Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2020, Cilt: 125 Sayı: 246, 109 - 128, 25.06.2020

Öz

Kaynakça

  • A.T. Kearney: Global Cities: Leaders in a World of Disruptive Innovation, A.T. Kearney, Chicago, 2017.
  • Airports Council International, ‘‘World’s 20 busiest airports’’, (Çevrimiçi), https://aci.aero/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/2486_Top-20- Busiest-Airport_passenger_v3_web.pdf, 2019, 15 Ocak 2010.
  • Anadolu Ajansı, ‘‘Türkiye'de 6 ayda 6 binin üzerinde yabancı şirket kuruldu.’’, (Çevrimiçi), https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/ekonomi/turkiyede-6-ayda-6-binin-uzerinde-yabanci-sirket-kuruldu/1538991, 2019, 20 Ocak 2020.
  • Bassens, David and van Meeteren, Michiel: ‘‘World cities under conditions of financialized globalization: Towards an augmented world city hypothesis’’, Progress in Human Geography, Vol.39, Iss.6, 2015; ss.752-775.
  • Bhandari, Arabinda and Verma, Raghunad Prasad: Strategic Management: A Conceptual Framework, McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2013.
  • Brenner, Neil: New State Spaces: Urban Governance and Rescaling of Statehood, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2004.
  • Brenner, Neil: New Urban Spaces: Urban Theory and the Scale Question, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2018.
  • Breul, Moritz: Gateway Cities in Global Production Networks: Insights from the Oil and Gas Industry in Southeast Asia, Springer, Cham, 2020.
  • Cesar Ducruet, ‘‘Mapping Global Urban Interactions: Maritime Flows and Port Hierarchies since the Late Nineteenth Century’’, (Çevrimiçi), https://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb429.html, 2013, [21 Ocak 2020].
  • Chubarov, Ilya and Brooker, Daniel: ‘‘Multiple pathways to global city formation: A functional approach and review of recent evidence in China’’, Cities, Vol. 35, 2013, ss. 181-189
  • Csomos, György and Derudder, Ben: ‘‘Ranking Asia-Pacific cities: Economic performance of multinational corporations and the regional urban hierarchy’’, Bulletin of Geography, Vol.25 Iss.25, 2014, ss. 69–80.
  • Csomos, György: ‘‘Cities as command and control centres of the world economy: An empirical analysis, 2006–2015’’, Bulletin of Geography, Vol.38, 2017, ss.7-26.
  • Daily Sabah,’’. Danish pharma giant Novo Nordisk makes Istanbul regional management hub’’, (Çevrimiçi), 2020, https://www.dailysabah.com/economy/2020/01/13/danish-pharma-giant-novo-nordisk-makes-istanbul-regional-management-hub, 20 Ocak 2020.
  • Derudder, Ben and Taylor, Peter James: ‘‘Change in the world city network, 2000–2012’’, Professional Geographer, Vol.68, Iss.4, 2016, ss.624–637.
  • Derudder, Ben and Taylor, Peter James: ‘‘Multiple geographies of global urban connectivity as measured in the interlocking network model’’, içinde Schwanen, Tim and van Kempen, Ronald (Ed.), Handbook of Urban Geography, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 2019; ss.77-102 Díez-Pisonero, Roberto: ‘‘Airports and cities in the context of globalisation: A multidimensional symbiosis in Adolfo Suárez‐Madrid Barajas Airport’’, The Geographical Journal, Vol. 185, Iss.4, 2019, 485-497.
  • Ergunsu, Umut: ‘‘Belt and Road will make Turkey-China cooperation a success’’, (Çevrimiçi), http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2017-06/01/content_29580844.htm, 2017, 15 Ocak 2020.
  • ESPON, Territorial Dynamics in Europe Gateway: Gateway Functions in Cities, ESPON Coordination Unit, Luxembourg, 2013.
  • European Commision, Annual Analyses of the EU Air Transport Market 2016 Final Report, Mott MacDonald, Croydon, 2017.
