Araştırma Makalesi
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Sosyal Bilgiler Dersinde Dönüşümsel Öğrenme Kuramının Öğrencilerin Çatışma Çözme Becerisine Etkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4, 665 - 682, 25.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.1330054

Öz

Bu araştırmada, sosyal bilgiler dersinde dönüşümsel öğrenme kuramının öğrencilerin çatışma çözme becerisine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, karma araştırma yöntemlerinden gömülü desen ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın katılımcı grubu çok aşamalı karma örnekleme yöntemi ile oluşturulmuştur. Katılımcı grupta bir sosyal bilgiler öğretmeni ve 51 tane 5. sınıf öğrencisi yer almıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında Çatışma Çözme Becerisi Ölçeği, iki adet yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ve yapılandırılmamış gözlem kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel verilerin analizinde bağımsız örneklemler için t-testi ve kovaryans analizi, nitel verilerin analizinde ise içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda sosyal bilgiler dersinde uygulanan dönüşümsel öğrenme kuramının öğrencilerin çatışma çözme becerilerinin gelişmesine katkı sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Öte taraftan dönüşümsel öğrenme kuramı ile yürütülen sosyal bilgiler derslerinin katılımcılar tarafından öğrencilerin zihinlerini karıştıran, onları şaşırtan, şüpheye düşüren, sorgulamaya ve çok boyutlu düşünmeye yönelten süreçler olarak görüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada ayrıca katılımcıların söz konusu derslerin öğrencileri araştırma yapmaya, analiz ve sentez yapmaya, kontrollü davranmaya yönelttiği ve öğrencilere çeşitli bilgi ve değerler kazandırdığı yönünde bakış açısına sahip oldukları da saptanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen sonuçlar kapsamında eğitim planlamacılarına ve araştırmacılara yönelik öneriler geliştirilmiştir.

Kaynakça

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  • Aguirre, G., Hyman, M. R., Goudge, D., Genchev, S., Carrell, A., & Hamilton, C. (2017). Teaching ethics to marketing and logistics majors: A transformative learning experiment. Journal of Education for Business, 92(3), 121-128. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2017.1294138
  • Avsec, S., & Ferk Savec, V. (2021). Pre-service teachers’ perceptions of, and experiences with, technology-enhanced transformative learning towards education for sustainable development. Sustainability, 13(18), 10443. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810443
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  • Bergeå, O., Karlsson, R., Hedlund-Åström, A., Jacobsson, P., & Luttropp, C. (2006). Education for sustainability as a transformative learning process: A pedagogical experiment in ecodesign doctoral education. Journal of Cleaner Production, 14(15-16), 1431-1442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.11.020
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The Impact of Transformative Learning Theory on Students' Conflict Resolution Skill in Social Studies Course

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4, 665 - 682, 25.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.1330054

Öz

In this study, it was aimed to examine the impact of transformative learning theory on students' conflict resolution skill in social studies course. Embedded design, one of the mixed research methods, was used in the study. The participant group was formed by multi-stage mixed sampling method. The participant group included a social studies teacher and 51 students in the 5th grade. Conflict resolution skill scale, two semi-structured interview forms and unstructured observation were used to collect the data. Independent sample t-test and covariance analysis were used to analyse the statistical data, while content analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data. At the end of the study, it was found that transformative learning theory increased students' conflict resolution skills. The results also revealed that social studies courses conducted with transformative learning theory were seen by the participants as processes that confuse students' minds, surprise them, make them doubt, lead them to questioning and multidimensional thinking. It was also found that the participants thought that the courses provided students with various knowledge and values, encouraged them to research, analyse and synthesize, and act in a controlled manner. Depending on the results obtained, recommendations for education planners and researchers were developed.

