PLATFORM ÇALIŞMA BAĞLAMINDA ORTAYA ÇIKAN SORUNLARA YÖNELİK SENDİKALAR VE PLATFORM ÇALIŞANLARININ GİRİŞİMLERİ
Öz
Son yıllarda giderek yaygınlaşan platform çalışma dijitalleşme sürecinde ortaya çıkan yeni çalışma biçimlerinden biridir. İşgücü istem ve sunumunun dijital çalışma platformları aracılığıyla eşleştirilmesine dayanan platform çalışma biçiminin çalışma yaşamının geleceğinde önemli bir yere sahip olması beklenmektedir. Geleneksel çalışma ilişkisinden pek çok yönüyle farklılıklar gösteren platform çalışma biçimi niteliği gereği çeşitli sorunları beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, platform çalışmanın kendine özgü yapısı nedeniyle platform çalışanları bakımından içerdiği sorunların ve bu sorunların çözümüne ilişkin olarak sendikalar ve platform çalışanları tarafından gerçekleştirilen girişimlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla, literatür taraması yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışmada, öncelikle konuya ilişkin kavramsal bir çerçeve oluşturması için platform çalışma ele alınmış, ardından platform çalışmadan kaynaklanan sorunlara yer verilmiş, son olarak da sendikaların ve platform çalışanlarının girişimleri çeşitli ülke örneklerine değinilerek ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Platform çalışma Dijital çalışma platformları Platform çalışanları Sendikalar
Kaynakça
- ALEKSYNSKA, Mariya, Bastrakova, Anastasia ve Kharchenko, Natalia (2019), Working Conditions on Digital Labour Platforms: Evidence from a Leading Labour Supply Economy, (IZA DP No. 12245), Germany, Institute of Labor Economics.
- BERG, Janine, Furrer, Marianne, Harmon, Ellie, Rani, Uma ve Silberman, M Six (2018), Digital Labour Platforms and the Future of Work: Towards Decent Work in the Online World, Geneva, International Labour Office.
- BOGLIACINO, Francesco, Codagnone, Cristiano, Cirillo, Valeria ve Guarascio, Dario (2019), Quantity and Quality of Work in the Platform Economy, GLO Discussion Paper, No. 420, Essen, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
- CANTARELLA, Michele ve Strozzi, Chiara (2019), Workers in the Crowd: The Labour Market Impact of the Online Platform Economy, (IZA DP No. 12327), Germany, Institute of Labor Economics.
- DE GROEN, Willem Pieter, Maselli, Ilaria ve Fabo, Brian (2016), The Digital Market for Local Services: A One-night Stand for Workers? An Example from the On-demand Economy, CEPS Special Report No. 133, Brussels, Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS).
- EUROFOUND (2018a), Employment and Working Conditions of Selected Types of Platform Work, Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union.
- EUROFOUND (2018b). Automation, Digitalisation and Platforms: Implications for Work and Employment, Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union.
- EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2016), Employment and Social Developments in Europe: Annual Review 2016, Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union.
- FLORISSON, Rebecca ve Mandl, Irene (2018), Platform Work: Types and Implications for Work and Employment - Literature Review, Dublin, Eurofound.
- GRAHAM, Mark, Hjorth, Isis ve Lehdonvirta, Vili (2017), “Digital Labour and Development: Impacts of Global Digital Labour Platforms and the Gig Economy on Worker Livelihoods”, Transfer, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 135-162.
- ILO (2017), The Future of Work Centenary Initiative: Background Document-EESC-ILO Conference on the Future of Work We Want, Geneva, International Labour Office.
- ILO (2019), Digitalization and Decent Work: Implications for Pacific Island Countries, Geneva, International Labour Office.
- JOHNSTON, Hannah ve Land-Kazlauskas, Chris (2019), Organizing On-demand: Representation, Voice and Collective Bargaining in the Gig Economy, Conditions of Work and Employment Series No. 94, Geneva, International Labour Office.
- KILHOFFER, Zachary, Lenaerts, Karolien ve Beblavý, Miroslav (2017), The Platform Economy and Industrial Relations: Applying the Old Framework to the New Reality, CEPS Research Report No. 2017/12, Brussels, Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS).