  • Friedmann, John and Wolff, Goetz: ‘‘World city formation: an agenda for research and action’’, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Vol. 6, Iss. 3, 1982, ss. 309–344
  • Friedmann, John: ‘‘The world city hypothesis’’, Development and Change, Vol.17, Iss.1, 1986, ss.69–83.
  • GaWC: ‘‘The World According to GaWC 2016’, Globalization and World Cities Network’’, (Çevrimiçi), http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2016t.html, 2017, 24 Ocak 2020.
  • Grant, Richard and Nijman, Jan: ‘‘Globalization and the corporate geography of cities in the less-developed world’’, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol.92, Iss.2, 2002, ss.320–340.
  • Han, Sun Sheng: ‘‘Global city making in Singapore: A real estate perspective’’, Progress in Planning, Vol.64, Iss.2, 2005, ss. 69-175.
  • Hoyler, Michael and Harrison, John: ‘‘Global cities research and urban theory making’’, Environment and Planning A, Vol.49, Iss.12, ss.2853–2858.
  • Hoyler, Michael and Taylor, Peter James (Ed.): Cities in Globalization (Global Cities, Vol 1), Routledge, London, 2013.
  • Hoyler, Michael; Parnreiter, Christof and Watson, Allan: ‘‘Agency and practice in the making of global cities: towards a renewed research agenda’’, içinde Hoyler, Michael; Parnreiter, Christof and Watson, Allan (Ed.), Global City Makers: Economic Actors and Practices in the World City Network, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, 2018, ss. 6–32.
  • Jimenez, Miguel; Tang, Bo-Sin; Yalcintan, Murat; Zibel, Ertan: ‘‘The global city hypothesis for the periphery: A comparative case study of Mexico City, Istanbul and Guangzhou’’, içinde Thornley, Andy and Rudin, Yvonne (Ed.), Planning in a Global Era, Ashgate, London, 2002, pp. 47–83.
  • Johannes Reichmuth and Peter Berster, ‘‘Past and Future Developments of the Global Air Traffic’’, içinde Kaltschmitt, Martin and Neuling, Ulf (Ed.); Biokerosene: Status and Prospects, Springer, Berlin, 2017, ss. 13-31.
  • Kasaba, Reşat (Ed.): The Cambridge History of Turkey Volume 4: Turkey in the Modern World, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2008.
  • Kesselring, Sven: ‘‘Global transfer points: the making of airports in the mobile risk society’’, içinde, Cwerner , Saulo; Kesselring, Sven and Urry, John (Ed.), Aeromobilities, Routledge, London and New York, 2009, ss. 39-59.
  • Keyder, Çağlar: ‘‘Istanbul in a global context’’, içinde, Burdett, Ricky, Istanbul: City of Intersections, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, 2009, ss.1–3.
  • Khanna, Parag: Connectography: Mapping the Future of Global Civilization, Random House, London, 2016.
  • Kleibert, Jana: ‘‘On the global city map, but not in command? Probing Manila’s position in the world city network’’, Environment and Planning A, Vol.49, Iss.12, 2017, ss.2897–2915.
  • Liu, Xingjian; Derudder, Ben and Talyor, Peter James: ‘‘Mapping the evolution of hierarchical and regional tendencies in the world city network, 2000-2010’’, Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, Vol.43, Iss.1, 2014, ss.51–66.
  • Lüthi, Stefan; Thierstein, Alain and Hoyler, Michael: ‘‘The world city network: Evaluating top-down versus bottom-up approaches’’, Cities, Vol.72, Iss. Part B, 2018, ss.287–294.
  • Mori Memorial Foundation, Global Power City Index 2019, Institute for Urban Strategies: The Mori Memorial Foundation, Tokyo, 2019.
  • Mülakat, Birleşmiş Kentler ve Yerel Yönetimler Dünya Teşkilatı, 2017.
  • Mülakat, Cumhurbaşkanlığı Yatırım Ofisi, 2017.
  • Mülakat, İstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı, 2017.
  • Mülakat, Kalkınma Bakanlığı, 2017.