Kaynakça

  • Affolter, F. W., Richter, K., Afaq, K., Daudzai, A., Massood, M. T., Rahimi, N., & Sahebian, G. (2009). Transformative learning and mind-change in rural Afghanistan. Development in Practice, 19(3), 311-328. https://doi.org/10.1080/09614520902808027
  • Aguirre, G., Hyman, M. R., Goudge, D., Genchev, S., Carrell, A., & Hamilton, C. (2017). Teaching ethics to marketing and logistics majors: A transformative learning experiment. Journal of Education for Business, 92(3), 121-128. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2017.1294138
  • Avsec, S., & Ferk Savec, V. (2021). Pre-service teachers’ perceptions of, and experiences with, technology-enhanced transformative learning towards education for sustainable development. Sustainability, 13(18), 10443. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810443
  • Bang, A. H. (2016). The restorative and transformative power of the arts in conflict resolution. Journal of Transformative Education, 14(4), 355–376. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344616655886
  • Bayram, H. (2021). Transformatif (Transformative) öğrenme [Transformative learning]. In Suat polat & Bülent Aksoy (Eds.). Kuramdan uygulamaya sosyal bilgiler öğretiminde çağdaş öğrenme ve öğretme yaklaşımları [Contemporary learning and teaching approaches in social studies teaching from theory to practice] (pp.75-92). Ankara: Pegem Academy Publication.
  • Bergeå, O., Karlsson, R., Hedlund-Åström, A., Jacobsson, P., & Luttropp, C. (2006). Education for sustainability as a transformative learning process: A pedagogical experiment in ecodesign doctoral education. Journal of Cleaner Production, 14(15-16), 1431-1442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.11.020
  • Berger, J. G. (2004). Dancing on the threshold of meaning: Recognizing and understanding the growing edge. Journal of Transformative Education, 2, 336-351. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344604267697
  • Brown, K. M. (2005). Transformative adult learning strategies: Assessing the impact on pre-service administrators' beliefs. Educational Considerations, 32, 18-26. . https://doi.org/10.4148/0146-9282.1242
  • Bullen, J., & Roberts, L. (2019). Driving transformative learning within Australian indigenous studies. The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education, 48(1), 12-23. https://doi.org/10.1017/jie.2017.40
  • Bullen, J., & Roberts, L. (2019). ‘I wouldn’t have been culturally safe’: Health science students’ experiences of transformative learning within indigenous studies. Higher Education Research & Development, 38(4), 688-702. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2019.1586843
  • Burton, J. W. (1990). Conflict resolution as a political system. Working paper 1 published in Center for Conflict Analysis and Resolution. Virginia: George Mason University.
  • Bush, S. B., Cook, K. L., Edelen, D., & Cox Jr, R. (2020). Elementary students’ STEAM perceptions: Extending frames of reference through transformative learning experiences. The Elementary School Journal, 120(4), 692-714. https://doi.org/10.1086/708642
  • Chetkow Yanoov, B. (1996). Conflict-resolution skills can be taught. Peabody Journal of Education, 71(3), 12-28. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327930pje7103_1
  • Christie, M., Carey, M., Robertson, A., & Grainger, P. (2015). Putting transformative learning theory into practice. Australian Journal of Adult Learning, 55(1), 9-30. https://doi.org/10.3316/ielapa.069076554869878
  • Clements, C. A. (2003). Transformative learning through professional development in conflict resolution training. (Master’s dissertation). Faculty of Educaiton, University of Prince Edward Island.
  • Collins, R., & Sanderson, S. K. (2015). Conflict sociology: A sociological classic updated. Routledge.
  • Cottafava, D., Cavaglià, G., & Corazza, L. (2019). Education of sustainable development goals through students’ active engagement: A transformative learning experience. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 10(3), 521-544. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-05-2018-0152
  • Cox, R. C. (2017). Assessing transformative learning: Toward a unified framework. (PhD dissertation). University of Tennessee.
  • Cranton, P., & King, K. P. (2003). Transformative learning as a professional development goal. New perspectives on designing and implementing. Professional Development of Teachers of Adults, 98, 31-37. https://doi.org/10.1002/ace.97
  • Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
  • Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018) Qualitative inquiry and research design choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
  • Damianakis, T., Barrett, B., Archer Kuhn, B., Samson, P. L., Matin, S., & Ahern, C. (2020). Transformative learning in graduate education: Masters of social work students’ experiences of personal and professional learning. Studies in Higher Education, 45(9), 2011-2029. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2019.1650735
