Management içinde (2. bs. 172-175. ss). London: Routledge.
  • Hennig-Thurau, T Thorsten, Kevin P. Gwinner, Gianfranco Walsh, and Dwayne D. Gremler. 2004. “Electronic Word-of-mouth via Consumer-Opinion Platforms: What Motivates Consumers To Articulate Themselves on The Internet?” Journal of Interactive Marketing, 18(1), 38-52. https://doi.org/10.1002/dir.10073
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Balon Turlarına Yönelik E- Şikayetlerin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 74, 267 - 297

Nilgün Demirel İli Gaye Deniz Zeynep Çokal Neşe Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.1394365

Öz

Kapadokya, dünyanın en bilinen balon turizmi destinasyonlarından biridir. Benzersiz doğası yanında, bölgesel turizme önemli bir katkıda bulunan rekreasyonel aktiviteler de bulunmaktadır. Sıcak hava balonuyla gezi, Kapadokya'da tercih edilen alternatif bir turizm etkinliğidir. Balon turlarıyla memnuniyet, turistlerin bölgeye tekrar ziyaret etme niyeti, başkalarına tavsiye etme ve destinasyonun imaj algısı açısından çok önemli bir faktördür. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma, Kapadokya'da balon turları düzenleyen işletmelerle ilgili e-şikayetleri analiz etmeyi ve Kapadokya'ya özgü balon turları için çözümler geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma tasarımı olarak fenomenolojik tasarım tercih edildi. Balon şirketlerinin sunduğu deneyimlere dair veri elde etmek için, yaygın olarak kullanılan bir seyahat platformu olan Tripadvisor web sitesinde "Nevşehir veya Kapadokya" konumu içinde "balon" kriterine göre bir arama yapıldı ve İngilizce yorumlara ulaşıldı. Bu kriterlere göre, Kapadokya'da faaliyet gösteren 25 balon şirketi için toplamda 223 yorum elde edildi. Veri analizi için kod sisteminde altı ana tema ve 16 alt tema tanımlandı. Analiz yöntemi olarak içerik analizi kullanıldı. Yapılan betimsel analizlerden elde edilen ana ve alt temaların kelime sıklığı, alt tema sıklığı ve yüzde sonuçları verildi. 363 kodlamayı içeren analizde, en sık tekrarlanan ana tema "Uçuş Deneyimi ile İlgili Şikayetler" ve en sık tekrarlanan alt tema "Uçuş Personeli" olarak belirlendi. Balon turları üzerine yapılan bu araştırmanın sonucunda, birçok turistin beklentilerinin karşılanmadığı ve rezervasyondan uçuş sonrası hizmetlere kadar birçok aşamada şikayetler olduğu görüldü.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Balon Turları E-Şikayet Kapadokya