  • Mülakat, Yabancı Yatırımcılar Derneği, 2016.
  • Ni, Pengfei; Kamiya, Marco and Ding, Ruxi: Cities Network Along the Silk Road: The Global Urban Competitiveness Report 2017, Springer, Singapore, 2017.
  • OAG, The OAG Megahubs Index 2019, OAG Aviation Worldwide Ltd, Chicago, 2019.
  • Parilla, Joseph; Trujillo, Jesus Leal, Berube, Alan and Ran, Tao: Global Metro Monitor 2014: An Uncertain Recovery, The Brookings Institution/Metropolitan Policy Program, Washington DC, 2015.
  • Parnreiter, Christof: ‘‘Network or hierarchical relations? A plea for redirecting attention to the control functions of global cities’’, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geographie, 2014, Vol. 105, Iss. 4, 2014, ss. 398-411.
  • Parnreiter, Christof; Haferburg, Christoph and Oßenbrügge, Jürgen: ‘‘Shifting corporate geographies in global cities of the South: Mexico City and Johannesburg as case studies’’, Die Erde, Vol.144, Iss.1, 2013, ss. 1–16.
  • Robinson, Jennifer: ‘‘Global and world cities: a view from off the map’’, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Vol. 26, Iss. 3, 2002, ss. 531-554.
  • Robinson, Jennifer: ‘‘Theorizing the global urban with “global and world cities research”: Beyond cities and synechdoche’’, Dialogues in Human Geography, Vol.6, Iss. 3, 2016, ss. 268–272.
  • Robinson, Jennifer: Ordinary Cities: Between Modernity and Development, Routledge, London, 2006.
  • Rossi, Elena and Taylor, Peter James: ‘‘'Gateway cities' in economic globalisation: How banks are using Brazilian cities’’, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Vol. 97, Iss.5, 2006, ss. 515-534.
  • Sassen, Saskia: ‘‘The Global City: Enabling Economic Intermediation and Bearing Its Costs’’, City and Community, Vol.15, Iss.2, 2016, ss. 97–108.
  • Sassen, Saskia: Cities in a World Economy, 5. Edition, SAGE, Thousand Oaks, 2019
  • Sassen, Saskia: The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo, 2. edition, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2001.
  • Sassen, Saskia: The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1991.
  • Scott, Allen J.: ‘‘Globalization and the rise of city-regions’’, European Planning Studies, Vol.9, Iss.7, 2001, ss.813–826.
  • Sheppard, Eric, Leitner, Helga and Maringanti, Anant: ‘‘Provincializing global urbanism: A manifesto’’, Urban Geography, Vol. 34, Iss. 7, 2013, ss.37–41.
  • Sigler, Tomas: ‘‘After the “world city” has globalised: Four agendas towards a more nuanced framework for global urban research’’, Geography Compass, Vol.10, Iss.9, 2016, ss. 389–398.
  • Sigler, Tomas: ‘‘Relational cities: Doha, Panama City, and Dubai as 21st century entrepôts’’, Urban Geography, Vol.34, Iss.5, 2013, ss. 612–633.
  • Smith, David and Timberlake, Michael: ‘‘World City Networks and Hierarchies, 1977-1997: An Empirical Analysis of Global Air Travel Links’’, American Behavioral Scientist, Vol.44, Iss.10, 2001, ss. 1656-1678.
  • Taylor, Peter James: ‘‘World cities and territorial states: the rise and fall of their mutuality’’, içinde Knox, Paul and Taylor, Peter James (Ed.), World Cities in a World-System, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,1995, pp.48–62.
  • Taylor, Peter James: Extraordinary Cities: Millennia of Moral Syndromes, World-Systems and City/State Relations, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 2013.
  • Taylor, Peter James; Derudder, Ben; Faulconbridge, James; Hoyler, Michael and Ni, Pengfei: ‘‘Advanced producer service firms as strategic networks, global cities as strategic places’’, Economic Geography, Vol.90, Iss.3, 2014, ss.267–291.