  • Deveci, H. & Bayram, H. (2022). Sosyal bilgilerin tanımı, kapsamı ve önemi [Definition, scope and importance of social studies]. In Ö. Gürdoğan Bayır & T. Selanik Ay (Eds.). İlk ve ortaokularda uygulama örnekleriyle sosyal bilgiler öğretimi [Social studies teaching with example activities in primary and secondary schools] (pp.11-34). Ankara: Vizetek Publication.
  • Dirkx, J. M., Mezirow, J., & Cranton, P. (2006). Musings and reflections on the meaning, context, and process of transformative learning: A dialogue between John M. Dirkx and Jack Mezirow. Journal of Transformative Education, 4(2), 123-139. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344606287503
  • Duveskog, D., Friis-Hansen, E., & Taylor, E. W. (2011). Farmer field schools in rural Kenya: A transformative learning experience. Journal of Development Studies, 47(10), 1529-1544. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2011.561328
  • Fleming, T. (2018). Mezirow and the theory of transformative learning. In V. Wang (Eds.), Critical theory and transformative learning (pp. 120-136). Pennsylvania: IGI Global.
  • Giles, D., & Alderson, S. (2008). An appreciative ınquiry into the transformative learning experiences of students in a family literacy project. Australian Journal of Adult Learning, 48(3), 465–478. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/ielapa.586093831949712
  • Gürdoğan Bayır Ö., & Gültekin, M. (2019). Reliability and validity work of conflict resolution skill scale. Anadolu Journal of Educational Sciences International, 9(1), 214-239. https://doi.org/10.18039/ajesi.520843
  • Haber Curran, P., & Tillapaugh, D. W. (2015). Student-centered transformative learning in leadership education: an examination of the teaching and learning process. Journal of Transformative Education, 13(1), 65–84. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344614559947
  • Hassi, M. L., & Laursen, S. L. (2015). Transformative learning: Personal empowerment in learning mathematics. Journal of Transformative Education, 13(4), 316-340. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344615587111
  • James, A. (2019). Making (non)sense of urban water flows: Qualities and processes for transformative and transgressive learning moments. Sustainability, 11(23), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236817
  • Karkoub, M., & Abdulla, S. (2020). Transformative learning experiences in mechanical engineering through mechatronics: From high school to college. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education, 48(1), 3-31. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306419018781532
  • Katz, N. H., Lawyer, J. W., Sosa, K. J., Sweedler, M., & Tokar, P. (2020). Communication and conflict resolution skills. Iowa: Kendall Hunt Publishing.
  • Kerton, S., & Sinclair, A. J. (2010). Buying local organic food: A pathway to transformative learning. Agriculture and Human Values, 27(4), 401-413. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-009-9233-6
  • King, K. P. (1997). Examining activities that promote perspective transformation among adult learners in higher education. (PhD dissertation). Faculty of the School of Human Service Professions, Widener University.
  • King, K. P. (2000). The adult ESL experience: Facilitating perspective transformation in the classroom. Adult Basic Education, 10, 69–90. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/ehe_facpub/209/
  • Kitchenham, A. (2008). The evolution of John Mezirow's transformative learning theory. Journal of Transformative Education, 6(2), 104-123. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344608322678
  • Kline, R. (2011). Convergence of structural equation modeling and multilevel modeling. In M. Williams, & W. P. Vogt (Eds.) The SAGE handbook of innovation in social research methods (pp.562-589). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
  • Kostoulas Makrakis, N. (2010). Developing and applying a critical and transformative model to address education for sustainable development in teacher education. Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability, 12(2), 17-26. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10099-009-0051-0
  • Kovan, J. T., & Dirkx, J. M. (2003). Being called awake: The role of transformative learning in the lives of environmental activists. Adult Education Quarterly, 53, (2), 99-118. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741713602238906
  • Kumi Yeboah, A., & James, W. (2014). Transformative learning experiences of international graduate students from Asian countries. Journal of Transformative Education, 12(1), 25-53. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344614538120
  • Kwon, C. K., Han, S. H., & Nicolaides, A. (2021). The transformative learning outcomes and processes survey: A validation study in the workplace context. Journal of Transformative Education, 19(4), 459-471. https://doi.org/10.1177/15413446211045175
  • Larson J. M., Fay M. (2016). Uncertainty management and sense making as precursors to transformative learning in an international immersion service-learning experience. International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 10, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.20429/ijsotl.2016.100106
