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Robotics in the Tourism: Robot Chefs and Robot Waiters in Food-Beverage Sector

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 18 Sayı: Yönetim ve Organizasyon Özel Sayısı, 1849 - 1882, 10.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.899296

Öz

One of the most exciting technological developments within the tourism sector in recent years has been the increased prevalence of robots. Robots can be employed as an employee in the tourism sector along with health, medicine, chemistry, food and agriculture industries. Nowadays, unless tourism firms use to technology in their works process they cannot be succesful. Like other sectors (for example education, travel, entertainment etc.), the food and beverage sector is among the sectors most affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. The Covid-19 pandemic crisis has started a new epoch in the food industry. Covid-19 is a type of virus with a highly contagious effect that spreads when people come into contact with each other. Therefore, the implication of the robot technologies which proves untouched by human hand, will become more significant for the food service industry. The primary aim of the present study is to discuss the human-robot interaction, the current situation of robot technology in tourism sector, especially the use of robot chef, and robot waiters in food and beverage businesses and future trends. For this study, the tourism literature on the subject was examined and a review was made using the secondary studies, which were secondary data. Reference search includes searching with keywords (robots in tourism, robotics, robot-human interaction eg.) from published journals, research reports and studies in google, google scholar and science direct recent years. Within the scope of the study results, the use of robots will increase in the tourism sector in future. The food and beverage sector, as a sub-branch of the tourism sector, is directly affected by the developments. For this reason, robots can be employed as a waiter robots or chef robots in food and beverage business in the near future.

Kaynakça

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Turizmde Robotlaşma: Yiyecek-İçecek Sektöründe Robot Şefler ve Robot Garsonlar

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 18 Sayı: Yönetim ve Organizasyon Özel Sayısı, 1849 - 1882, 10.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.899296

Öz

Son dönemlerde teknolojideki heyecan verici gelişmelerden biri de turizm sektöründeki robot kullanımının yaygınlaşmasıdır. Robotların sağlık, ilaç, kimya, gıda ve tarım endüstrilerinde bir işçi gibi çalıştırılmalarının yanı sıra turizm sektöründe de benzer şekilde çalıştırılmaya başlandığı görülmektedir. Günümüzde turizm işletmeleri iş süreçlerinde teknolojiyi kullanmadıkça başarılı olamazlar. Diğer sektörler gibi yiyecek-içecek sektörü de Covid-19 pandemisinden en çok etkilenen sektörler arasında yer almaktadır. Bu kriz, gıda sektöründeki tüm işletmeler için yeni bir çağın başlangıcı olmuştur. Covid-19, insanlar birbirleriyle temas ettiğinde yayılan, oldukça bulaşıcı etkiye sahip bir virüs türüdür. Bu nedenle, yiyecek-içecek işletmeleri için insan temasının en düşük seviyede tutulmasını sağlayan robot teknolojisinin etkin bir şekilde kullanımı daha da önemli hale gelecektir. Bu çalışmanın öncelikli amacı, robot-insan etkileşimi, turizm sektöründe robotların kullanım alanı özellikle yiyecek-içecek sektöründe robot şeflerin ve robot garsonların mevcut durumu ve geleceğe yönelik eğilimlerine yer vermektir. Çalışma amacı doğrultusunda, konuyla ilgili turizm alan yazını incelenerek ikincil veri olan daha önceki araştırmalardan yararlanılarak derleme yoluyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler (turizmde robotlar, robotlaşma, robot-insan etkileşimi örnekleri vb.) ile google, google scholar ve science direct’te son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar taranmış, sektör uygulamaları derlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları kapsamında, turizm sektöründe robotların kullanım alanlarının giderek artacağı görülmektedir. Yiyecek-içecek sektörü de turizm sektörünün bir alt kolu olarak gelişmelerden doğrudan etkilenmektedir. Bu nedenle, yakın gelecekte yiyecek-içecek sektöründe de robot garsonlar, robot şefler gibi çalışanları görme ihtimalimiz artmaktadır.