  • THY: Türk Hava Yolları 2016 Faaliyet Raporu, Türk Hava Yolları, İstanbul, 2017.
  • Ünal, Ali: ‘‘Belt and Road Project to Boost Turkish Economy, New Envoy to China Says’’, (Çevrimiçi), https://www.dailysabah.com/economy/2017/11/20/belt-and-road-project-to-boost-turkish-economy-new-envoy-to-china-says-1511345526, 2017, 9 Ocak 2020.
  • Walker, D. R. F. and Taylor, Peter James: ‘‘Istanbul: Gateway between East and West under Conditions of Contemporary Globalization?’’, (Çevrimiçi), http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/projects/project9.html, 2000, 23 Ocak 2020.
  • Yang, Xiaolan; Derudder, Ben; Taylor, Peter James; Ni, Pengfei and Shen, Wei: ‘‘Asymmetric global network connectivities in the world city network, 2013’’, Cities, Vol.60, Iss.2017, 2017, ss.84–90.
  • Yıldırım, Tansu and Mullineux, Andrew: ‘‘An empirical assessment of the Istanbul International Financial Centre Project’’, Cities, Vol.48, Iss. 2015, 2015, ss.1–7.

Bir Küresel Kent Olarak İstanbul’un Küresel Ekonomideki Konumu ve İşlevlerine Dair Kısa Bir Değerlendirme

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 125 Sayı: 246, 109 - 128, 25.06.2020

Öz

Küresel kapitalist ekonomik sistemdeki genişlemenin bir sonucu olarak, son yıllarda küresel ve dünya kentlerinin sayısı, işlevleri ve sınır ötesi bağlantılarında dikkate değer bir gelişme yaşandı. Bu gelişmeye paralel olarak, giderek artan sayıda küresel ve dünya kenti araştırmacısı, bu yeni küreselleşen şehirlerin küresel ekonomik düzende üstlendiği işlevleri araştırmaya ve küresel kent ağlarında nasıl konumlandırılabileceğini tartışmaya başladı. Literatürdeki bu güncel girişimlere ampirik bir katkıda bulunmak amacıyla, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelere dayanan nitel bir vaka çalışması olarak tasarlanan bu makale, yeni küreselleşen şehirlerin arasında en fazla gelişme gösterenlerden biri olan İstanbul'un küresel ve bölgesel işlevlerini analiz etmektedir. Araştırmanın bulguları, küresel şehirler sisteminde ikincil bir öneme sahip olmasına rağmen İstanbul'un önde gelen bir bölgesel komuta ve kontrol noktası, bir geçit ve bir bölgesel havayolu ulaşım merkezi olarak değerlendirilebileceğini göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • A.T. Kearney: Global Cities: Leaders in a World of Disruptive Innovation, A.T. Kearney, Chicago, 2017.
  • Airports Council International, ‘‘World’s 20 busiest airports’’, (Çevrimiçi), https://aci.aero/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/2486_Top-20- Busiest-Airport_passenger_v3_web.pdf, 2019, 15 Ocak 2010.
  • Anadolu Ajansı, ‘‘Türkiye'de 6 ayda 6 binin üzerinde yabancı şirket kuruldu.’’, (Çevrimiçi), https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/ekonomi/turkiyede-6-ayda-6-binin-uzerinde-yabanci-sirket-kuruldu/1538991, 2019, 20 Ocak 2020.
  • Bassens, David and van Meeteren, Michiel: ‘‘World cities under conditions of financialized globalization: Towards an augmented world city hypothesis’’, Progress in Human Geography, Vol.39, Iss.6, 2015; ss.752-775.
  • Bhandari, Arabinda and Verma, Raghunad Prasad: Strategic Management: A Conceptual Framework, McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2013.
  • Brenner, Neil: New State Spaces: Urban Governance and Rescaling of Statehood, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2004.
  • Brenner, Neil: New Urban Spaces: Urban Theory and the Scale Question, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2018.
  • Breul, Moritz: Gateway Cities in Global Production Networks: Insights from the Oil and Gas Industry in Southeast Asia, Springer, Cham, 2020.