Kaynakça

  • Adams, J. Stacy. 1963. “Towards an Understanding of Inequity.” The Journal of Abnormal And Social Psychology, 67(5), 422. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040968
  • Alabay, Mehmet Nurettin (2012). “Müşteri şikâyetleri yönetimi.” Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 8(16), 137-157. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1144040
  • Alrawadieh, Zaid,, and Şehnaz Demirkol. (2015). “Konaklama İşletmelerinde E-Şikâyet Yönetimi: İstanbul’daki Beş Yıldızlı Oteller Üzerinde Bir Çalışma.” Nişantaşı Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3(1), 130-148. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/909189
  • Aslaner, Mehmet Ali. 2019. “Hot-Air Balloon Tour Accidents In The Cappadocia Region.” Aerospace Medicine And Human Performance, 90(2), 123-127. https://doi.org/10.3357/AMHP.5121.2019
  • Atioğlu, Eyüp. 2021. “Hot Air Balloon Rides in Cappadocia: A Business Model to Stimulate The Economy.” Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 22(2), 378-393. https://doi.org/10.37880/cumuiibf.984188
  • Aydın, Şule, and Zeynep Çokal. 2018. “Göreme Milli Parkı ve Kapadokya (Nevşehir)-1985.” In Unesco- Dünya Miras Listesinde Türkiye Edited by Abdullah Karaman, Alper Ateş ve Kürşad Sayın, Konya: Eğitim Yayınevi.
  • Ballard, Sarah-Blythe, Leland P Beaty and Susan P Baker. 2013. “Hot-air balloon tours: Crash epidemiology in the United States 2000-2011.” Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 84(11), 1172-1177. https://doi.org/10.3357/ASEM.3719.2013
  • Bertan, Serkan . 2020. “Key Success Factors for Doing Business in Hot Air Balloon Riding.” Journal of Tourism and Services, 20 (11), 124-131. Journal of Tourism and Services, 11(20), 124-131. https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v11i20.131
  • Blau, Peter M. 1968. “Social Exchange.” International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, 7, 452-457. Bojanic, Dadiv. 2010. “International Encyclopedia of Hospitality Management” içinde (2. bs.ed. 129-130. ppss).
  • London: Routledge. Pizam, A. (Ed.). (2010). International Encyclopedia of Hospitality Management 2nd edition. Routledge.
  • Brennan, Patricia Flatley, and Bevely J. Hays. 1992. “Focus on Psychometrics The Kappa Statistic for Establishing Interrater Reliability in the Secondary Analysis of Qualitative Clinical Data.” Research in Nursing 8 Health, 15, 153 - 158. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.4770150210
  • Burla, Laila, Birte Knierim, Jurgen Barth, Katharina Liewald, Margreet Duetz, and Thomas Abel. 2008. “From Text to Codings Intercoder Reliability Assessment in Qualitative Content Analysis.” Nursing Research, 57(2), 113-117. DOI: 10.1097/01.NNR.0000313482.33917.7d
  • Campbell, Trudy. 1996. “Technology, Multimedia, and Qualitative Research in Education.” Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 30(9), 122-133. https://doi.org/10.1080/08886504.1997.10782219
  • Can, Mehmet, and Cagla Üst Can 2019. “Kapadokya’da Balon Turizmi Deneyimi ve Kabul Edilebilir Risk Durumu.” Türk Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(3), 188-198. DOI: 10.26677/TR1010.2019.154
  • Cowl, Cowl T., Michale Jones, Charles Lynch, Nancy Sprince, Craig Zwerling, and Lawrence Fuortesce. 1998. “Factors Associated with Fatalities and Injuries from Hot-Air Balloon Crashes.” Jama, 279(13), 1011-1014. DOI: 10.1001/jama.279.13.1011
  • Çamlica, Koray, Aslı Sultan Eren,, & Hasret Muharrem Aslan, 2022. Kapadokya Bölgesi’nde Faaliyet Gösteren Seyahat Acentelerine Yönelik E-Şikâyetlerin İçerik Analizi ile İncelenmesi: TripAdvisor Örneği. Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(1), 122-136.
  • De Salvo, Maria, Gianluca Grilli, Sandra Notaro, and Giovanni Signorello. 2022. “Do risk perception and safety of sites influence rock climbing destination choices?” Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 37, 100486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2022.100486
  • Demirel, Nilgün, and Duygu Eren. 2021. “Müşteri Memnuniyetinin Ağızdan Ağıza İletişim Üzerindeki Etkisinde Hizmet Telafisinin Düzenleyicilik Rolü: Nevşehir’deki Otel İşletmelerinde Bir Uygulama.” Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 9 (3), 2132-2160. DOI:1 0.21325/jotags.2021.885
  • Everitt, Brian S. 1996. Making Sense of Statistics in Psychology: Asecond Level Course. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Filieri, Raffaele, Zhibin Lin, Giovanni Pino, Salma Alguezaui, Alessandro Inversini. 2021. “The Role of Visual Cues in eWOM on Consumers’ Behavioral Intention and Decisions.” Journal of Business Research, 135, 663-675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.06.055
  • Frankenfield, DL, and Susan Pardee Baker. 1994. “Epidemiology of Hot-Air Balloon Crashes in the US, 1984-88.” Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 65(1), 3-6.
  • General Directorate of Civil Association, (2021). Retrieved March 23rd, 2022 from http://web.shgm.gov.tr/tr/kurumsal/4006-faaliyet-raporlarimiz.
  • González-Rodríguez, M. Rosario, M. Carmen Díaz-Fernández, Anil Bilgihan, Fevzi Okumus, and Fangfang Shi. 2022. “The Impact of eWOM Source Credibility on Destination Visit Intention and Online Involvement: A Case of Chinese Tourists.” Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 13(5), 855-874. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-11-2021-0321
  • Gosal, J., E. Andajani, and S., Rahayu. 2020. The Effect of e-WOM on Travel Intention, Travel Decision, City Image, and Attitude To Visit a Tourism City. In 17th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2020) (pp. 261-265). Atlantis Press.
  • Güzel, Özlem, and İlker Sahin. 2020. “Experiential Aspects of Balloon Tourism Within The Context of Destination Marketing.” Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 14(3), 793-810.
  • Hendler, Flavia. 2010. International Encyclopedia of Hospitality Management içinde (2. bs. 172-175. ss). London: Routledge.
  • Hennig-Thurau, T Thorsten, Kevin P. Gwinner, Gianfranco Walsh, and Dwayne D. Gremler. 2004. “Electronic Word-of-mouth via Consumer-Opinion Platforms: What Motivates Consumers To Articulate Themselves on The Internet?” Journal of Interactive Marketing, 18(1), 38-52. https://doi.org/10.1002/dir.10073