Kaynakça

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  • Barnett, W., Foos, A., Gruber, T., Keeling, D., Keeling, K. and Nasr, L. (2014). Consumer perceptions of interactive service robots: a value-dominant logic perspective. The 23rd IEEE international symposium on robot and human interactive communication, Edinburgh, UK, s. 1134-1139. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2014.6926404.
  • Belanche,D., Casaló, L., V. and Flavián, C. (2020). Frontline robots in tourism and hospitality: Service enhancement or cost reduction?. Electronic Markets, 1-16. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-020-00432-5.
  • Bozkurt Uzan, Ş. ve Sevimli, Y. (2020). Gastronomideki robotik uygulamalar ve yapay zekâ. Tourism and Recreation, 2(2), 46-58.
  • Bucak, T. ve Yiğit, S. (2020). The future of the chef occupation and the food and beverage sector after the covid-19 outbreak: Opinions of Turkish chefs. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 92, 1-8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102682.
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  • Collins, G. (2015). The rise of robotics in hospitality, HITEC 2015 special report. 2 Mart 2021 tarihinde https://www.hftp.org/hitec/i/down-loads/H15SRw.pdf/ adresinden erişildi.
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  • Kinder Travel Guide. (2021). Hajime Robot Restaurant. 6 Mart 2021 tarihinde https://kindertravelguide.com/travel-directory/hajime-robot-restaurant/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Kopp, J. (2019, Ağustos 28). Meet 'Sally,' jefferson health's new salad-dishing robot. 1 Mart 2021 tarihinde https://www.phillyvoice.com/thomas-jefferson-hospital-robot-salad-healthy-food/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Kuo, C.-M., Chen, L.-C. and Tseng, C.-Y. (2017). Investigating an innovative service with hospitality robots. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(5), 1305-1321.
  • Lin, P., Abney, K. ve Bekey, G. (2011). Robot ethics: Mapping the issues for a mechanized world. Artificial Intelligence, 175(5-6), 942-949.
  • Lu, L., Cai, R. and Gursoy, D. (2019). Developing and validating a service robot integration willingness scale. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 80, 36–51.
  • Lu, L., Zhang, P. and Zhang, T.(C). (2021). Leveraging “human-likeness” of robotic service at restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 94, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102823.
  • Mahalik, N.,P. and Nambiar, Y. (2009). Extending field bus standards to food processing and packaging industry: A review. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 31(3). 586-598.
  • Mathath, A. and Fernando, Y. (2017). Robotic transformation and its business applications in food industry, s.281-305. 29 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313474243_Robo-tic_Transformation_and_its_Business_Applications_in_Food_Industry adresinden erişildi.
  • Mil, B. and Dirican, C. (2018). Endüstri 4.0 teknolojileri ve turizme etkileri. Jomat Disiplinlerarası Akademik Turizm Dergisi, 1(3), 1-9.
  • Moon, M. (2018, Mayıs 4). Robotic woks are the chefs in this Boston Restaurant. 5 Şubat 2021 tarihinde https://www.engadget.com/2018-05-04-boston-robotic-kitchen-spyce.html adresinden erişildi.
  • Murphy, J., Hofacker, C. and Gretzel, U. (2017). Dawning of the age of robots in hospitality and tourism: Challenges for teaching and research. European Journal of Tourism Research, 15, 104-111.
  • Murphy, J., Gretzel, U. and Pesonen, J. (2019). Marketing robot services in hospitality and tourism: the role of anthropomorphism. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 36(7), 784-795.
  • Nguyen, C. (2016, Temmuz 26). Restaurants in China are replacing waiters with robots. 04 Mart 2021 tarihinde https://www.businessinsider.com/-chinese-restaurant-robot-waiters-2016-7 adresinden erişildi.
  • Papathanassis, A. (2017). R-tourism: Introducing the potential impact of robotics and service automation in tourism. Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, 1, 211-216.
  • Pieska, S., Luimula, M., Jauhiainen, J. and Spiz, V. (2013). Social service robots in wellness and restaurant applications. Journal of Communication and Computer, 10, 116-123.
  • Prentice, C.; Lopes, S., D. and Wang, X. (2020). The impact of artificial intelligence and employee service quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 29(7), 739-756.
  • Reis, J., Melão, N., Salvadorinho, J., Soares, B. and Rosete, A. (2020). Service robots in the hospitality industry: The case of Henn-na hotel, Japan. Technology in Society, 63(C), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tech-soc.2020.101423
  • Reisinger, D. (2016). Pizza Hut adding “Pepper robots” to restaurants in Asia. 1 Mart 2021 tarihinde http://in.pcmag.com/robotics-automation/103569/news/pizza-hut-adding- pepper-robots-to-restaurants-in-asia adresinden erişildi.
  • Restaurant Technology News. (2019). Restaurant technology spotlight: AUTEC sushi robots. 20 Şubat 2021 tarihinde https://restauranttechnology-news.com/2019/10/restaurant-technology-spotlight-autec-sushi-robots/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Robinson, M. (2018). This startup is raising $750 million to outmaneuver Domino's and Pizza Hut with pizzas made by robots. 2 Mart 2021 tarihinde https://www.businessinsider.com/zume-pizza-robot-expansion-2017-6 adresinden erişildi.
  • Royal Caribbean International. (2021). Bionic bar. 5 Mart 2021 tarihinde Royal Caribbean International: https://www.royalcaribbean.com/cruise-dining/bionic-bar adresinden erişildi.