- LA SALLE, Dominique ve Cartoceti, Greta (2019), Social Security for the Digital Age: Addressing the New Challenges and Opportunities for Social Security Systems, Geneva, International Social Security Association.
- OECD (2018), Good Jobs for All in a Changing World of Work: The OECD Jobs Strategy, Paris, OECD Publishing, https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264308817-en.
- OECD (2019), OECD Employment Outlook 2019: The Future of Work, Paris, OECD Publishing, https://doi.org/10.1787/9ee00155-en.
- PAUL CHOUDARY, Sangeet (2018), The Architecture of Digital Labour Platforms: Policy Recommendations on Platform Design for Worker Well-being, Geneva, International Labour Office.
- PESOLE, Annarosa, Urzi Brancati, Maria Cesira, Fernandez Marcias, Enrique, Biagi, Federico ve Gonzalez Vazquez, Ignacio (2018), Platform Workers in Europe: Evidence from the COLLEEM Survey, Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union.
- PIASNA, Agnieszka ve Drahokoupil, Jan (2019), Digital Labour in Central and Eastern Europe: Evidence from the ETUI Internet and Platform Work Survey, Brussels, European Trade Union Institute (ETUI).
- PRASSL, Jeremias (2018), Collective Voice in the Platform Economy: Challenges, Opportunities, Solutions, Brussels, Confederation Syndicat European Trade Union.
- SCHMIDT, Florian Alexander (2017), Digital Labour Markets in the Platform Economy: Mapping the Political Challenges of Crowd Work and Gig Work, Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung.
- VANDAELE, Kurt (2018), Will Trade Unions Survive in the Platform Economy? Emerging Patterns of Platform Workers’ Collective Voice and Representation in Europe, Brussels, European Trade Union Institute (ETUI).
- VISSER, Jelle (2019), “Can Unions Revitalize themselves?”, International Journal of Labour Research, vol. 9, no. 1-2, pp. 17-48.
- VOSS, Eckhard ve Riede, Hannah (2018), Digitalisation and Workers Participation: What Trade Unions, Company Level Workers And Online Platform Workers in Europe Think, Brussels, Confederation Syndicat European Trade Union.
THE ATTEMPTS OF TRADE UNIONS AND PLATFORM WORKERS REGARDING THE PROBLEMS THAT EMERGE IN THE CONTEXT OF PLATFORM WORK
Öz
The platform work which has gradually become widespread in recent years
is one of the new ways of work that emerge in the process of digitalisation. The
platform work style, depending on the matching of demand and supply of labour
through digital labour platforms, is expected to have an important place in the
future of working life. The platform work style, which differs from traditional
working relationship in many respects, brings many problems together with it in
terms of its quality. In this study, it is aimed to examine the problems of platform
work in terms of platform workers due to its specific structure and the attempts
made by the trade unions and platform workers regarding the solutions of these
problems. For this purpose, in this study in which literature review method has
been used, the platform work has been initially dealt with in order to formulate a
conceptual frame about the matter. Then the problems caused by the platform
work have been included, and finally, the attempts of the trade unions and
platform workers have been tried to be revealed mentioning several examples
from countries.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Platform work Digital labour platforms Platform workers Trade unions
Kaynakça
- ALEKSYNSKA, Mariya, Bastrakova, Anastasia ve Kharchenko, Natalia (2019), Working Conditions on Digital Labour Platforms: Evidence from a Leading Labour Supply Economy, (IZA DP No. 12245), Germany, Institute of Labor Economics.
- BERG, Janine, Furrer, Marianne, Harmon, Ellie, Rani, Uma ve Silberman, M Six (2018), Digital Labour Platforms and the Future of Work: Towards Decent Work in the Online World, Geneva, International Labour Office.
- BOGLIACINO, Francesco, Codagnone, Cristiano, Cirillo, Valeria ve Guarascio, Dario (2019), Quantity and Quality of Work in the Platform Economy, GLO Discussion Paper, No. 420, Essen, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
- CANTARELLA, Michele ve Strozzi, Chiara (2019), Workers in the Crowd: The Labour Market Impact of the Online Platform Economy, (IZA DP No. 12327), Germany, Institute of Labor Economics.
