Öz
Türkiye; doğal gaz rezervleriyle tüketim bölgeleri arasında doğal bir köprü olma özelliği sebebiyle başarılı bir doğal gaz ticaret merkezi kurulabilmek adına büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir. Bugüne kadar Türkiye’de doğal gaz ticaretinin geliştirilmesi ve doğal gaz ticaret merkezi oluşturulması konusunda çeşitli adımlar atılmış olsa da, Türkiye bu konuda hala uzun bir yola sahiptir. Bu kapsamda, “Türkiye bir doğal gaz ticaret merkezini nasıl kurar ve bir doğal gaz ticaret merkezi kurmak için gereklilikler nelerdir?” soruları gündeme gelmektedir. Bu açıdan, bu çalışmada Türkiye doğal gaz piyasasının mevcut yapısı, gelişmiş Avrupa piyasaları ile de karşılaştırılarak analiz edilmiş ve Türkiye’nin başarılı bir doğal gaz ticaret merkezi oluşturabilmesi için gerekli piyasa yapısı hususunda çeşitli politika önerileri sunulmuştur. Bu çalışmada elde edilen en önemli sonuç Türkiye’nin uzun dönemli doğal gaz alım kontratlarının sona ermesi öncesinde stratejik bir yol haritası çizmesi gerekliliği olduğudur.
Anahtar Kelimeler
enerji politikaları doğal gaz piyasası doğal gaz ticaret merkezi serbestleşme
Kaynakça
- Akcollu, Y. (2006). Major Challenges to the liberalization of the Turkish Natural Gas Market, OIES.
- Austvik, O.G., Rzayeva, G. (2017). Turkey in the geopolitics of energy, Energy Policy, 107, 539–47.
- Bianco V, Scarpa F, Tagliafico LA. (2015). Current situation and future perspectives of European natural gas sector. Front Energy, 9, 1-6.
- Biresselioglu, M.E, Kaplan, M.D., Ozyorulmaz,(2019). E. Towards a liberalized Turkish natural gas market: a SWOT analysis Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, 2.
- Blaket, S., Srinivasan, S., Laurent, R., Grainge, Z., Ritter, F.(2018) The Swing in Dutch gas: From autonomy to full dependence. Ihs Markit Strategic Report, 10-26.
- BOTAŞ(2020).Almanak.https://www.botas.gov.tr/uploads/sayfaResim/745066-almanak-son-26-subat-1-baski.pdf.(Access 15.05.2020).
- Cetin T, Oguz F. (2007). The reform in the Turkish natural gas market: A critical evaluation. Energy Policy, 35, 3856–67.
- EMRA. (2018). Market Rules and Procedures.
- EMRA. (2019). BOTAS Network Code on Gas Transmission System.
- Erdoğdu, E. (2007). Regulatory reform in Turkish energy industry: An analysis, Energy Policy, 2, 984-993.
- EXIST. (2019). Transparency Platform. https://seffaflik.epias.com.tr/transparency/ (Erişim: 01.02.2019).
- European Commission. (2014). Commission Regulation (EU) No 312/2014 of 26 March 2014 establishing a Network Code on Gas Balancing of Transmission Networks. Off J Eur Union 2014.15–35.
- Grandi, L. (2014). European gas markets: From oil indexation prices to spot prices?. Energy Brains
- Hulshof D, van der Maat JP, Mulder M. (2015). Market fundamentals, competition and natural-gas prices. Energy Policy. 94 ,80–91.
- Heather P. (2010). The Evolution and Functioning of the Traded Gas Market in Britain. OIES.
- Heather P. (2015) The evolution of European traded gas hubs. OIES.
- IEA. (2013). Developing a Natural Gas Trading Hub in Asia: Obstacles and Opportunities,1-83.
- Miriello C, Polo M. (2015). The development of gas hubs in Europe. Energy Policy, 84,177–90.
- Polo M, Scarpa C. (2012). International Journal of Industrial Organization Liberalizing the gas industry: Take-or-pay contracts, retail competition and wholesale trade. Int J Ind Organ ,31 ,64–82.
- Rzayeva G. (2014) Natural Gas in the Turkish Domestic Energy Market. OIES.
- Rzayeva G. Gas Supply Changes in Turkey. (2018). OIES.
- Tagliapietra S. (2014) Turkey as a Regional Natural Gas Hub: Myth or Reality? An Analysis of the Regional Gas Market Outlook, Beyond the Mainstream Rhetoric. Turkish Policy Q.
- Umucu T, Altunisik M, Kok M V, Umucu T, Altunisik M, Kok M V. (2012). Turkey as a Major Gas Transit Hub Country Turkey as a Major Gas Transit Hub Country. Energy Sources, Part A.
- Xiaoguang T, Jiong Z, Bo F. (2015). Strategic analysis on establishing a natural gas trading hub in China. Nat Gas Ind B, 1,210–20.
- Xunpeng S. (2016). Development of Europe ’ s gas hubs : Implications for East Asia. Nat Gas Ind B, 3, 357–66.