  • Sedacca, M. (2016, Ağustos 29). Are robots really destined to take over restaurant kitchens?. 3 Mart 2021 tarihinde https://www.eater.com/2016/-8/29/12660074/robot-restaurant-kitchen-labor adresinden erişildi.
  • Seyitoğlu, F. ve Ivanov, S. (2020). Service robots as a tool for physical distancing in tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 1-4. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/doi: 10.1080/13683500.2020.1774518.
  • Silverstein, E. (2020). Robot bartender at the bionic bar on Royal Caribbean Cruises.1 Mart 2021 tarihinde https://www.cruisecritic.com/articles-.cfm?ID=2454 adresinden erişildi.
  • The Smart Local Tailand. (2020). This Japanese buffet restaurant in bkk has a robot who waits tables and dances. 03 Mart 2021 tarihinde The Smart Local Tailand: https://thesmartlocal.com/thailand/hajime-robot-restaurant/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Travelzoo (2016). Travellers expect robots on their holidays by 2020. 7 Mart 2021 tarihinde https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/travellers-expect-robots-on-their-holidays-by-2020-571461481.html adresinden erişildi.
  • Trejos, N. (2016). USA Today, introducing Connie, Hilton’s new robot concierge. 8 Mart 2021 tarihinde https://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/-roadwarriorvoices/2016/03/09/introducing-connie-hiltons-new-robot-concierge/81525924/adresinden erişildi.
  • Trienekens, J. and Zuurbier, P. (2008). Quality and safety standards in the food industry. International Journal of Production Economics, 113(1), 107–122.
  • Tung, V., W., S. and Law, R. (2017). The potential for tourism and hospitality experience research in human-robot interactions. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(10), 2498–2513.
  • Tussyadiah, I. (2020). A review of research into automation in tourism: launching the annals of tourism research curated collection on artificial intelligence and robotics in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 81(3). 1-13.
  • Tussyadiah, I., P., Zach, F., J. and Wang, J. (2020). Do travelers trust intelligent service robots?. Annals of Tourism Research, 81, 1-14.
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  • Van Doorn, J., Mende, M., Noble, S., M., Hulland, J., Ostrom, A., L., Grewal, D. and Petersen, J., A. (2017). Domo arigato mr. roboto: emergence of automated social presence in organizational frontlines and customers’ service experiences. Journal of Service Researh, 20(1), 43–58.
  • Vatan, A. ve Doğan, S. (2021). What do hotel employess think about service robots? A qualitative study in Turkey. Tourism Management Perspectives, 37, 1-10.
  • Wilson, M. (2010). Developments in robot applications for food manufacturing. Industrial Robot: An International Journal, 37(6), 498-502.
  • Wirtz, J., Patterson, P. G., Kunz, W. H., Gruber, T., Lu, V. N., Paluch, S. and Martins, A. (2018). Brave new world: Service robots in the frontline. Journal of Service Management, 29(5), 907–931. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-04-2018-0119.
  • www.akinsoft.com.tr (2015). Garson robot Ada Cadde Meram Kafe & Robotik Uygulama Merkezi'nde hizmete başladı. 4 Şubat 2021 tarihinde https://www.akinsoft.com.tr/as/etkinlik/kutlamalar/sosyal/2015/cadde_meram/ adresinden erişildi.
  • www.akinsoft.com.tr (2019). İnsansı robot Mini ADA İstanbul Havalimanı’nda göreve başlıyor. 22 Şubat 2021 tarihinde https://www.akinsoft.com.tr/medya-merkezi/request.php?q=akinsoft-Miniada-istanbul-havalimani-6940 adresinden erişildi.
  • www.designboom.com. (2010). China's first robot restaurant. 3 Mart 2021 tarihinde designboom: https://www.designboom.com/technology/-chinas-first-robot-restaurant/ adresinden erişildi.
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  • www.hostitalitynet.org (2018). Millennium Hotels and Resorts deploys robotic solutions to its Singapore properties. 10 Mart 2021 tarihinde https://www.hospitalitynet.org/news/4090560.html adresinden erişildi.
  • www.turkiyeturizm.com (2010). Çin’de lokantada garson robotlar. 1 Mart 2021 tarihinde https://www.turkiyeturizm.com/cinde-lokantada-garson-robotlar-32365h.htm adresinden erişildi.
  • Yalçın Kayıkçı, M. ve Kutluk Bozkurt, A. (2018). Dijital çağda z ve alpha kuşağı, yapay zekâ uygulamaları ve turizme yansımaları. Sosyal Bilimler Metinleri, 1, 54-64.
  • Yıldız, S. (2018). Profesyonel turist rehberlerinin teknolojik rehber algısını belirlemeye yönelik bir araştırma: İstanbul örneği. Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research, 5(31), 4686-4697.
  • Yıldız, S. (2019). Turist rehberliği mesleğinde robot rehberlerin yükselişi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi, 10(23), 164-177.
  • Yülek, M, (2018). 11. Kalkınma Planı ve Türkiye’nin robotları. 2 Mart 2021 tarihinde https://www.dunya.com/kose-yazisi/11-kalkinma-plani-ve-turkiyenin-robotlari/401624 adresinden erişildi.
  • Zhu, D., H. and Chang, Y., P. (2020). Robot with humanoid hands cooks food better?. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(3), 1367-1383.
Toplam 86 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sosyoloji (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Gizem Özgürel 0000-0002-1161-3721

Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Temmuz 2021
Kabul Tarihi 3 Haziran 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 18 Sayı: Yönetim ve Organizasyon Özel Sayısı

Kaynak Göster

APA Özgürel, G. (2021). Turizmde Robotlaşma: Yiyecek-İçecek Sektöründe Robot Şefler ve Robot Garsonlar. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 18(Yönetim ve Organizasyon Özel Sayısı), 1849-1882. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.899296

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