  • Littrell, M. K., Gold, A. U., Koskey, K. L., May, T. A., Leckey, E., & Okochi, C. (2022). Transformative experience in an informal science learning program about climate change. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 59(6), 1010-1034. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.21750
  • McCusker P. (2013). Harnessing the potential of constructive developmental pedagogy to achieve transformative learning in social work education. Journal of Transformative Education, 11, 3-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344613482522
  • Mezirow, J. (1978). Perspective transformation. Adult Education, 28(2), 100-110. https://doi.org/10.1177/074171367802800202
  • Mezirow, J. (2000a). Learning to think like an adult: Transformation theory: Core concepts. In J. Mezirow and Associates (Eds.) Learning as transformation: Critical perspectives on a theory in progress (pp.3-33). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Mezirow, J. (2000b). Learning as transformation: Critical perspectives on a theory in progress. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Mezirow, J. (2003). Transformative learning as discourse. Journal of Transformative Education, 1(1), 58-63. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344603252172
  • Mezirow, J. (2006). An overview of transformative learning. In P. Sutherland & J. Crowther (Eds.), Lifelong learning: Concepts and contexts (pp. 24-38). New York: Routledge.
  • Mezirow, J. (2018). Transformative learning theory. In K. Illeris (Eds.) Contemporary theories of learning: Learning theorists... In their own words (pp.114-128). Routledge.
  • Mogren, A., & Gericke, N. (2017). ESD implementation at the school organisation level, part 2 – investigating the transformative perspective in school leaders’ quality strategies at ESD schools. Environmental Education Research, 23(7), 993-1014. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2016.1226266
  • Müller, P. A., Bäumer, T., Silberer, J., & Zimmermann, S. (2020). Using research methods courses to teach students about sustainable development - a three-phase model for a transformative learning experience. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 21(3), 427-439. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSHE-08-2019-0252
  • Müller, C. V., Scheffer, A. B. B., & Closs, L. Q. (2020). Volunteer tourism, transformative learning and its impacts on careers: The case of Brazilian volunteers. International Journal of Tourism Research, 22(6), 726-738. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2368
  • Nada, C. I., Montgomery, C., & Araújo, H. C. (2018). ‘You went to Europe and returned different’: Transformative learning experiences of international students in Portugal. European Educational Research Journal, 17(5), 696-713. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474904118765334
  • Neergaard, H., Robinson, S., & Jones, S. (2020). Transformative learning in the entrepreneurship education process: the role of pedagogical nudging and reflection. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 27(1), 251-277. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2020-0235
  • Nogueiras, G., Iborra, A., & Kunnen, S. E. (2019). Experiencing transformative learning in a counseling masters’ course: A process-oriented case study with a focus on the emotional experience. Journal of Transformative Education, 17(1), 71-95. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344618774022
  • Ntiri, D. W., & Stewart, M. (2009). Transformative learning intervention: Effect on functional health literacy and diabetes knowledge in older African Americans. Gerontology & Geriatrics Education, 30(2), 100-113. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701960902911265
  • Papenfuss, J., & Merritt, E. (2019). Pedagogical laboratories: A case study of transformative sustainability education in an ecovillage context. Sustainability, 11(14), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11143880
  • Probst, L., Bardach, L., Kamusingize, D., Templer, N., Ogwali, H., Owamani, A., Mulumba, L., Onwonga, R., & Adugna, B.T. (2019). A transformative university learning experience contributes to sustainability attitudes, skills and agency. Journal of Cleaner Production, 232, 648-656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.395
  • Pudjiarti, E. S., Putranti, H. R. D., & Nurchayati, N. (2019). Motivation to transfer training and ındividual performance: The ınfluence of transformative learning and supervisor support. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen, 10(2), 148-161. https://doi.org/10.15294/jdm.v10i2.19674
  • Resch, K. (2022). Diversity skills for future teachers: How transformative learning prepares pre-service teachers for diversity in Austrian schools. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 12(5), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1108/HESWBL-05-2022-0096