- Xunpeng S, Variam HMP. (2018). Key elements for functioning gas hubs : A case study of East Asia. Nat Gas Ind B, 5, 167–76.
Öz
Since Turkey is a natural bridge located between the gas reserves and consumption regions, it has a big potential to create a successful natural gas hub. Although initial steps have been taken to path the way to facilitate the gas trade and create a gas hub in Turkey, there is still a long way. In this study, we derived requirements from the literature to create a working gas hub, analyzed the Turkish natural gas market’s current structure in light of the derived requirements by benchmarking with developed European gas hubs, and made several policy suggestions to form a new market structure for the sake of creation of a successful gas hub. The most important result that we have obtained via this study is that Turkey is on a critical path before the expiration of long-term supply contracts and should draw a strategic path as soon as possible.
Anahtar Kelimeler
energy policy natural gas market natural gas hub liberalization
Kaynakça
- Akcollu, Y. (2006). Major Challenges to the liberalization of the Turkish Natural Gas Market, OIES.
- Austvik, O.G., Rzayeva, G. (2017). Turkey in the geopolitics of energy, Energy Policy, 107, 539–47.
- Bianco V, Scarpa F, Tagliafico LA. (2015). Current situation and future perspectives of European natural gas sector. Front Energy, 9, 1-6.
- Biresselioglu, M.E, Kaplan, M.D., Ozyorulmaz,(2019). E. Towards a liberalized Turkish natural gas market: a SWOT analysis Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, 2.
- Blaket, S., Srinivasan, S., Laurent, R., Grainge, Z., Ritter, F.(2018) The Swing in Dutch gas: From autonomy to full dependence. Ihs Markit Strategic Report, 10-26.
- BOTAŞ(2020).Almanak.https://www.botas.gov.tr/uploads/sayfaResim/745066-almanak-son-26-subat-1-baski.pdf.(Access 15.05.2020).
- Cetin T, Oguz F. (2007). The reform in the Turkish natural gas market: A critical evaluation. Energy Policy, 35, 3856–67.
- EMRA. (2018). Market Rules and Procedures.
- EMRA. (2019). BOTAS Network Code on Gas Transmission System.
- Erdoğdu, E. (2007). Regulatory reform in Turkish energy industry: An analysis, Energy Policy, 2, 984-993.
- EXIST. (2019). Transparency Platform. https://seffaflik.epias.com.tr/transparency/ (Erişim: 01.02.2019).
- European Commission. (2014). Commission Regulation (EU) No 312/2014 of 26 March 2014 establishing a Network Code on Gas Balancing of Transmission Networks. Off J Eur Union 2014.15–35.
- Grandi, L. (2014). European gas markets: From oil indexation prices to spot prices?. Energy Brains
- Hulshof D, van der Maat JP, Mulder M. (2015). Market fundamentals, competition and natural-gas prices. Energy Policy. 94 ,80–91.
- Heather P. (2010). The Evolution and Functioning of the Traded Gas Market in Britain. OIES.
- Heather P. (2015) The evolution of European traded gas hubs. OIES.
- IEA. (2013). Developing a Natural Gas Trading Hub in Asia: Obstacles and Opportunities,1-83.
- Miriello C, Polo M. (2015). The development of gas hubs in Europe. Energy Policy, 84,177–90.
- Polo M, Scarpa C. (2012). International Journal of Industrial Organization Liberalizing the gas industry: Take-or-pay contracts, retail competition and wholesale trade. Int J Ind Organ ,31 ,64–82.
- Rzayeva G. (2014) Natural Gas in the Turkish Domestic Energy Market. OIES.
- Rzayeva G. Gas Supply Changes in Turkey. (2018). OIES.
- Tagliapietra S. (2014) Turkey as a Regional Natural Gas Hub: Myth or Reality? An Analysis of the Regional Gas Market Outlook, Beyond the Mainstream Rhetoric. Turkish Policy Q.
- Umucu T, Altunisik M, Kok M V, Umucu T, Altunisik M, Kok M V. (2012). Turkey as a Major Gas Transit Hub Country Turkey as a Major Gas Transit Hub Country. Energy Sources, Part A.
- Xiaoguang T, Jiong Z, Bo F. (2015). Strategic analysis on establishing a natural gas trading hub in China. Nat Gas Ind B, 1,210–20.
- Xunpeng S. (2016). Development of Europe ’ s gas hubs : Implications for East Asia. Nat Gas Ind B, 3, 357–66.
- Xunpeng S, Variam HMP. (2018). Key elements for functioning gas hubs : A case study of East Asia. Nat Gas Ind B, 5, 167–76.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Ekonomi, Kamu Yönetimi, Uluslararası İlişkiler |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 22 Nisan 2021 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 19 Ocak 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 |
Cited By
Uluslararası Ekonomi ve Yenilik Dergisi
Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, İİBF, İktisat Bölümü, 61080, Trabzon/Türkiye
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.