- DE GROEN, Willem Pieter, Maselli, Ilaria ve Fabo, Brian (2016), The Digital Market for Local Services: A One-night Stand for Workers? An Example from the On-demand Economy, CEPS Special Report No. 133, Brussels, Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS).
- EUROFOUND (2018a), Employment and Working Conditions of Selected Types of Platform Work, Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union.
- EUROFOUND (2018b). Automation, Digitalisation and Platforms: Implications for Work and Employment, Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union.
- EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2016), Employment and Social Developments in Europe: Annual Review 2016, Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union.
- FLORISSON, Rebecca ve Mandl, Irene (2018), Platform Work: Types and Implications for Work and Employment - Literature Review, Dublin, Eurofound.
- GRAHAM, Mark, Hjorth, Isis ve Lehdonvirta, Vili (2017), “Digital Labour and Development: Impacts of Global Digital Labour Platforms and the Gig Economy on Worker Livelihoods”, Transfer, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 135-162.
- ILO (2017), The Future of Work Centenary Initiative: Background Document-EESC-ILO Conference on the Future of Work We Want, Geneva, International Labour Office.
- ILO (2019), Digitalization and Decent Work: Implications for Pacific Island Countries, Geneva, International Labour Office.
- JOHNSTON, Hannah ve Land-Kazlauskas, Chris (2019), Organizing On-demand: Representation, Voice and Collective Bargaining in the Gig Economy, Conditions of Work and Employment Series No. 94, Geneva, International Labour Office.
- KILHOFFER, Zachary, Lenaerts, Karolien ve Beblavý, Miroslav (2017), The Platform Economy and Industrial Relations: Applying the Old Framework to the New Reality, CEPS Research Report No. 2017/12, Brussels, Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS).
- LA SALLE, Dominique ve Cartoceti, Greta (2019), Social Security for the Digital Age: Addressing the New Challenges and Opportunities for Social Security Systems, Geneva, International Social Security Association.
- OECD (2018), Good Jobs for All in a Changing World of Work: The OECD Jobs Strategy, Paris, OECD Publishing, https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264308817-en.
- OECD (2019), OECD Employment Outlook 2019: The Future of Work, Paris, OECD Publishing, https://doi.org/10.1787/9ee00155-en.
- PAUL CHOUDARY, Sangeet (2018), The Architecture of Digital Labour Platforms: Policy Recommendations on Platform Design for Worker Well-being, Geneva, International Labour Office.
- PESOLE, Annarosa, Urzi Brancati, Maria Cesira, Fernandez Marcias, Enrique, Biagi, Federico ve Gonzalez Vazquez, Ignacio (2018), Platform Workers in Europe: Evidence from the COLLEEM Survey, Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union.
- PIASNA, Agnieszka ve Drahokoupil, Jan (2019), Digital Labour in Central and Eastern Europe: Evidence from the ETUI Internet and Platform Work Survey, Brussels, European Trade Union Institute (ETUI).
- PRASSL, Jeremias (2018), Collective Voice in the Platform Economy: Challenges, Opportunities, Solutions, Brussels, Confederation Syndicat European Trade Union.
- SCHMIDT, Florian Alexander (2017), Digital Labour Markets in the Platform Economy: Mapping the Political Challenges of Crowd Work and Gig Work, Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung.
- VANDAELE, Kurt (2018), Will Trade Unions Survive in the Platform Economy? Emerging Patterns of Platform Workers’ Collective Voice and Representation in Europe, Brussels, European Trade Union Institute (ETUI).
- VISSER, Jelle (2019), “Can Unions Revitalize themselves?”, International Journal of Labour Research, vol. 9, no. 1-2, pp. 17-48.
- VOSS, Eckhard ve Riede, Hannah (2018), Digitalisation and Workers Participation: What Trade Unions, Company Level Workers And Online Platform Workers in Europe Think, Brussels, Confederation Syndicat European Trade Union.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 23 Ekim 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020Sayı: 20 |
Cited By
Next Stage of Global Capitalism: Digital Platforms and Rentier Capitalism
Ekonomi Politika ve Finans Arastirmalari Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1350739
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