  • Saravanamuthu, K. (2015). Instilling a sustainability ethos in accounting education through the transformative learning pedagogy: A case-study. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 32, 1-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpa.2015.05.008
  • Saretsky, G. (1972). The OEO PC experiment and the John Henry effect. The Phi Delta Kappan, 53(9), 579-581. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/20373317
  • Shonkoff, E. T., Fitopoulos, T., & Folta, S. C. (2021). Employing technology industry methods to facilitate transformative learning experiences in the classroom: Insights from a pilot. Pedagogy in Health Promotion, 7(2), 127-134. https://doi.org/10.1177/2373379920925109
  • Smith, J. E., McAuliffe, G., & Rippard, K. S. (2014). Counseling students' transformative learning through a study abroad curriculum. Counselor Education and Supervision, 53(4), 306-319. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6978.2014.00065.x
  • Snyder, C. (2008). Grabbing hold of a moving target: Identifying and measuring the transformative learning process. Journal of Transformative Education, 6(3), 159-181. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344608327813
  • Southern, N.L. (2007). Mentoring for transformative learning: The importance of relationship in creating learning communities of care. Journal of Transformative Education, 5(4), 329-338. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344607310576
  • Sterling, S., Dawson, J., & Warwick, P. (2018). Transforming sustainability education at the creative edge of the mainstream: A case study of Schumacher college. Journal of Transformative Education, 16(4), 323-343. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344618784375
  • Stuckey, H.L., Taylor, E.W., & Cranton, P. (2013). Developing a survey of transformative learning outcomes and processes based on theoretical principles. Journal of Transformative Education, 11(4), 211-228. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344614540335
  • Sukcharoen, P., Sakunpong, N., & Sripa, K. (2020). Effectiveness of transformative learning on spirituality in palliative care among nursing students: A mixed methods study. The Journal of Behavioral Science, 15(3), 19-33. Retrieved from https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/IJBS/article/view/203591
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2019). Using multivariate statistics. Pearson.
  • Tavakol, M., & Dennick, R. (2011). Making sense of Cronbach's Alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, 2, 53-55. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.4dfb.8dfd
  • Taylor, E. W., & Snyder, M. J. (2012). A critical review of research on transformative learning theory, 2006-2010. In E. W. Taylor & P. Cranton (Eds.) The handbook of transformative learning: Theory, research, and practice (pp.37-55). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Teddlie, C., & Yu, F. (2007). Mixed methods sampling: A typology with examples. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(1), 77–100. https://doi.org/10.1177/1558689806292430
  • Walshe, N., & Tait, V. (2019). Making connections: A conference approach to developing transformative environmental and sustainability education within initial teacher education. Environmental Education Research, 25(12), 1731-1750. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2019.1677858
  • Westoby, P., & Lyons, K. (2017), The place of social learning and social movement in transformative learning: A case study of sustainability schools in Uganda. Journal of Transformative Education, 15(3), 223-240. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344617696970
  • Wilner, A. S., & Dubouloz, C. J. (2010). Homegrown terrorism and transformative learning: an interdisciplinary approach to understanding radicalization. Global Change, Peace & Security, 22(1), 33-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/14781150903487956
  • Zhu, G., Mena, J., & Johnson, C. (2020). Chinese student teachers’ teaching practicum experiences: Insights from transformative learning, third space, and dialogical-self theory. International Journal of Educational Research, 103(101638), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101638
  • Zhu, R., Olcoń, K., Pulliam, R. M., & Gilbert, D. J. (2022). Transformative learning and the development of cultural humility in social work students. Social Work Education, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/02615479.2022.2056158
Toplam 80 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi
Bölüm Bu Sayıda
Yazarlar

Hüseyin Bayram 0000-0001-6065-8865

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 6 Aralık 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Aralık 2023
Kabul Tarihi 21 Kasım 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Bayram, H. (2023). The Impact of Transformative Learning Theory on Students’ Conflict Resolution Skill in Social Studies Course. Erzincan Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(4), 665-682. https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.1330054