  • Huppertz, John W. 2014. “The Effort Model of Consumer Complaining Behavior: An Update and New Research Directions.” The Journal of Consumer Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction and Complaining Behavior, 27, 2-5.
  • Jovicic, Dobrica Zivadin. 2016. “Key Issues in the Conceptualization of Tourism Destinations.” Tourism Geographies, 18(4), 445-457. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2016.1183144
  • Kothakonda, Akshay, and Michael T. Kezirian. 2016. “Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Manned Balloon Programs.” In 2016 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (RAMS) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/RAMS.2016.7448065
  • Krüger, Philipp. 2015. “Corporate Goodness and Shareholder Wealth.” Journal of Financial Economics, 115, 304-329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2014.09.008
  • Lewis, Barbara R., and Sotiris Spyrakopoulos. 2001. “Service Failures and Recovery In Retail Banking: The Customers’ Perspective.” International Journal of Bank Marketing, 19(1), 37-48. https://doi.org/10.1108/02652320110366481
  • López, Manuela, and María Sicilia. 2014. “Determinants of E-WOM Influence: The Role of Consumers’ Internet Experience.” Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 9(1), 28-43. DOI: 10.4067/S0718-18762014000100004
  • Marine-Roig, E. 2022. Content analysis of online travel reviews. In Z. Xiang, M. Fuchs, U. Gretzel, & W. Höpken (Eds.), Handbook of e-tourism (pp. forthcoming). Cham, Switzerland: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05324-6_31-1.
  • Narangajavana, Yeamduan, Luis José Callarisa Fiol, Miguel Ángel Moliner Tena, Rosa María Rodríguez Artola, and Javier Sánchez García. 2017. The Influence of Social Media in Creating Expectations. An Empirical Study For A Tourist Destination.” Annals of tourism research, 65, 60-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.05.002
  • Novotná, Novotná, Markéta, Helena Kubíčková, and Josef Kunc. 2021. “Outdoor Excitement in Homeland? Opportunities and Threats to Balloon Tourism in The Czech Republic During The Coronavirus Outbreak.” Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 36, 100424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2021.100424
  • Ntv. (2019). Kapadokya’da türkiye’nin ilk Balon Festivali Başlıyor. ntv.com.tr. (2019, July 1). https://www.ntv.com.tr/seyahat/kapadokyada-turkiyenin-ilk-balon-festivali-basliyor,9ZIPtp8kPkyX2cUTX8rdzA
  • Odabaşı, Yavuz, and Gülfidan Barış. 2002. Tüketici Davranışları. İstanbul: Mediacat Yayınları.
  • Oliver, Christine. 1997. “Sustainable Competitive Advantage: Combining Institutional and Resource‐Based Views.” Strategic Management Journal, 18(9), 697-713.
  • Oliver, Richard L. 1980. “A Cognitive Model Of The Antecedents and Consequences of Satisfaction Decisions.” Journal of Marketing Research, 17(4), 460-469.
  • Özen, İbrahim Akın. 2019. “Kapadokya Bölgesinde Yaşanan Sıcak Hava Balon Deneyiminin Davranışsal Niyetler Üzerindeki Etkilerini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma.” Verimlilik Dergisi, 1(1), 165-198.
  • Özen, İbrahim Akın. 2017. Deneyimsel Tüketim, Destinasyon Imaj Algısı ve Davranışsal Sonuçları Ilişkisi: Kapadokya Sıcak Hava Balon Deneyimi. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Turizm İşletmeciliği Anabilim Dalı, Nevşehir.
  • Özen, İbrahim Akın, and Ebru Güneren Özdemir. 2020. “Relationship Between Destination Image Change and Behavioral Intention: A Study On Cappadocia Hot Air Balloon Experience.” Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Tourism, 5(1), 39-54. https://doi.org/10.31822/jomat.709096
  • Öztürk, Serdar, Hayri Tanrıverdi, and Metin Kaplan.. 2019. “Balon Turizmin Kapadokya Kırsal Turizmi Üzerindeki Etkileri Üzerine Bir Çalışma.” 3. Uluslararası Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Kongresi. Van: ISPEC Institute.
  • Patton, Michael Quinn. 2002. Qualitative Evaluation And Research Methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Pop, Rebeka-Anna., Zsuzsa Săplăcan,Dan-Cristian Dabijab, and &Mónika-Anetta Alt. 2022. “The Impact of Social Media Influencers On Travel Decisions: The Role of Trust In Consumer Decision Journey.” Current Issues in Tourism, 25(5), 823-843. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1895729
  • Seale, Clive. 1999. “Quality in Qualitative Research.” Qualitative Inquiry, 5(4), 465-478.
  • Singh, Jagdip, and Robert E. Widing. 1991. “What Occurs Once Consumers Complain? A Theoretical Model For Understanding Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction Outcomes of Complaint Responses.” European Journal of Marketing, 25(5), 30-46. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090569110140489
  • Sun, Tao, Seounmi Youn, Guohua Wu, Mana Kuntaraporn. 2006. “Online Word-Of-Mouth (Or Mouse): An Exploration of Its Antecedents and Consequences.” Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11(4), 1104-1127. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00310.x
  • Tax, Stephen S., Stephen W. Brown, and Murali Chandrashekaran. 1998. “Customer Evaluations of Service Complaint Experiences: Implications for Relationship Marketing.” Journal of marketing, 62(2), 60-76. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252161
  • Truong, Thi Lan Huong, François Lenglet, and Caroline Mothe. 2018. “Destination Distinctiveness: Concept, Measurement, And Impact On Tourist Satisfaction.” Journal of destination marketing & management, 8, 214-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.04.004
  • U.S. News Travel. 2022. 14 top hot air balloon festivals in the world - U.S. news travel. 14 Top Hot Air Balloon Festivals in the World. (2022, January 15). https://travel.usnews.com/features/top-hot-air-balloon-festivals-in-the-world
  • Yetiş, Sule Ardiç. 2018. Turist rehberlerinin bakış açısıyla bölgesel turlarda algılanan hizmet kalitesinin Kritik Olaylar Tekniği (KOT) ile ölçülmesi. Manas Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(3).
  • Zarrad, H., and M. Debabi. 2015. “Analyzing The Effect of Electronic Word Of Mouth On Tourists’ Attitude Toward Destination And Travel Intention”. International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 4(4), 53-60.
Toplam 54 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İş Sistemleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Nilgün Demirel İli 0000-0003-2407-9932