  • Cesar Ducruet, ‘‘Mapping Global Urban Interactions: Maritime Flows and Port Hierarchies since the Late Nineteenth Century’’, (Çevrimiçi), https://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb429.html, 2013, [21 Ocak 2020].
  • Chubarov, Ilya and Brooker, Daniel: ‘‘Multiple pathways to global city formation: A functional approach and review of recent evidence in China’’, Cities, Vol. 35, 2013, ss. 181-189
  • Csomos, György and Derudder, Ben: ‘‘Ranking Asia-Pacific cities: Economic performance of multinational corporations and the regional urban hierarchy’’, Bulletin of Geography, Vol.25 Iss.25, 2014, ss. 69–80.
  • Csomos, György: ‘‘Cities as command and control centres of the world economy: An empirical analysis, 2006–2015’’, Bulletin of Geography, Vol.38, 2017, ss.7-26.
  • Daily Sabah,’’. Danish pharma giant Novo Nordisk makes Istanbul regional management hub’’, (Çevrimiçi), 2020, https://www.dailysabah.com/economy/2020/01/13/danish-pharma-giant-novo-nordisk-makes-istanbul-regional-management-hub, 20 Ocak 2020.
  • Derudder, Ben and Taylor, Peter James: ‘‘Change in the world city network, 2000–2012’’, Professional Geographer, Vol.68, Iss.4, 2016, ss.624–637.
  • Derudder, Ben and Taylor, Peter James: ‘‘Multiple geographies of global urban connectivity as measured in the interlocking network model’’, içinde Schwanen, Tim and van Kempen, Ronald (Ed.), Handbook of Urban Geography, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 2019; ss.77-102 Díez-Pisonero, Roberto: ‘‘Airports and cities in the context of globalisation: A multidimensional symbiosis in Adolfo Suárez‐Madrid Barajas Airport’’, The Geographical Journal, Vol. 185, Iss.4, 2019, 485-497.
  • Ergunsu, Umut: ‘‘Belt and Road will make Turkey-China cooperation a success’’, (Çevrimiçi), http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2017-06/01/content_29580844.htm, 2017, 15 Ocak 2020.
  • ESPON, Territorial Dynamics in Europe Gateway: Gateway Functions in Cities, ESPON Coordination Unit, Luxembourg, 2013.
  • European Commision, Annual Analyses of the EU Air Transport Market 2016 Final Report, Mott MacDonald, Croydon, 2017.
  • Friedmann, John and Wolff, Goetz: ‘‘World city formation: an agenda for research and action’’, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Vol. 6, Iss. 3, 1982, ss. 309–344
  • Friedmann, John: ‘‘The world city hypothesis’’, Development and Change, Vol.17, Iss.1, 1986, ss.69–83.
  • GaWC: ‘‘The World According to GaWC 2016’, Globalization and World Cities Network’’, (Çevrimiçi), http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2016t.html, 2017, 24 Ocak 2020.
  • Grant, Richard and Nijman, Jan: ‘‘Globalization and the corporate geography of cities in the less-developed world’’, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol.92, Iss.2, 2002, ss.320–340.
  • Han, Sun Sheng: ‘‘Global city making in Singapore: A real estate perspective’’, Progress in Planning, Vol.64, Iss.2, 2005, ss. 69-175.
  • Hoyler, Michael and Harrison, John: ‘‘Global cities research and urban theory making’’, Environment and Planning A, Vol.49, Iss.12, ss.2853–2858.
  • Hoyler, Michael and Taylor, Peter James (Ed.): Cities in Globalization (Global Cities, Vol 1), Routledge, London, 2013.
  • Hoyler, Michael; Parnreiter, Christof and Watson, Allan: ‘‘Agency and practice in the making of global cities: towards a renewed research agenda’’, içinde Hoyler, Michael; Parnreiter, Christof and Watson, Allan (Ed.), Global City Makers: Economic Actors and Practices in the World City Network, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, 2018, ss. 6–32.