Gaye Deniz 0000-0002-9980-8506

Zeynep Çokal 0000-0001-5729-3228

Neşe Yılmaz 0000-0003-0168-2907

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 27 Nisan 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Kasım 2023
Kabul Tarihi 18 Nisan 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 19 Sayı: 74

Kaynak Göster

APA Demirel İli, N., Deniz, G., Çokal, Z., Yılmaz, N. (2024). Evaluation of E-Complaints About Balloon Tours in Cappadocia, Turkey. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, 19(74), 267-297. https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.1394365
AMA Demirel İli N, Deniz G, Çokal Z, Yılmaz N. Evaluation of E-Complaints About Balloon Tours in Cappadocia, Turkey. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. Nisan 2024;19(74):267-297. doi:10.19168/jyasar.1394365
Chicago Demirel İli, Nilgün, Gaye Deniz, Zeynep Çokal, ve Neşe Yılmaz. “Evaluation of E-Complaints About Balloon Tours in Cappadocia, Turkey”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 19, sy. 74 (Nisan 2024): 267-97. https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.1394365.
EndNote Demirel İli N, Deniz G, Çokal Z, Yılmaz N (01 Nisan 2024) Evaluation of E-Complaints About Balloon Tours in Cappadocia, Turkey. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 19 74 267–297.
IEEE N. Demirel İli, G. Deniz, Z. Çokal, ve N. Yılmaz, “Evaluation of E-Complaints About Balloon Tours in Cappadocia, Turkey”, Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, c. 19, sy. 74, ss. 267–297, 2024, doi: 10.19168/jyasar.1394365.
ISNAD Demirel İli, Nilgün vd. “Evaluation of E-Complaints About Balloon Tours in Cappadocia, Turkey”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 19/74 (Nisan 2024), 267-297. https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.1394365.
JAMA Demirel İli N, Deniz G, Çokal Z, Yılmaz N. Evaluation of E-Complaints About Balloon Tours in Cappadocia, Turkey. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. 2024;19:267–297.
MLA Demirel İli, Nilgün vd. “Evaluation of E-Complaints About Balloon Tours in Cappadocia, Turkey”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, c. 19, sy. 74, 2024, ss. 267-9, doi:10.19168/jyasar.1394365.
Vancouver Demirel İli N, Deniz G, Çokal Z, Yılmaz N. Evaluation of E-Complaints About Balloon Tours in Cappadocia, Turkey. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. 2024;19(74):267-9.
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