  • Jimenez, Miguel; Tang, Bo-Sin; Yalcintan, Murat; Zibel, Ertan: ‘‘The global city hypothesis for the periphery: A comparative case study of Mexico City, Istanbul and Guangzhou’’, içinde Thornley, Andy and Rudin, Yvonne (Ed.), Planning in a Global Era, Ashgate, London, 2002, pp. 47–83.
  • Johannes Reichmuth and Peter Berster, ‘‘Past and Future Developments of the Global Air Traffic’’, içinde Kaltschmitt, Martin and Neuling, Ulf (Ed.); Biokerosene: Status and Prospects, Springer, Berlin, 2017, ss. 13-31.
  • Kasaba, Reşat (Ed.): The Cambridge History of Turkey Volume 4: Turkey in the Modern World, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2008.
  • Kesselring, Sven: ‘‘Global transfer points: the making of airports in the mobile risk society’’, içinde, Cwerner , Saulo; Kesselring, Sven and Urry, John (Ed.), Aeromobilities, Routledge, London and New York, 2009, ss. 39-59.
  • Keyder, Çağlar: ‘‘Istanbul in a global context’’, içinde, Burdett, Ricky, Istanbul: City of Intersections, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, 2009, ss.1–3.
  • Khanna, Parag: Connectography: Mapping the Future of Global Civilization, Random House, London, 2016.
  • Kleibert, Jana: ‘‘On the global city map, but not in command? Probing Manila’s position in the world city network’’, Environment and Planning A, Vol.49, Iss.12, 2017, ss.2897–2915.
  • Liu, Xingjian; Derudder, Ben and Talyor, Peter James: ‘‘Mapping the evolution of hierarchical and regional tendencies in the world city network, 2000-2010’’, Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, Vol.43, Iss.1, 2014, ss.51–66.
  • Lüthi, Stefan; Thierstein, Alain and Hoyler, Michael: ‘‘The world city network: Evaluating top-down versus bottom-up approaches’’, Cities, Vol.72, Iss. Part B, 2018, ss.287–294.
  • Mori Memorial Foundation, Global Power City Index 2019, Institute for Urban Strategies: The Mori Memorial Foundation, Tokyo, 2019.
  • Mülakat, Birleşmiş Kentler ve Yerel Yönetimler Dünya Teşkilatı, 2017.
  • Mülakat, Cumhurbaşkanlığı Yatırım Ofisi, 2017.
  • Mülakat, İstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı, 2017.
  • Mülakat, Kalkınma Bakanlığı, 2017.
  • Mülakat, Yabancı Yatırımcılar Derneği, 2016.
  • Ni, Pengfei; Kamiya, Marco and Ding, Ruxi: Cities Network Along the Silk Road: The Global Urban Competitiveness Report 2017, Springer, Singapore, 2017.
  • OAG, The OAG Megahubs Index 2019, OAG Aviation Worldwide Ltd, Chicago, 2019.
  • Parilla, Joseph; Trujillo, Jesus Leal, Berube, Alan and Ran, Tao: Global Metro Monitor 2014: An Uncertain Recovery, The Brookings Institution/Metropolitan Policy Program, Washington DC, 2015.
  • Parnreiter, Christof: ‘‘Network or hierarchical relations? A plea for redirecting attention to the control functions of global cities’’, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geographie, 2014, Vol. 105, Iss. 4, 2014, ss. 398-411.
  • Parnreiter, Christof; Haferburg, Christoph and Oßenbrügge, Jürgen: ‘‘Shifting corporate geographies in global cities of the South: Mexico City and Johannesburg as case studies’’, Die Erde, Vol.144, Iss.1, 2013, ss. 1–16.
  • Robinson, Jennifer: ‘‘Global and world cities: a view from off the map’’, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Vol. 26, Iss. 3, 2002, ss. 531-554.
  • Robinson, Jennifer: ‘‘Theorizing the global urban with “global and world cities research”: Beyond cities and synechdoche’’, Dialogues in Human Geography, Vol.6, Iss. 3, 2016, ss. 268–272.
  • Robinson, Jennifer: Ordinary Cities: Between Modernity and Development, Routledge, London, 2006.
  • Rossi, Elena and Taylor, Peter James: ‘‘'Gateway cities' in economic globalisation: How banks are using Brazilian cities’’, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Vol. 97, Iss.5, 2006, ss. 515-534.
  • Sassen, Saskia: ‘‘The Global City: Enabling Economic Intermediation and Bearing Its Costs’’, City and Community, Vol.15, Iss.2, 2016, ss. 97–108.
  • Sassen, Saskia: Cities in a World Economy, 5. Edition, SAGE, Thousand Oaks, 2019
  • Sassen, Saskia: The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo, 2. edition, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2001.
  • Sassen, Saskia: The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1991.
  • Scott, Allen J.: ‘‘Globalization and the rise of city-regions’’, European Planning Studies, Vol.9, Iss.7, 2001, ss.813–826.
  • Sheppard, Eric, Leitner, Helga and Maringanti, Anant: ‘‘Provincializing global urbanism: A manifesto’’, Urban Geography, Vol. 34, Iss. 7, 2013, ss.37–41.
  • Sigler, Tomas: ‘‘After the “world city” has globalised: Four agendas towards a more nuanced framework for global urban research’’, Geography Compass, Vol.10, Iss.9, 2016, ss. 389–398.
  • Sigler, Tomas: ‘‘Relational cities: Doha, Panama City, and Dubai as 21st century entrepôts’’, Urban Geography, Vol.34, Iss.5, 2013, ss. 612–633.
  • Smith, David and Timberlake, Michael: ‘‘World City Networks and Hierarchies, 1977-1997: An Empirical Analysis of Global Air Travel Links’’, American Behavioral Scientist, Vol.44, Iss.10, 2001, ss. 1656-1678.
  • Taylor, Peter James: ‘‘World cities and territorial states: the rise and fall of their mutuality’’, içinde Knox, Paul and Taylor, Peter James (Ed.), World Cities in a World-System, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,1995, pp.48–62.
  • Taylor, Peter James: Extraordinary Cities: Millennia of Moral Syndromes, World-Systems and City/State Relations, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 2013.
  • Taylor, Peter James; Derudder, Ben; Faulconbridge, James; Hoyler, Michael and Ni, Pengfei: ‘‘Advanced producer service firms as strategic networks, global cities as strategic places’’, Economic Geography, Vol.90, Iss.3, 2014, ss.267–291.
  • THY: Türk Hava Yolları 2016 Faaliyet Raporu, Türk Hava Yolları, İstanbul, 2017.
  • Ünal, Ali: ‘‘Belt and Road Project to Boost Turkish Economy, New Envoy to China Says’’, (Çevrimiçi), https://www.dailysabah.com/economy/2017/11/20/belt-and-road-project-to-boost-turkish-economy-new-envoy-to-china-says-1511345526, 2017, 9 Ocak 2020.
  • Walker, D. R. F. and Taylor, Peter James: ‘‘Istanbul: Gateway between East and West under Conditions of Contemporary Globalization?’’, (Çevrimiçi), http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/projects/project9.html, 2000, 23 Ocak 2020.
  • Yang, Xiaolan; Derudder, Ben; Taylor, Peter James; Ni, Pengfei and Shen, Wei: ‘‘Asymmetric global network connectivities in the world city network, 2013’’, Cities, Vol.60, Iss.2017, 2017, ss.84–90.
  • Yıldırım, Tansu and Mullineux, Andrew: ‘‘An empirical assessment of the Istanbul International Financial Centre Project’’, Cities, Vol.48, Iss. 2015, 2015, ss.1–7.
Toplam 67 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Kentsel Politika
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Özgür Sayın

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Haziran 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Ocak 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 125 Sayı: 246

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Sayın, Özgür. “Bir Küresel Kent Olarak İstanbul’un Küresel Ekonomideki Konumu Ve İşlevlerine Dair Kısa Bir Değerlendirme”. Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları 125, sy. 246 (Haziran 2020): 109-28.